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1、Chapter 9 Foundations of Group BehaviorChapter 9 Foundations of Group BehaviorMULTIPLE CHOICEMULTIPLE CHOICEDefining and Classifying Groups1.Which one of the following characteristics is not necessarily true about groups?a. Group members are interdependent.b. Groups have two or more members.c. Group
2、s have assigned goals.d. Groups interact.e. Groups have particular objectives.(c; Moderate; Groups; p. 284)(c; Moderate; Groups; p. 284)2.What sort of groups is defined by the organizations structure?a. informalb. taskc. friendshipd. intereste. formal(e; Easy; Formal Groups; p. 284)(e; Easy; Formal
3、Groups; p. 284)3.When do informal groups appear?a. in response to the need for social contactb. in reaction to formal groupsc. as a result of social needsd. most frequently in bureaucraciese. when formal groups cannot meet their goals(a; Moderate; Informal Groups; p. 284)(a; Moderate; Informal Group
4、s; p. 284)4.Julia, Bree, and David work in different departments but often eat lunch together. They are anexample of what type of group?a. formalb. informalc. commandd. taske. reactant(b; Easy; Informal Groups; p. 284) AACSB: Analytic Skills(b; Easy; Informal Groups; p. 284) AACSB: Analytic Skills5.
5、Which of the following statements is true?a. All task groups are also command groups.b. All command groups are also task groups.c. All task groups are also friendship groups.d. All command groups are also informal groups.e. All informal groups are also command groups.(b; Moderate; Command Groups; p.
6、 285)(b; Moderate; Command Groups; p. 285)1706.The group type that is determined by the organization chart is the _ group.a. jobb. workc. authorityd. sociale. command(e; Moderate; Command Groups; p. 284)(e; Moderate; Command Groups; p. 284)7.Which one of the following group types is organizationally
7、 determined?a. jobb. taskc. workd. authoritye. social(b; Moderate; Task Groups; p. 285)(b; Moderate; Task Groups; p. 285)8.Employees who band together to seek improved working conditions form a(n) _ group.a. unionb. supportc. interestd. worke. emancipated(c; Moderate; Interest Groups; p. 285)(c; Mod
8、erate; Interest Groups; p. 285)9.Which of the following statements most accurately describes interest groups?a. They are longer lasting than friendship groups.b. They develop because individual members have one or more common characteristics.c. They are formed because of some common objective.d. The
9、y are governed by labor laws.e. They are likely to involve great social conflict.(c; Moderate; Interest Groups; p. 285)(c; Moderate; Interest Groups; p. 285)10.Groups based on support for a given sports team are examples of what sort of group?a. boosterb. interestc. friendshipd. sportse. miscreant(c
10、; Easy; Friendship Groups; p. 285)(c; Easy; Friendship Groups; p. 285)11.Which of the following is not one of the most common reasons why people join groups?a. securityb. statusc. equityd. powere. goal achievement(c; Moderate; Reasons to Join Groups; p. 285)(c; Moderate; Reasons to Join Groups; p. 2
11、85)171Stages of Group Development12.What are the five stages of group development?a. generation, implementation, construction, production, terminationb. introduction, development, production, deterioration, adjournmentc. initiation, evolution, maturation, degeneration, terminationd. forming, stormin
12、g, norming, performing, adjourninge. acting, reacting, enacting, impacting, acting(d; Moderate; The Five-Stage Model; p. 286)(d; Moderate; The Five-Stage Model; p. 286)13.Which stage in group development is most characterized by uncertainty?a. introductionb. stormingc. formingd. evolutione. norming(
13、c; Moderate; Forming; p. 286)(c; Moderate; Forming; p. 286)14.In the second stage of group development _.a. close relationships are developedb. the group demonstrates cohesivenessc. intragroup conflict often occursd. the job task is performede. groups disband(c; Challenging; Storming; p. 286)(c; Cha
14、llenging; Storming; p. 286)15.After which stage of a groups development is there a relatively clear hierarchy of leadership withinthe group?a. normingb. stormingc. developmentd. evolutione. forming(b; Moderate; Storming; p. 286)(b; Moderate; Storming; p. 286)16.Which is the stage of group developmen
15、t characterized by the development of close relationshipsand cohesiveness?a. bondingb. normingc. performingd. initiatinge. forming(b; Moderate; Norming; p. 286)(b; Moderate; Norming; p. 286)17217.After which stage of a groups development has the group formed a common set of expectationsof member beh
16、aviors?a. normingb. stormingc. maturationd. developmente. forming(a; Easy; Norming; p. 286)(a; Easy; Norming; p. 286)18.When the group energy is focused on the task at hand, the group has moved to the _ stage.a. stormingb. normingc. productiond. maturatione. performing(e; Moderate; Performing; p. 28
17、6)(e; Moderate; Performing; p. 286)19.Temporary groups with deadlines tend to follow the _ model.a. sociometryb. five-stage group developmentc. punctuated equilibriumd. cluster variancee. frantic action(c; Moderate; Punctuated Equilibrium Model; pp. 287-288)(c; Moderate; Punctuated Equilibrium Model
