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1、1.1.英语动词有三种语气,英语动词有三种语气, 陈述语气,陈述语气,祈使语气祈使语气和和虚拟语气虚拟语气. .一、虚拟语气定义一、虚拟语气定义2. 定义:用来表示说的话定义:用来表示说的话不是事实,或者是或者是不可能发生或可能性比较小的的情况,或者是一种愿望,建议,假设情况,或者是一种愿望,建议,假设的语气叫虚拟语气。的语气叫虚拟语气。 二、虚拟语气在二、虚拟语气在if条件句中的用法;条件句中的用法;if 条件从句条件从句主句主句与与现在现在事实相事实相反的假反的假设设与与过去过去相反的相反的假设假设与与将来将来相反的相反的假设假设 动词的过去式动词的过去式(be动词用动词用were)wou
2、ld should +do sthcouldmighthad +donewould should +have done sthcouldmight1、动词过去式动词过去式(be动词用动词用were)2、were to+ do3、should +dowould should +do sthcouldmight注意:注意: 1省略句:在条件句中,可省略省略句:在条件句中,可省略 if,把,把were ,had, should 提到句首,变为倒装句式提到句首,变为倒装句式If I were at school again, I would study harder.If you had come e
3、arlier, you would have met him.If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.Were I at school again, I Had you come earlier, you .Should it rain tomorrow, we would 三、虚拟语气在其他句式中的用法;三、虚拟语气在其他句式中的用法; 1.在宾语从句中的使用:在宾语从句中的使用:在表示在表示 “建议,命令,建议,命令, 要求要求” 等的词语引导的从句中,等的词语引导的从句中,从句要使用从句要使用( should) + v注意
4、:注意:suggest 当表示当表示“暗示、表明暗示、表明”讲时,讲时,insist 表示表示“坚持认坚持认为为”之意时,应用陈述语气。之意时,应用陈述语气。The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with our work. (be)The man insisted that he had never stolen the money. (steal)他脸上的表情表明他对我们的工作很满意他脸上的表情表明他对我们的工作很满意那个人坚持说他没有偷钱那个人坚持说他没有偷钱如:如:“一个坚持一个坚持”:insist “两个命令两个命
5、令”:order , command “三个建议三个建议”:suggest , advise , propose “四个要求四个要求”:demand , request , require , desire 在在suggestion / proposal / order / plan / advice / idea / request 等名词后的表语和同位语从句中要用等名词后的表语和同位语从句中要用“shouldV”, should可以省略可以省略 2. 用于表语从句和同位语从句用于表语从句和同位语从句My idea is that we (should ) think it over bef
6、ore accepting it. We all agree to that advice that the meeting (should) be put off.1)Teachers recommend parents _their childrens education. (attach)老师建议父母要重视孩子的教育。老师建议父母要重视孩子的教育。2)The order came that the medical supplies_ Beijing for the H1N1 flu soon. (send)传来命令:治疗传来命令:治疗H1N1流感的医疗品须立即送到北流感的医疗品须立即送到
7、北京。京。(should) attach importance to(should) be sent to3)That you have so many friends to help you suggests that you _.(popular)你有这么多朋友帮你,表明你受他们欢迎。你有这么多朋友帮你,表明你受他们欢迎。4)Who do you suggest _there? (send)你建议派谁去那儿工作?你建议派谁去那儿工作?are popular with them解析:此处解析:此处suggest意思是意思是“表明,暗示表明,暗示”。(should)be sent to wor
8、k 4、虚拟语气在、虚拟语气在 wish / (as if/as though)/ if only(要是要是就好了)就好了) 引导的从句中的使用:引导的从句中的使用:wish (希望)希望)as if/ +从句从句as though(好像)(好像)if only(要是(要是就好了)就好了)与现在事实相反与现在事实相反过去时过去时(be 动词用动词用were ) 与过去事实相反与过去事实相反过去完成时过去完成时 与未来事实相反与未来事实相反would/could+do 1)Look at the terrible situation I am now in! If only I _your ad
9、vice. (adopt)瞧我现在的糟糕处境!要是我采纳了你的建议就好了。瞧我现在的糟糕处境!要是我采纳了你的建议就好了。2)My uncle suggests I go abroad.I would rather you_ .(stay)我叔叔建议我出国。我叔叔建议我出国。我希望你留在国内。我希望你留在国内。had adoptedstayed at home3)Looking around the town, he felt as though he_ for ages. (away)环顾城镇四周,他感觉好像离开了很多年。环顾城镇四周,他感觉好像离开了很多年。4)It is about time _what women did during the war. (take)是人们注意妇女在战争期间所做的事情的时候了。是人们注意妇女在战争期间所做的事情的时候了。had been away(that) people took notice of/should take notice of