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1、The Object Clause宾语从句宾语从句(Revision)Conjunction连接词连接词 thatwho, what, which,whoever,whatever, when, where, how, why等等 if / whetherWord order语序语序Conjunction+Subject+Predicate连接词主语谓语连接词主语谓语Tense时态时态a.a.主句现在时，从句根据句意主句现在时，从句根据句意b.b.主句过去时，从句改成相应的主句过去时，从句改成相应的 过去时过去时注注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在句中无词汇意义，在从句中
2、不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略在口语当中往往省略e.g. 1. I hear (that) _. （一小时后他会回来）2. He said (that) _. （他非常想念我们）3. The teacher told us (that) _. （地球围着太阳转） he will be back in an hour he missed us very much the earth moves around the sun由从属连词由从属连词whether, if 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句e.g. 1. I want to know _. （他是否跟我们一起去公园）2. Ask him _
3、. （他是否能来）3. I dont know _.（是否要下雨） if (whether) he will go to the park with us whether (if) he can come whether it is going to rain or not.由连接代词由连接代词what, whom, whose, which, what及连接及连接副词副词 when, where, how, why引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句1. He asked _. (谁能回答这个问题）2. Do you know_. （他们在等谁）3. He asked _. （谁的书法是班上最好的）
4、5. Do you know _.（地球和月亮，哪一个比较小）6. Please tell me _. （我们什么时候开会）7. Can you tell me _. （他在哪儿）8. Could you tell me _. （我该怎么去车站）9. Would you tell me _（为什么火车迟到了） who could answer the question whom they are waiting for whose handwriting was the best in the class when well have a meeting where he is how I c
5、an get to the station why the train is late特殊宾语从句：特殊宾语从句：1. Im interested in what you are saying.2. Im afraid (that) I have to go now.3. Provided that you had done it, what harm can you see in it?介词后的宾语从句介词后的宾语从句某些形容词后如某些形容词后如afraid, pleased surprised非谓语动词或独立成分后非谓语动词或独立成分后注意：注意： 1.含有疑问词的宾语从句有时可转含有疑问
6、词的宾语从句有时可转变为变为:疑问词疑问词+ to do sth.(主句和从句的主句和从句的主语必须一致主语必须一致)I asked the teacher how I should do it.I asked the teacher how to do it.1. She didnt know which she should choose. she didnt know _ _ _. 2. Tell me where I can find him. Tell me _ _ _ him.3. Please tell us what we should do. Please tell us _
7、 _ _ next.which to choosewhere to findwhat to do 2. that 在句中不充当句子成分常可省略在句中不充当句子成分常可省略,但当从句是并列句时但当从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的第二个分句前的that不能省略。不能省略。如如: We believe (that) he is honest.I told him (that) I would come back soon.He said (that) he would go there the next day and that his family wouldnt go there3、否定转移、否定
8、转移1) 当主语为第一人称谓语动词为当主语为第一人称谓语动词为think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine等动词等动词时变否定要否定转移，即主句的谓语动词用时变否定要否定转移，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。I dont think I know you.我想我并不认识你。我想我并不认识你。I don t believe he will come.我相信他不来。我相信他不来。注意此类宾语从句的反义疑问句。注意此类宾语从句的反义疑问句。I dont think you are right, ?2) 将将se
9、em, appear 等后的从句的否定转移到等后的从句的否定转移到前面。前面。It doesnt seem that they know where to go. 看来他们不知道往哪去。看来他们不知道往哪去。It doesnt appear that well have a sunny day tomorrow.看来我们明天不会碰上好天气看来我们明天不会碰上好天气。 4、 it常可以放在动词think, find, consider, believe, feel, make等后作为形式宾语, 而真正的宾语从句则放在it后。 We heard it that she would get marr
10、ied next month.5.只能用whether不能用if的情况1）whether.or not结构中结构中2）介词后）介词后3）to do sth.前前1. His first question was _ Mr. Smith had arrived or not.2. I dont know _ there will be a bus.3. I really dont know _ you should depend on if you dont depend on your parents.用适当的词填空，使下列宾语从句和表用适当的词填空，使下列宾语从句和表语从句意思完整。语从句意
11、思完整。whetherif / whetherwhom / who4. He didnt tell me _ he would come back from Shanghai next time.5. Let me know _ train youll be arriving on.6. Can you work out _ much we will spend during the trip?7. Make sure _ there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.when whichhowthat8. We th
12、ink it necessary _ we take plenty of hot water every day.9. Tom is very lazy. That is _ he didnt pass the exam.10. This is _ we found the strange trees.11. My idea is _ we should all do our best to do everything well.thatwhywhere / howthatWhats the date today? He asks meHe asks me what the date is t
