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1、2021辽宁同等学力人员申请硕士学位考试考试模拟卷本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.“支架式教学”所依据的学习理论派别是（）。A联结理论B信息加工理论C人本主义理论D建构主义理论2.公共管理的公共性主要包含了以下两层含义（）。A管理主体的公共性和管理能力的公共性B管理事务的公共性和管理对象的公共性C价值取向的公共性和社会伦理的公共性D利益取向的公共性和管理参与的公共性3.新公共管理学派的主要代表人物是（）。A伍德罗.威尔逊B罗伯特.V.登哈特C戴维.奥斯本D赫伯特.西蒙4.与集
2、权制相比，分权制容易产生以下缺点（）。A官僚主义B本位主义C专制主义D事务主义5.按照我国法律规定，在以下资源中有可能属于非公共资源的是（）。A土地资源B矿产资源C水资源D信息资源6.中华人民共和国行使国家最高行政权力的机关是（）。A中共中央B全国人大C国务院D全国人大和国务院7.北京市政府规定，没有北京市户籍且在北京市交纳社会保障金不满一定年限的外来人口，不得在北京市购买居住性质的商品房，这项政策属于（）。A调节性政策B自我调节性政策C分配性政策D再分配性政策8.中国共产党十八届三中全会的决定强调要全面深化改革，指出要发挥市场在资源配置中的（）。A关键性作用B重要性作用C决定性作用D基础性作
3、用9.当前一些地方存在老人倒地没人扶、不敢扶的现象，这反映出当前我国确实在某些方面缺失（）。A公共伦理B社会公德C公民意识D社会诚信10.在现代民主国家中，政策议程通常分为如下两大类（）。A企业议程和政府议程B公众议程和政府议程C立法议程和行政议程D政党议程和政府议程11.在现代某些西方国家的公共管理改革中，将私人部门的管理方法引入公共部门的管理之中，重塑公共部门，这种改革被称之为（）。A公共部门私人化B政府企业化C建立公私伙伴关系D建设企业家政府12.产权明晰化的含义是_。产权的排他性 产权的可分割性或可分离性 产权的不可分割性法人财产权的独立化 产权的可转让性 产权的有效保护ABCD 13
4、.间接融资是指_。A货币资金供给者与货币资金需求者之间直接发生的信用关系B货币资金供给者与货币资金需求者之间的融资活动通过金融中介机构进行C金融中介机构之间的融资活动D金融中介机构与中央银行之间的融资活动 14.基础货币是指_。A流通中现金B流通中现金+活期存款C流通中现金+定期存款D流通中现金+商业银行存款准备金 15.远期汇率和即期汇率的差用升水、贴水和平价表示。一般情况下，利息率较高的货币远期汇率应_，利息率较低的货币远期汇率应_。A升水/贴水B贴水/升水C平价/平价D平价/贴水 16.如果以课税对象的经济性质为标准，可以将各种税收分为_。A从量税和从价税B直接税和间接税C所得税、商品税
5、和财产税D价内税和价外税 17.在国际贸易相关法律上所指的倾销应包括_。产品低于正常价值或公平价值销售这种低价销售行为对进口国的相关产业造成了损害损害与低价之间存在因果联系低价销售是长期持续的ABCD 18.以下不属于财政职能基本内容的是_。资源配置职能 收入分配职能 汇率调整职能劳动就业职能 经济发展职能 经济稳定职能ABCD 19.如图所示三条等产量曲线Q1，Q2，Q3。以下正确的表述是_。AQ1，Q2，Q3 是在同一技术水平下的不同产出BQ1Q2Q3C厂商选择在A 点生产最优D厂商选择在B 点生产最优 20.Man: Yes, hello, this is Robert White ca
6、lling. Could Dr. Jones see me on Tuesday morning instead of Tuesday afternoon Woman: Tuesday morning Lets see. Its that the only other time you could come Question: What does the woman implyAThe doctor only has time on Tuesdays.BThe doctor is busy on Tuesday morning.CThe man must come more than one
7、time.DThe man must arrive on tim 21.The heart bypass (心脏搭桥术)has become part of our cultural life. It has come to seem like a ceremony of passage for the successful male, a red symbol of courage in midlife. Six hundred thousand bypass operations are performed a year in the United States. After a bypa
8、ss, most heart patients experience significant relief from the peculiar discomfort in the chest caused by insufficient blood to the heart muscle. In some cases the surgery can dramatically extend life. American heart patients, who now number about 12 million, are enthusiastic about the surgery. Bypa
9、ss is one of the most common major operations in America. In private, however, many of my fellow workers in medicine suspect that bypass has become too popular. A recent Harvard study showed that as many as two-thirds of patients referred for bypass dont need it or could have it postponed. In Canada
10、 and Britain, where physicians perform bypass surgery much less frequently than they do in America,heart patients fare just as well. In addition, bypassing a blocked section of an artery does nothing to ;prevent the artery (动脉) from getting clogged somewhere else. In fact, bypass surgery can acceler
11、ate the development of new blockage. But bypass did not have to prove itself. It has become hugely popular. Voices of caution were drowned out as more and more hospitals raced to offer bypass. By 1979,100 000: bypasses a year were taking place, and 10 years later the figure has risen to 260 000. Med
12、ical students were keen to train in cardiac (心脏的) surgery; for all the hard training, it was a advancing ,challenging field. In fact, the rewards are handsome. There is more money to be made performing this surgery than there is in practicing in almost any other field of medicine. The idea of bold s
13、urgeons reaching into our bodies to save a wounded heart cannot but exert a powerful grip on our imaginations, as if we are witnessing a cultural ceremony where two overachieving individualssurgeon and patientcome together, Bypass may indeed be both a life-extending and pain-relieving procedure for
14、many patients. But perhaps it has transfixed us for too long.According to the passage, a bypass surgery is _.Aa dangerous operationBa painful experienceCa symbol of ones success and courageDnothing serious 22.More American mothers than ever are working, and more workers are mothers. Yet their march
15、into the world of paid work continues to cause suspicion. One recent survey found that 48 percent of Americans believe that preschoolers suffer if their mothers work, while another found that 42 percent of employed parents think that working mothers care more about succeeding at work than meeting th
16、eir childrens needs. All mothers deserve our support-those who care for children at home and those who have joined the work force. But many working mothers continue to believe that they are shortchanging (少找钱)their children. They shouldnt. Research tells us that kids do just fine when mothers work.
