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1、2022美国护士资格认证(CGFNS)考试考前冲刺卷（2）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.Following a precipitous delivery, examination of the clients vagina reveals a fourth-degree laceration. Which of the following would be contraindicated when caring for this client（）A. Applying co
2、ld to limit edema during the first 12 to 24 hours.B. Instructing the client on the use of sitz-baths if ordered.C. Instructing the client about the importance of perineal (Kegel) exercises.D. Instructing the client to use two or more peripads to cushion the area.2.The nurse is developing a plan of c
3、are for a client with iron-deficiency anemia. Which of the following would be an appropriate nursing diagnosis of the client（）A. Excess fluid volume related to anemia.B. Imbalanced nutrition related to nausea.C. Activity intolerance related to fatigue.D. Impaired home maintenance related to neurolog
4、ical impairment.3.When caring for a client during the second stage of labor, which action would be least appropriateA. Assisting the client with pushing.B. Ensuring the clients legs are positioned appropriately.C. Allowing the client clear liquids.D. Monitoring the fetal heart rate.4.A few days afte
5、r a colectomy, a client suddenly develops chest pain, shortness of breath, and air hunger. The nurse knows she must further assess the clients chest pain to determine its origin. When determining whether the chest pain is cardiac or pleuritic in nature, the nurse knows that pleuritic chest pain typi
6、cally（）A. is described as crushing and substernal.B. worsens with deep inspiration.C. is relieved with nitroglycerin.D. is relieved when the client leans forward.5.The nurse is caring for a 40-year-old client. Which behavior by the client indicates adult cognitive developmentA. Has perceptions based
7、 on reality. B. Assumes responsibility for actions. C. Generates new levels of awareness. D. Has maximum ability to solve problems and learn new skills. 6.The nurse notices muscle twitching in the hands and forearms of the client with pancreatitis. The nurse would report these symptoms immediately b
8、ecause clients with pancreatitis are at serious risk for which of the following problemsA. Hypermagnesemia. B. Hyperkalemia. C. Hypoglycemia.D. Hypocalcemia.7.A client with a long history of ulcerative colitis takes sulfasalazine (Azulfidine) to control the condition. The nurse would anticipate the
9、client to have which nutritional deficit that can occur as a result of taking this drug（）A. Colbalamin.B. Folic acid.C. Niacin.D. Iron.8.A 14-year-old girl with Type 1 diabetes is monitoring her blood glucose level at home. Which of the following actions indicates that she understands appropriate ca
10、re management strategies for a blood glucose level of 250 mg/dLA. She will skip the next dose of insulin and drink fruit juice.B. She will take insulin and drink water.C. She will eat a high-carbohydrate meal and exercise.D. She will inject glucagon and rest.9.Which of the following is an early symp
11、tom of glaucoma（）A. Hazy vision.B. Loss of central vision.C. Blurred or sooty vision.D. Impaired peripheral vision.10.A client has been told to take ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil) to relieve the pain of her rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following statements indicates the client understands how to ta
12、ke this drug safely and effectively（）A. I should not take aspirin with this drug unless my physician says to.B. I should not take this drug with antacids or food products.C. I do not need to worry about this medicine irritating my stomach.D. I should notice the effects of this medicine within the fi
13、rst few days.11.Which one of the following clients is at the greatest risk for aspiration（）A. A stroke client with dysarthria.B. An ambulatory client with Alzheimer’s disease.C. A 92-year-old client who needs help with activities of daily living (ADLs).D. A client with severe, deforming rheuma
14、toid arthritis.12.Which of the following nursing interventions would be included in the care of a client with anorexia nervosa as therapy progresses（）A. Let the client eat alone to avoid embarrassment.B. Weigh the client once a week in the same clothing.C. Monitor the client for self-destructive ten
15、dencies.D. Praise the client for looking better and remind the client that she isn’t too fat.13.The nurse is performing wound care. Which of the following practices violates surgical asepsis（）A. Holding sterile objects above the waist.B. Considering a 1 (2.5 cm) edge around the sterile field a
16、s being contaminated.C. Pouring solution onto a sterile field cloth.D. Opening the outermost flap of a sterile package away from the body.14.A 34-year-old client at 32 weeks gestation tells the nurse that her baby will be sick because she saw a dead dog on the road yesterday. Whats the best response
17、 by the nurseA. Your baby will be fine. Thats just superstition. B. Dont worry. Well make sure your baby is okay. C. I can see that you are concerned. Lets talk about whats bothering you. D. Perhaps so. Your baby should be seen by a physician as soon as its born. 15.The nurse is preparing to give a
