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1、2021年美国护士资格认证(CGFNS)考试真题卷本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.The nurse is developing a discharge plan for a client who had cataract removal. Which of the following should be included in the discharge planA. Wear cataract glasses that correct vision by magnifyi
2、ng objects.B. Wear corrective glasses or contact lenses.C. Wear glasses only until the eye heals.D. Relearn to judge distances accurately. 2.Mrs. S with preterm labor will be under Terbutaline (Brethine) therapy. Before beginning the therapy, which of the following assessments would be most importan
3、tA. Estimated fetal size.B. Maternal heart rate.C. Contraction intensity.D. Deep tendon reflexes. 3.The nurse is planning a genetic counseling with the parents of a child with Down syndrome, which of the following would the nurse include as the primary role of the genetic team when working with a fa
4、milyA. Preparing the parents psychologically for the birth of a defective child.B. Prescribing birth control or abortion measures for the parents as needed.C. Providing parents with information about the risks of birth defects.D. Reporting the findings of chromosome analysis of the amniotic cells. 4
5、.Which of the following interventions would be most helpful in preventing pressure ulcer formation in at-risk clientA. Massaging reddened areas on the sacrum.B. Ensuring a generous fluid intake.C. Repositioning every hour.D. Providing a low protein diet. 5.The nurse uses 30 mL of solution to irrigat
6、e a nasogastric tube and notes that 20 mL returns promptly into the drainage container. When the nurse records the results of the irrigation, how much solution should be recorded as intakeA. 10mL.B. 20mL.C. 30mL.D. 50mL. 6.While managing the separation anxiety during hospitalization for a two-year-o
7、ld boy, which of the following suggestions would be most helpful to the parentsA. Tell the child the time they are leaving and returning.B. Bring the childs favorite toys from home.C. Leave while the child is sleeping.D. Keep the visit time short. 7.The mother of a child with flat feet asks the nurs
8、e why her child needs to wear corrective shoes. Which of the following is the most appropriate reason that the child needs to wear corrective shoesA. Preventing the development of internal tibial torsion.B. Strengthening the arches of the feet.C. Keeping the legs in proper alignment.D. Delaying the
9、development of femoral anteversion. 8.A 14-month-old child returns from surgery for undescended testicle, and his postanesthesia recovery period is uneventful. When planning for the childs discharge, which of the following goals would the nurse expect to emphasize to the parentsA. Absence of redness
10、 or swelling at the incision site.B. Intake clear liquids well within 24 hours.C. Passage of normal bowel movement within 24 hours.D. Ability to ambulate after 48 hours. 9.Which of the following nursing diagnoses would be most appropriate when teaching the mother of a toddlerA. Activity intolerance.
11、B. Risk for injury.C. Delayed growth and development.D. Impaired mobility. 10.A client is prescribed Gentamycin (Garamycin) IV to treat infection. It is important to monitor the client for the development of which of the following side effects from the medicationA. Ascites.B. Confusion.C. Ototoxicit
12、y.D. Cardiac dysrhythmias. 11.A 34-year-old multigravida is admitted in 36 weeks gestation in active labor with diagnosis of Rh sensitization. The fetus is in a frank breech presentation. The clients membranes rupture spontaneously, and the nurse documents the color of the fluid as yellowish. Which
13、of the following can explain the yellowish fluidA. Amniotic fluid embolism.B. Oligohydramnios.C. Rh sensitization.D. Abnormal presentation. 12.An infant is admitted to the hospital because of having frequent diarrheal stools with acute rotaviral infection. The nurse notes 40 to 60 bowel sounds per m
14、inute. The child has poor skin turgor, and the mucous membranes are dry. The nurse would make a nursing diagnosis of Deficient fluid volume related toA. insufficient antidiuretic hormone.B. inability to metabolize nutrients.C. decreased gastric emptying.D. increased gastrointestinal motility. 13.Whi
15、ch of the following symptoms would the nurse most likely observe in a client with cholecystitis from cholelithiasisA. Black stools.B. Decreased white blood cell count.C. Nausea after ingestion of high-fat foods.D. Elevated temperature of 103F(39.4). 14.Pancrelipase (Viokase), an enzyme replacement,
