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1、考点考点 1 1 疑问词疑问词 不定式结构不定式结构常见的疑问词有who, which, when, where, how, what等。疑问词不定式结构在句子当中起名词的作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语。例1 NMET 2000 第19题Ive work with children before, so I know what _ in my job. A. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expectsB解析该题考查疑问词疑问词+ +不定式在句中做宾语不定式在句中做宾语的用法。英语中有一些动词 后可以跟一个疑问词的不定式做宾语，如：tel
2、l, discuss, know, show, learn, decide, wonder, explain作简短回答或避免不必要的重复时，动作简短回答或避免不必要的重复时，动词不定式常常省去词不定式常常省去to 后面后面的动词，只的动词，只保留保留to 。A:Would you like to come to my party?Mary wanted to use my bike, but I asked her not to ( use my bike).B: Yes , Id love to ( come to your party).Mary想用我的自行车，但我叫她别用。想用我的自行车
3、，但我叫她别用。考点二考点二 连词连词 + doing sth /done When learning a foreign language, we remember more words. = when we learn a foreign language, we remember more words. 睡觉的时候，你最好把音乐开小一点。睡觉的时候，你最好把音乐开小一点。 Youd better turn down the music when sleeping. / when you are sleeping. 进行听力训练时，请用磁带录音机。进行听力训练时，请用磁带录音机。 Use
4、your tape recorder when doing listening practice. /when you are doing exercises. 2005 Fujian33When help, one often says “Thank you.” or “Its kind of you.”Aoffering Bto offer Cto be offered Doffered D when + doing sth / done(2002上海上海) Though_ money, his parents managed to send him to university. A. l
5、acked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in C lack vt though lacking money = though they lacked money考点三考点三 分词放在句首，或在逗号后面作状语的形式分词放在句首，或在逗号后面作状语的形式 Doing sth , . Done , . , doing sth. ., done._for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits. (2006 福建福建)A. Blaming B. lamed C
6、. To blame D. To be blamed be blamed forB_ with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time. (四川四川) A. Faced B. Face C. Facing D. To face be faced with A_ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. （NMET2001）A.Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D.
7、SufferedA考点四考点四 分词做后置定语分词做后置定语 Dont use words, expressions, or phrases_ only to people with specific knowledge. （2002上海）上海）A.being known B. having been known C. to be known D. known be known to sb Dont use words, expressions, or phrases which are known only to people with specific knowledge. DThe fl
8、owers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. （2004上海）上海）A.to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt smell sweet The flowers which smell sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. B考点五考点五 分词做状语分词做状语 , doing sth , done After his jo
9、urney from abroad, Richard Jones returned home, _.（2004上海春）上海春） A. exhausting B. exhausted C. being exhausted D. having exhausted be exhausted B“ You can t catch me! ” Janet shouted, _ away. （2005全国卷三）全国卷三）Arun Brunning Cto run Dran B考点六考点六 分词的逻辑主语问题分词的逻辑主语问题I often hear him singing this song. I oft
10、en hear this song sung. Hearing the news, he couldnt help crying. 1. Finding her car stolen, _. A. a policeman was asked to help B. the area was searched thoroughly C. it was looked for everywhere D. she hurried to a policeman for helpD考点七考点七 独立结构可以表示伴随动作或情况独立结构可以表示伴随动作或情况, 表示时间、原因、条件等表示时间、原因、条件等, 例
11、如：例如： He rushed into the room, his face covered with sweat. (伴随情况伴随情况) The shower being over, we continued to march. (时间时间) So many students being absent, we decided to put the meeting off. (原因原因) Weather permitting, well have an outing tomorrow. (条件条件) All things considered, her paper is of greater
12、 value than yours. The job done, we went home. The composition written, he handed it to the teacher.分词的独立主格结构分词的独立主格结构The job finished, we went home. The weather being fine, we went swimming. He being absent, nothing could be done.当分词的逻辑主语不是主句的主语时，要给出当分词的逻辑主语不是主句的主语时，要给出它自己的主语，构成独立主格结构。它自己的主语，构成独立主格
13、结构。相当于：相当于：After the job was finished, we went home. Because the weather was fine, we went swimming. Because he was absent, nothing could be done. 考点八考点八 有些动词后只跟动名词作宾语，有些动词后只跟动名词作宾语，如：如：admit，appreciate，avoid，consider，delay，dislike，enjoy，escape， excuse，finish，imagine， keep，mind，miss，practise，resist，
14、 risk，suggest，deny等等。 考点九考点九 有些动词后既可以跟不定式，又可有些动词后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟动名词，但意义上有区别以跟动名词，但意义上有区别，如：如：forget，remember， mean，regret，stop，try等。等。 注意问题注意问题1.1.有些动词后使用动名词和动词不定式作宾语的差别有些动词后使用动名词和动词不定式作宾语的差别 1）forget to do 忘记要去做某事（此事未做）忘记要去做某事（此事未做） forget doing忘记做过某事（此事已做过或已发生）忘记做过某事（此事已做过或已发生） 2）stop to do 停止、中断（某件事
15、），目的是去做另一件事停止、中断（某件事），目的是去做另一件事 stop doing 停止正在或经常做的事停止正在或经常做的事 3）remember to do 记住去做某事（未做）记住去做某事（未做） remember doing记得做过某事记得做过某事(已做已做) 4) regret to do对要做的事遗憾对要做的事遗憾 regret doing对做过的事遗憾、后悔对做过的事遗憾、后悔 5）try to do努力、企图做某事努力、企图做某事 try doing试验、试一试某种办法试验、试一试某种办法 6) mean to do打算，有意要打算，有意要 mean doing意味着意味着 7
16、）go on to do 继而（去做另外一件事情）继而（去做另外一件事情） go on doing 继续（原先没有做完的事情）继续（原先没有做完的事情） 8）propose to do 打算（要做某事）打算（要做某事） proposing doing建议（做某事）建议（做某事） Its no good/ use doing Theres no doing 不可能不可能 Theres no knowing. Theres no telling when he will be back. Theres no joking. 介词介词except/ but 之后接不定式时，如果介词前有实意动之后接不
17、定式时，如果介词前有实意动词词do 则则except/ but 后接不带后接不带to 的不定式；反之，如的不定式；反之，如果果except/ but前没有实意动词前没有实意动词do，则不定式带，则不定式带to 。 She has no choice but to wait for the news. The man can do everything but speak French. 动词动词want, need, require, deserve 等和形容词等和形容词worth后接后接V-ing形式的形式的主动形式主动形式作宾语，表示作宾语，表示被动关系被动关系，如接不定式时，则必须用被动形式。如接不定式时，则必须用被动形式。 即即need doing=need to be done 以下短语中以下短语中to 为介词为介词，接，接名词，代词或名词，代词或V-ing 作宾作宾get down to 开始认真（做某事）开始认真（做某事）look forward to stick to坚持坚持turn to 翻到，求助于翻到，求助于 see to 照顾；处理照顾；处理 devote oneself to be used to (doing sth.)