18、9-year-old client a preoperative IM injection. Which size needle should the nurse use（）A. 22G,B. 22G, 1.C. 20G,D. 20G, 1.16.The nurse is assessing a 71-year-old female client with ulcerative colitis. Which assessment finding related to the family will have the greatest impact on the clients rehabili
19、tation after discharge（）A. The family’s ability to take care of the client’s special diet needs.B. The family’s expectation that the client will resume responsibilities and role-related activities.C. Emotional support from the family.D. The family’s ability to understand the
20、ups and downs of the illness.17.During the assessment of a geriatric client, a nurse would expect which findings（）A. Eye structure and visual acuity changes.B. Facial hair decreasing in a female client.C. Facial hair increasing in a male client.D. Wounds healing more quickly.18.A 14-year-old female
21、client in skeletal traction for treatment of a fractured femur is expected to be hospitalized for several weeks. When planning care, the nurse should take into account the clients need to achieve what developmental milestone（）A. Autonomy.B. Initiative.C. Industry.D. Identity.19.The nurse is providin
22、g care for a pregnant 16-year-old client. The client says that shes concerned she may gain too much weight and wants to start dieting. The nurse should respond by saying.（）A. Now isn’t a good time to begin dieting because you are eating for two.B. Let’s explore your feelings further.C. N
23、utrition is important because depriving your baby of nutrients can cause developmental and growth problems.D. The prenatal vitamins should ensure the baby gets all the necessary nutrients.20.The nurse is developing a care plan for a client whos at risk for ineffective coping due to the effects of ch
24、ronic illness. Which factor provides the best evidence that the client is at risk for difficulty in coping with his illness（）A. Poor sleeping habits.B. Lack of social support.C. Adverse drug effects.D. Presence of panic disorder.21.The nurse is preparing to discharge a child who has rheumatic fever.
25、 Which of the following medications is prescribed to prevent recurrence of rheumatic fever（）A. Glucocorticoids.B. Digoxin.C. Antibiotics.D. Anti-inflammatory medications.22.A primigravida client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is in labor at term. In preparing her nursing care plan, t
26、he nurse should include which of the following nursing diagnoses（）A. Risk for fetal or maternal injury related to the crisis of childbearing.B. Risk for infection related to suppressed immune status.C. Risk for deficient fluid volume related to dehydration.D. Risk for fetal injury related to uteropl
27、acental insufficiency.23.The physician orders IV fluid volume replacement with lactated Ringers solution at a rate of 75 mL/hour. Using an infusion set that provides 15 gtt/mL, the nurse should calculate the flow rate to be（）A. 10 gtt/min.B. 12 gtt/min.C. 19 gtt/min.D. 75 gtt/min.24.The nurse is ass
28、essing a client who gave birth yesterday. Where should the nurse expect to find the top of the clients fundus（）A. One fingerbreadth above the umbilicus.B. One fingerbreadth below the umbilicus.C. At the level of the umbilicus.D. Below the symphysis pubis.25.The nurse is teaching parents how to reduc
29、e the spread of impetigo. The nurse should encourage parents to（）A. teach children to cover mouths and noses when they sneeze. B. have their children immunized against impetigo. C. teach children the importance of proper hand washing. D. isolate the child with impetigo from other members of the fami
30、ly. 26.A 7-year-old boy is hospitalized with cystic fibrosis. To help him manage secretions and avoid respiratory distress, the nurse should（）A. perform chest physiotherapy every 4 hours.B. give pancreatic enzymes as ordered.C. place the child in an oxygen tent and have oxygen administered continuou
31、sly.D. serve a high-calorie diet.27.While auscultating heart sounds of a client with heart failure, the nurse hears an extra heart sound immediately after the second heart sound (S2). The nurse should document this as（）A. a first heart sound (S1).B. a third heart sound (S3).C. a fourth heart sound (
32、S4).D. a murmur.28.The nurse is developing a plan to teach a mother how to reduce her babys risk of developing otitis media. Which of the following directions should the nurse include in the teaching plan（）A. Administer antibiotics whenever the baby has a cold.B. Place the baby in an upright positio
33、n when giving a bottle.C. Avoid getting the ears wet while bathing or swimming.D. Clean the external ear canal daily.29.37-year-old teacher is hospitalized with complaints of weakness, incoordination, dizziness, and loss of balance. The diagnosis is multiple sclerosis (MS). Which of the following si
34、gns and symptoms, discovered during the history and physical assessment, is typical of MS（）A. Diplopia, history of increased fatigue, and decreased or absent deep tendon reflexes.B. Flexor spasm, clonus, and negative Babinski’s reflex.C. Blurred vision, intention tremor, and urinary hesitancy.