16、has been prescribed for a client with chronic pancreatitis. The nurse evaluates the clients understanding of how to take this drug. Which of the following statements indicates the client has adequate knowledgeA. The enzyme mixture should be taken after each meal. B. The enzyme mixture should be stor
17、ed in the refrigerator to keep it fresh. C. I should be careful not to inhale the powder when mixing it with food. D. I should chew the capsule thoroughly. 15.A community nurse is performing a physical assessment on an 18-month-old child. Which of the following would be bestA. Carry out the assessme
18、nt from head to toe.B. Assess motor function by having the child run and walk.C. Have the mother hold the toddler on her lap.D. Assess the respiratory and cardiac systems first. 16.The nurse is instructing an unlicensed assistant on how to collect a urine specimen from an indwelling catheter. Which
19、of the following statements indicates that the assistant understands the instructionsA. I will empty the catheter drainage bag, have the client drink some water, and an hour later collect the urine that drains into the bag. B. I will get a sterile syringe and remove urine from the catheter through t
20、he collection port to place in the specimen container. C. I should collect urine from the catheter drainage bag at the end of the shift and place it in the specimen container. D. I will disconnect the drainage tube from the catheter and let urine run from the catheter into the specimen container. 17
21、.As the nurse helps the client prepare for discharge, the client says, You know, Ive been in lots of hospitals and I know when Im sick enough to be there. Im not that sick now. You dont need to worry about me. Which of the following would be the most therapeutic response by the nurseA. Were concerne
22、d about you. How can we help you before you leaveB. We could have helped you more if you had told us more. C. Is there any information you need before you leave the hospitalD. Okay, you know best. 18.When instructing the client with severe burns about proper nutrition, the nurse would encourage him
23、to eat which of the following mealsA. Chicken breast, salad, iced tea.B. Roast beef sandwich, milkshake, cottage cheese.C. Hamburger, orange, coffee.D. Pasta salad, carrots, iced te 19.The nurse administers a preoperative intramuscular medication at the ventrogluteal site. The nurse will inject the
24、medication into which muscleA. Rectus femoris.B. Gluteus maximus.C. Gluteus minimus.D. Vastus lateralis. 20.Which part on the wave deflection corresponds to ventricular muscle repolarization in the following ECG graph （）A. AB. BC. CD. D21.The development of laryngeal cancer is most clearly linked to
25、 which of the following factorsA. High-fat, low-fiber diet.B. Alcohol and tobacco use.C. Low socioeconomic status.D. Overuse of artificial sweeteners. 22.While caring for the client with a burn injury, the nurse should observe for signs and symptoms of which complication believed to be due primarily
26、 to hypersecretion of gastric acidA. Paralytic ileus.B. Gastric distention.C. Hiatal hernia.D. Gastrointestinal ulceration. 23.Antipsyehotie medications may cause which of the following adverse effectsA. Increased production of insulin.B. Lower seizure threshold.C. Increased coagulation time.D. Incr
27、eased risk of heart failur 24.Assertive behavior involves which of the following elementsA. Expressing an air of superiority.B. Saying what is on your mind at the expense of others.C. Avoiding unpleasant situations and circumstances.D. Standing up for your rights while respecting the rights of other
28、s. 25.A 10-month-old girl with bronchitis is taken out of the 30% oxygen tent for breakfast because she refuses to eat unless in a high chair. During the feeding, the nurse notes that the childs respiratory rate has increased, she is becoming more irritable, and she is using accessory muscles to bre
29、athe. Which of the following should be the nurses first actionA. Perform postural drainage then complete the feeding.B. Suction the childs nose with a bulb syringe.C. Discontinue the feeding and place the child back in the tent.D. Assess the pulse rate and respirations and notify the physician. 26.T
30、he parents of a 3-year-old boy call the clinic to report chickenpox. When teaching the parents about how to care for the lesions, the nurse would advise which of the followingA. Soak in a hot tub for 30 minutes three times a day.B. Take an antihistamine and use calamine lotion on the lesions.C. Take
31、 acetaminophen and use an antibiotic ointment on the lesions.D. Remove lesions crusts as they form. 27.While suctioning a clients laryngectomy tube, the nurse should insert the catheterA. about 1 to 2 inches.B. as the client exhales.C. until resistance is met, then withdraw it 1 to 2 cm.D. until the