13、oday.Did he buy any food yesterday? She asksShe asks if/whether he bought any food yesterday.My brother will go to America. I know I know that my brother will go to America. 1. What will I do next? I havent decided I havent decided _.2. Did you see him off yesterday? I want to know. I want to know _
14、.3. Who has got the first prize? Please tell me. Please tell me_.what I will do nextif you saw him off yesterdaywho has got the first prize1. I know (that) he _ (join) the League in 1985.2. I see that they _ (play) football over there now.3. Tell me where he _ (live).4.I hear that he_ (come) tomorro
15、w.joinedare playingliveswill come一一般般现现在时在时一一般般将将来时来时一一般般过过去时去时现现在在完完成时成时现现在在进进行时行时一一般般过过去时去时过过去去将将来时来时过过去去完完成时成时过过去去完完成时成时过过去去进进行时行时1. 1. 从句表达的是客观真理，从句表达的是客观真理，2 2Could(Would) youCould(Would) youThe teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.Could you tell me who he is?Light travels faste
16、r than sound. ( The teacher told us .)who is he? (Could you tell me.)用一般现在时用一般现在时表示语气婉转表示语气婉转He often goes sightseeing on holiday.Jack told me (that) he often went sightseeing on holiday. Jack told me.改为宾语从句改为宾语从句改为宾语从句改为宾语从句Will Miss Li be in charge of our class?The students wondered. The students
17、wondered if Miss Li would be in charge of our class. 改为宾语从句改为宾语从句What did Father Christmas put in his stocking?He didnt say He didnt say what Father Christmas had put in his stocking.改为宾语从句改为宾语从句We soon learnedThey are having a picnic at nine oclock in the morning.We soon learned they were having a
18、picnic at nine oclock in the morning.4. The boy asked his mother, “Does the earth turn round the sun?” The boy asked his mother _ the earth _ around the sun.5. Jacks mother asked him, “Have you packed your thing?” Jacks mother asked him _ he _ packed his thingif/whetherturnsif/whetherhad直接引语变间接引语与宾语
19、从句的关系直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系陈述句变为that引导的宾语从句e.g. 1. He said, “You are younger than I ”. 2. He says, “Tom is a good student ”. He said that I was younger than him. He says that Tom is a good student. 直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系一般疑问句变为if (whether)引导的宾语从句e.g. 1. She said, “ Do you often come here to r
20、ead newspaper? ”2. “Will they go to visit the Great Wall?” he asked. She asked if (whether) I often came here to read newspaper. He asked if (whether) they would go visit the Great Wall. 直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系特殊疑问句变为特殊疑问句变为who, what, when等引导的宾语从句等引导的宾语从句e.g. 1. He asked, “Where do you li
21、ve?” 2. “How can we get to the post-office?” he asked. He asked where I lived. He asked how they could get to the post-office. 1. The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow. (be)2. The headmaster hopes everything _ well. (go)3. Tom says that they _ (play) basketball at six oclock yesterday evening. 4. I he
22、ar they _ (return) it already. 5. He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948. (be)6. He asked what they _ at eight last night. (do)7. The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound. (travel)8. I think you _ about the relay race now. (talk)9. I didnt know whom the letters _ from.
23、(be) will be goes were playing have returned had been travels are talking were were doing10. I didnt know what time he _ the letter. (write)11. Miss Wang told me that the earth _(move) round the earth. 12. Could you tell me who _ away the book already? (take)13. Ling Fen told me he _ to Beijing seve
24、ral times. (be)14. Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the east. (rise)15. Can you tell me what they _ yesterday? (do) wrote moves has taken has been risesdid7. “When will he come back?” Tom asked. 8. “How can I get to the station?” Could you tell me?9. “Why is the train late?” Would you tell me?10. “Where is Tom?” They asked. Tom asked when he would come back.Could you tell me how I can get to the station?Would you tell me why the train is late?They asked where Tom was.