18、; pp. 287-288)20.A temporary task group working under a time-constrained deadline would be expected to behavein which of the following manners?a. forming, then storming, then norming, then performing, and finally adjourningb. exhibit long periods of inertia interspersed with brief revolutionary chan
19、ges triggered by itsmembers awareness of looming deadlinesc. develop plans, assign roles, determine and allocate resources, resolve conflicts, and setnormsd. group energy will move rapidly from getting to know and understand each other to performingthe task at hande. a period of activity where tasks
20、 are set and the bulk of the project is completed, followed by aperiod of inertia where what little work remains is performed(b; Challenging; Punctuated Equilibrium Model; p. 288)(b; Challenging; Punctuated Equilibrium Model; p. 288)21.According to the punctuated equilibrium model, groups tend to ex
21、perience what for the first half ofthe project?a. inertiab. reorganization and redirectionc. mid-life crisisd. markedly accelerated activitye. discord(a; Moderate; Punctuated Equilibrium Model; p. 288)(a; Moderate; Punctuated Equilibrium Model; p. 288)173Group Properties: Roles, Norms, Status, Size,
22、 and Cohesiveness22.Roles, norms, status, and cohesiveness are examples of _.a. structural variablesb. team mechanismsc. static factorsd. team factorse. group properties(e; Easy; Group Properties; p. 289)(e; Easy; Group Properties; p. 289)23.What term is used for a set of expected behavior patterns
23、associated with a particular position ina social unit?a. roleb. role perceptionc. role identityd. role expectatione. identity(a; Easy; Role; p. 289)(a; Easy; Role; p. 289)24.When Judith became a doctor she modeled her manner on her observations of more experienceddoctors, and also on the behavior of
24、 doctors in medical dramas she had enjoyed watching as achild on TV. What is Judith modeling her manner upon?a. the role behaviors of doctorsb. her role perception of doctorsc. the role identity of doctorsd. her role expectation of doctorse. the core role actions of doctors(b; Easy; Role; p. 289) AA
25、CSB: Analytic Skills(b; Easy; Role; p. 289) AACSB: Analytic Skills25.Which of the following is true of role identity?a. Role perception creates the attitudes and actual behaviors consistent with a role.b. People have the ability to shift roles rapidly when the situation requires change.c. There is c
26、onsiderable inertia in role identity after roles are changed.d. Everyone is required to play one specific role in every situation.e. No two people ever agree on what constitutes a role.(b; Moderate; Role Identity; p. 290)(b; Moderate; Role Identity; p. 290)26.Most people assume that a police officer
27、 should behave in a lawful manner, not show anyfavoritism to any particular group, and do their best to uphold the law. What term is used for thiskind of belief?a. a normb. a norm identityc. a role expectationd. a role perceptione. a norm violation(c; Moderate; Role Expectation; p. 290)(c; Moderate;
28、 Role Expectation; p. 290)17427.What term is used for the mutual expectations ofwhat management expects from workers andwhat workers expect from management?a. group normb. role expectationc. role identityd. psychological contracte. reactive goals(d; Moderate; Psychological Contract; p. 290)(d; Moder
29、ate; Psychological Contract; p. 290)28.Zach is devout and very active in his church. He is also a very dedicated employee. His manageroffers him a promotion but the new role will require him to work Sundays. Zach would like thepromotion, but realizes that it would force him to miss some church activ
30、ities. It is likely that Zachis experiencing which of the following?a. role conflictb. role expectationc. role perceptiond. psychological conflicte. cognitive reactance(a; Easy; Role Conflict; p. 290) AACSB: Analytic Skills(a; Easy; Role Conflict; p. 290) AACSB: Analytic Skills29.Which of the follow
31、ing was the major finding of Zimbardos simulated prison experiment?a. Status differences between groups will always result in conflict between those groups.b. Group cohesiveness is so important that individuals will restrain their natural impulses in orderto remain part of the group.c. Individuals c
32、an rapidly assimilate new roles very different from their inherent personalities.d. An individuals emotions and the behavioral responses to those emotions are congruent.e. When given the opportunity, people will tend to act in an oppressive manner to those aroundthem.(c; Moderate; Zimbardos Prison E
33、xperiment; pp. 291(c; Moderate; Zimbardos Prison Experiment; pp. 291-292)-292)30.What term is used for acceptable standards of behavior that are shared by a groups members?a. normsb. rulesc. standardsd. codes of behaviore. explicit contracts(a; Easy; Norms; p. 292)(a; Easy; Norms; p. 292)31.Which is