32、 client begins coughin 28.The nurse is assessing a client with an ileal conduit. She notes that the clients urinary appliance contains pale yellow urine with large amounts of mucus. How would the nurse best interpret these dataA. These findings are normal for the client.B. There is irritation of the
33、 stoma.C. The client is developing an infection of the urinary tract.D. The mucus is caused by elevated levels of glucose in the urin 29.Which of the following nursing interventions is most important postoperatively for an infant who has received a ventriculoperitoneal shuntA. Monitoring intake and
34、output.B. Allowing the infant to rest undisturbed.C. Providing age-appropriate diversionary activities.D. Initiating oral feedings. 30.Which of the following techniques is appropriate for irrigating an adult clients ear to move cerumenA. After instilling the solution, pack the ear canal tightly with
35、 cotton pledgets.B. Allow the irrigating solution to run down the wall of the ear canal.C. The irrigating solution should be cool.D. Use sterile solution and equipment. 31.The nurse instructs the female client concerning hormone replacement therapy for menopausal symptoms. Which of the following poi
36、nts should the nurse include in the clients teaching planA. Estrogen therapy eliminates the need for supplemental calcium intake.B. Estrogen therapy can reduce the risk of menopausal bone loss.C. The risk of uterine cancer is decreased after menopause.D. Smoking is associated with a later onset of m
37、enopaus 32.A mother of an ill child tells the nurse that her child isnt eating well. Which of the following strategies devised by the mother to help increase the childs intake is not appropriateA. Asking the child to say why he is not eating.B. Telling the child he must eat or else he will not get b
38、etter.C. Allowing the child to choose his meals from an acceptable list of foods.D. Letting the child to substitute items on his tray for other nutritious foods. 33.Linda is a 19-year-old primipara who delivered a viable male neonate 2 hours ago. She has decided to breast-feed. Her 22-year-old husba
39、nd supports her decision. She tells the nurse, My mother breast-fed all of her children, but Im going to need lots of help with breastfeeding. Im worried that I wont be able to do this. Which of the following should the nurse include when assessing the clientA. Determine the clients level of motivat
40、ion to breast-feed.B. Perform a complete physical examination to determine her need for help.C. Assess her body-to-fat ratio and nutritional status before beginning breast-feeding.D. Ask the client if she has read any literature about breast-feedin 34.At an outpatient clinic, a client asks the nurse
41、 how she can prepare for pregnancy. Which of the following responses by the nurse would be bestA. Begin an iron supplement of 100 mg daily. B. Supplement your diet with 400 meg of folio acid. C. Avoid raw eggs and cats until conception. D. Receive immunization against toxoplasmosis. 35.Which of the
42、following denotes the primary reason that the nurse inserts an indwelling urinary (Foley) catheter in a child with severe burnsA. Monitoring for a urinary tract infection.B. Measuring urine output accurately.C. Preventing urinary retention.D. Assessing urine specific gravity. 36.The client with a lu
43、mbar laminectomy asks to be turned onto his side. What should the nurse doA. Inform the client that because of his laminectomy, he may only lie supine.B. Ask the client to help by using an overhead trapeze to turn himself.C. Turn the clients shoulders first, followed by his hips and legs.D. Get anot
44、her nurse to help log roll the client into position. 37.One-year-old Susan, the second child to have sickle cell disease in a family of five children, is admitted to the hospital with sickle cell crisis. When preparing the plan of care for her, which of the following treatments would the nurse most
45、likely expect to include in the planA. Intravenous fluid therapy.B. Fast-acting anticoagulant therapy.C. Parenteral iron therapy.D. Exchange transfusion. 38.An unconscious client has been admitted with a head injury. Which of the following nursing diagnoses would receive the greatest priority in the
46、 plan of careA. Disturbed sensory perception related to decreased level of consciousness.B. Ineffective airway clearance related to inability to remove respiratory secretions.C. Impaired gas exchange related to shallow irregular breathing.D. Risk for injury related to disorientation and decreased level of consciousness. 39.When developing a teaching plan for the mother of a child diagnosed with spastic cerebral palsy, which of the following descriptions would the nurse includeA. Wide-based gait