35、D. Hyperactive abdominal reflexes and history of unsteady gait and episodic paresthesia in both legs.30.The client is to receive an IV infusion of 3000 mL of dextrose and normal saline solution over 24 hours. The nurse observes that the rate is 150mL/hour. If the solution runs continuously at this r
36、ate, the infusion will be completed in（）A. 12 hours.B. 20 hours.C. 24 hours.D. 50 hours.31.A client with a neurogenic bladder is beginning bladder training. Which of the following nursing actions is most important（）A. Set up specific times to empty the bladder.B. Force fluids.C. Provide adequate rou
37、ghage.D. Encourage the use of an indwelling urinary catheter.32.A 3288. 5g baby boy is born by spontaneous vaginal delivery. During the initial assessment at 1 hour postpartum, the nurse notices lanugo, acrocyanosis, mongolian spots, and hemangiomas. Which of these is an abnormal finding in a neonat
38、e（）A. Lanugo.B. Acroeyanosis.C. Mongolian spots.D. Hemangiomas.33.The nurse-manager of a hospital unit holds monthly staff meetings. During these meetings, she maintains control over the meeting and agenda, resists consensus decision making, and uses discipline and coercion to elicit desired behavio
39、r from staff. This manager uses what type of leadership style（）A. Autocratic.B. Democratic.C. Participative.D. Laissez-faire.34.A recent immigrant from Vietnam is diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement with this client（）A. Client t
40、eaching about the cause of TB.B. Reviewing the risk factors for TB.C. Developing a list of people with whom the client has had contact.D. Client teaching about the importance of TB testing.35.A client is in the first postoperative day after a total laryngectomy and radical neck dissection. Which of
41、the following is a priority goal（）A. Communicate by use of esophageal speech.B. Improve body image and self-esteem.C. Attain optimal levels of nutrition.D. Maintain a patent airway.36.The nurse is teaching family members of a client with hepatitis A virus (HAV). Family members were exposed to the cl
42、ient and, therefore, should receive immunoglobulin. The nurse should tell the family members that immunoglobulin（）A. prevents hepatitis infection in all people.B. provides immunity for life.C. must be administered within 2 weeks of exposure.D. should be administered even if the person has anti-HAV a
43、ntibodies.37.Which nursing action takes priority when admitting a elient with right lower lobe pneumonia（）A. Elevating the head of the bed 45 to 90 degrees.B. Auscultating the chest for adventitious sounds.C. Obtaining a sputum specimen for culture.D. Notifying the physician of the client’s ad
44、mission.38.The nurse is caring for a client who underwent a total hip replacement. What should the nurse and other caregivers do to prevent dislocation of the new prosthesis（）A. Keep the affected leg in a position of adduction.B. Use measures other than turning to prevent pressure ulcers.C. Prevent
45、internal rotation of the affected leg.D. Keep the hip flexed by placing pillows under the client’s knee.39.A woman in her 8th month of pregnancy is having dinner with her husband at their favorite restaurant. The woman suddenly chokes on a piece of chicken and appears to lose consciousness. Wh
46、at would be the best action by a nurse sitting at the next table（）A. Apply abdominal thrust.B. Apply chest thrust.C. Begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).D. Reposition the client on her side.40.The nurse is giving home care instructions to a client who just had a cataract removed and an intraoc
47、ular lens implanted. What should the nurse tell the clientA. Dont sleep on the operated side.B. Wear the eye shield continuously for 2 weeks.C. Aspirin may be taken for mild pain. D. Straining during bowel movements is allowed. 41.Directions: The question below is followed by six choices numbered 26
48、0-265. If a choice is correct, mark A in the space provided. If a choice is not correct, mark B. Blacken one circle on your answer sheet for each number. A client is diagnosed with gout. Which foods should the nurse instruct the client to avoidGreen leafy vegetables. 42.The nurse is teaching a group of patient-ca