34、 not a common class of norms appearing in most work groups?a. performanceb. appearancec. in-group statusd. social arrangemente. allocation of resources(c; Easy; Group Norms; p. 292)(c; Easy; Group Norms; p. 292)17532.Which of the following is not an example of a work group norm dealing with performa
35、nce?a. when an employee needs to look busyb. how hard an employee should workc. the appropriate levels of tardinessd. the acceptable level of outpute. the importance of promptness(a; Challenging; Group Norms; p. 292)(a; Challenging; Group Norms; p. 292)33.What norms include things like appropriate d
36、ress and loyalty to the group or organization?a. performanceb. appearancec. social arrangementd. allocation of resourcese. confluence(b; Easy; Group Norms; p. 292)(b; Easy; Group Norms; p. 292)34.Norms that dictate with whom group members eat lunch, friendships on and off the job, and socialgames ar
37、e _ norms.a. appearanceb. social arrangementc. performanced. leisuree. confluence(b; Moderate; Group Norms; p. 292)(b; Moderate; Group Norms; p. 292)35.A local government work-crew cleans up parks and other public spaces. In this crew the dirtiestjobs are generally given to the newest members, while
38、 the more senior members of the crew tendto do little except draw their pay. What is the class of norms that encompasses arrangements likethis?a. performance.b. appearancec. resource allocationd. financial rewardse. confluence(c; Moderate; Group Norms; p. 292) AACSB: Analytic Skills(c; Moderate; Gro
39、up Norms; p. 292) AACSB: Analytic Skills36.Which of the following is not a finding of Elton Mayos Hawthorne studies?a. A workers behavior and sentiments are closely related.b. Group standards are highly effective in establishing individual worker output.c. Money was less a factor in determining work
40、er output than were group standards, sentiments,and security.d. Competition between groups will maximize group output.e. Group influences are significant in affecting individual behavior.(d; Challenging; The Hawthorne Studies; pp. 292-293)(d; Challenging; The Hawthorne Studies; pp. 292-293)17637.Wha
41、t term is used for the process by which an individuals desire for acceptance by the group andthe pressure by the group on individual members to match its standards results in a change inindividual attitudes and behaviors?a. conformityb. coercionc. commitmentd. convergencee. confluence(a; Easy; Confo
42、rmity; p. 295)(a; Easy; Conformity; p. 295)38.The major contribution of the Asch study was to demonstrate the impact of _.a. group pressuresb. seating arrangementsc. convergenced. statuse. cognitive dissonance(a; Moderate; Conformity; p. 295)(a; Moderate; Conformity; p. 295)39.What term is used for
43、antisocial actions by organizational members who voluntarily violateestablished norms and that result in negative consequences for the organization, its members, orboth?a. ethical dilemmasb. deviant workplace behaviorc. abnormal behaviord. discommitment behaviore. reactive affirmation behavior(b; Mo
44、derate; Deviant Workplace Behavior; p. 296)(b; Moderate; Deviant Workplace Behavior; p. 296)40.Sally works as a salesperson in a department store. Whenever a customer asks for an item that isin stock but not on display, she usually tells them that the product is out of stock. “Its a pain goinginto t
45、he stock-room to find an item,” says Sally. “Nobody in my department ever tells a customerthe truth about what is in stock.” This example illustrates which of the following facts about deviantworkplace behavior?a. Deviant workplace behavior will arise when tasks that an employee is supposed to perfo
46、rm areunpleasant or difficult.b. Most workers do not consider lying to a customer be deviant workplace behavior.c. Workers will lie to customers as long as the customers do not complain about it.d. Deviant workplace behavior flourishes where its supported by group norms.e. Groups will come to their
47、own conclusions about what is and isnt appropriate.(d; Challenging; Deviant Workplace Behavior; p. 297) AACSB: Analytic Skills(d; Challenging; Deviant Workplace Behavior; p. 297) AACSB: Analytic Skills41.What term is used for the socially defined position or rank given to groups or group members byo
48、thers?a. regencyb. authorityc. statusd. commande. magnus(c; Moderate; Status; p. 297)(c; Moderate; Status; p. 297)17742.A group is most likely to tolerate deviation from a groups conformity norms by which of thefollowing individuals?a. a high status individual who does not care about the social rewa
49、rds the group providesb. a high status individual who is tightly integratedinto the groups social structurec. a low status individual who has only recently entered the groupd. a low status individual who strongly wishes to integrate within the groupe. a low status individual who is not well regarded
50、 by the rest of the group(a; Moderate; Status; p. 298) AACSB: Analytic Skills(a; Moderate; Status; p. 298) AACSB: Analytic Skills43.Which of the following statements about status is not true?a. Status is an important motivator.b. Possession of personal characteristics that are positively valued by t