17、Suzanne Bianchi a scientist of the University of Maryland, has found that mothers today spend as much if not more time with their children than they did in 1965, even though the percentage of mothers who work rose from 35 percent to 71 percent. Then there are the obvious financial benefits. For many
18、 children, these earnings are the difference between living in povertyor out of it. The kids are all right. Studies conducted by the University of Michigan have consistently demonstrated that a childs social or academic competence does not depend on whether a mother is employed. In my research four
19、out of five children (nine out of ten in single parent families) told me that having a working mother was their preferred arrangement. My study found that children with working mothers are no more likely to drop out, take drugs, break the law, or experiment with sex prematurely than children with no
20、n-employed mothers. Children have taken their mothers example to heart. Ninety percent of the young women I interviewed said they hoped to combine work with motherhood, while two-thirds of the men said they wanted to share parenting and work. Sadly, children support working mothers more than we do a
21、s a society. Parental leave and child-care benefits in the United States remain inadequate, particularly when compared to whats offered in other countries. Children thrive when their mothers have satisfying, well-paid jobs when they can count on other caretakers to share the load. The challenge faci
22、ng us is thus not whether good workers can also be good mothers, but whether we can create the conditions that enable working mothers and fathers to be good parents.From the first paragraph, we can see that _.Anow more American mothers are working than any time in American history and anywhere else
23、in the worldBmore than half Americans think that before going to school, children need their mothers whole-hearted careCa majority of Americans believe that once working outside home mothers think of their own work more than their childrenDmore American mothers work than ever before, but this proble
24、m of working mothers has not been solved satisfactorily 23.If someone just studies a few recent corporate recruitment advertisements, there will be at least one thing he or she will find common in almost all. of them. The recruiters are putting much emphasis on hiring a one-team man rather than a on
25、e-man team, in the management category at least. In accordance to this shift, the office atmosphere is changing too. CEOs of the companies at present are accessible to general employees move than ever before. The visual distance is cut short. Office decorations are changing with more and more interl
26、inked and free sitting arrangements. At this age, one can never ignore the psychological affect on human beings created by the respective surroundings. The corporate houses these days are spending huge amounts to unite the workforce into an active team. Active and spontaneous participation of employ
27、ees in both internal and external affairs of the company and even in the decision making process are regarded as the path of progress. The main problem in the corporate team building process namely distancing is predominantly inherent in employees as well as in the employers psyche. It is one of the
28、 basic instincts of human beings. The primary team building process is constantly fighting to throw away distancing to a great distance. The ideal corporate team building events concentrate on bringing together employees who do not always get the chance to come in close, if not in personal contact w
29、ith each other. The prime ideological stand is that, if an employee does not know his or her co-workers then he or she cannot actively participate to boost up the company profile and morale as a whole. It is all about fixing the SELF, not into the category called OTHER, but under the umbrella named
30、WE. The corporate event management companies divide the employees into various groups. Apparently, it seems that the process is breaking the basic notion of team building activities, but in fact, it just adds to the notion. The participants here never feel rivalry among themselves. They are consciou
31、s that it is merely a game though they need to win. Thus, they fail to concentrate on the issue that it is a part of the team building exercise tailored by the company. This lack of concentration on the subtle issue ultimately does the trick. The idea of the team is built in the consciousness of the
32、 participant that excludes the visual divisions.The difference between one team man and one man team lies in _.Ateam members initiativesBan individuals abilityCteam members relationship with leadersDcommunication and interaction among team members 24.Anyone whos ever taken a preschooler to the docto
33、r knows they often cry more before the shot than afterward. Now researchers using brain scans to unravel the biology of dread have an explanation: For some people, anticipating pain is truly as bad as experiencing it. How bad Among people who volunteered to receive electric shocks, almost a third op
34、ted for a stronger zap if they could just get it over with, instead of having to wait. More importantly, the research found that how much attention the brain pays to expected pain determines whether someone is an extreme dreader suggesting that simple diversions could alleviate the misery. The resea
35、rch, published in the journal Science ,is part of a burgeoning new field called neu-ro-economics that uses brain imaging to try to understand how people make choices. Until now, most of that work has focused on reward, the things people will do for positive outcomes. We were interested in the dark s
36、ide of the equation, explained Dr. Gregory Berns of Emory University, who led the new study. Dread often makes us make bad decisions. Standard economic theory says that people should postpone bad outcomes for as long as possible, because something might happen in the interim to improve the outlook.
37、In real life the just get it over with reaction is more likely, said Berns, a professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences. He offers a personal example: he usually pays credit card bills as soon as they arrive instead of waiting until theyre due,even though it doesnt make any sense economically.
38、 So Berns designed a study to trace dread inside the brain. He put 32 volunteers into an MRI machine while giving them a series of 96 electric shocks to the foot. The shocks varied in intensity, from barely detectable to the pain of a needle jab. Participants were told one was coming, how strong it
39、would be, and how long the wait for it would be, from 1 to 27 seconds. Later, participants were given choices: Would they prefer a medium jolt in 5 seconds or 27 seconds What about a mild jolt in 20 seconds vs. a sharp one in 3 seconds When the voltage was identical, the volunteers almost always cho
40、se the shortest wait. But those Berns dubbed extreme dreaders picked the worst shock if it meant not having to wait as long. The MRI scans showed that a brain network that governs how much pain people feel became active even before they were shocked, particularly the parts of this pain matrix that a
41、re linked to attentionbut not brain regions involving fear and anxiety. The more dread bothered someone, the more attention the pain-sensing parts of the brain were paying to the wait. In other words, the mere information that youre about to feel pain seems to be a source of misery, George Lowenstei
42、n,a specialist in economics and psychology at Carnegie Mellon University, wrote in an accompanying review of the work. These findings support the idea that the decision to delay or expedite an outcome depends critically on how a person feels while waiting, Lowenstein added. The National Institute on
43、 Drug Abuse funded the research. Whats the link between dread and drug use Its indirect, but now that scientists know how healthy peoples brains anticipate unpleasant consequences, future studies can compare how drug abusers process such information.By giving the example of a preschooler, the author
44、 wants to show that _.Achildren are afraid of being shot by doctorBwaiting is a painful processCwe should give a shot to a child as slow as possibleDbodily pain is less important 25.Laundry is, after all, just laundry. Except when its not. And Procter & Gamble Co. recently realized that Tide, its se
45、gment-dominating cash cow, despite adding three share points in the past year for a total 42% of the category, was in jeopardy of slipping into mere commodity status. Thats when consumers buy on price and habit, which can spell the end of brand growth. The problem. Tide for the past four years had o
46、nly advertised mundane stain-fighting messages. Such creative indifference hardly did justice to an iconic brand so cool that Kevin Roberts, CEO of Tide agency Saatchi & Saatchi, wrote in his book, Love marks. The Future Beyond Brands. I saw Neil Young in a recording studio wearing a sleeveless T-sh
47、irt with a Tide logo, and it just screamed possibilities. So, in an attempt to cultivate Tides inner love mark, new ads now dismiss the notion that laundry detergent is a mere commodity. Instead, they reflect P&Gs conviction that the relationship womentheyre not bothering with menhave with their laundry goes well beyond cleaning grass-stained T-shirts. Indeed,