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1、2021福建公共英语考试模拟卷（1）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.Labor force is defined as being the total number of people who are available to work and earn income. This definition includes everyone who is employed or seeking paid employment, so it includes employees a
2、nd the self-employed. Labor is one of the countrys resources which can be combined with other resources to produce the goods and services required by the community. Though the size of the workforce relies greatly on the size of the total population, there are several other aspects which also affect
3、it. The age distribution of the total population has a very marked effect on the available workforce. If the population has a high proportion of very young people or of those too old to work, then the available workforce would be lower than if there were an evenly spread age distribution. If the pop
4、ulation grows rapidly from natural increase, i. e. the number of births greatly exceeds the number of deaths, then as a total population increases, the proportion in the workforce declines. Sometimes a population is described as aging, which means that the birth rate is either falling or growing ver
5、y slowly, and as people retire from the workforce, there are inadequate numbers of young people entering it to take place of those who are leaving it. The population is top-heavy with older people. So the percentage of the population in the workforce declines when there is either a rapid increase in
6、 births or a falling birth rate. The age distribution of the population has several important influences on the economy. If the population is aging and there is an increase in the number of people retiring without a corresponding increase in the number entering the workforce, this raises the problem
7、 of the ability of the economy to provide a reasonable level of social services to the retired group. If the aged are to be cared for in special homes or hotels, finance must be available for that purpose. If the size of the workforce is small relative to the total population, then the government ta
8、x receipts are relatively low and either the government has less money available to it or the workforce members have to be taxed more heavily.The factor which does NOT influence the size of the workforce is_.Athe size of populationBage distribution of the populationCnational economyDnatural increase
9、 2.What can we assume from this conversationAThe man is a judge.BIt s an interviewer.CThe man agrees with the woman.DThe man believes that Jack will quit his job. 3.For most of us, dieting is a frustrating fact of life. With so much conflicting nutritional information about, it can be difficult to t
10、ell which weight-loss strategies really work. Lets start by discounting these confusing myths. 1. All calories are created equal What you eat, not how much, is the main factor behind weight gain, according to research. Calories from fat pack on the pounds. The reason: during digestion, the body bums
11、 many more calories metabolizing protein and carbohydrates than it does metabolizing fat. 2. Desserts are taboo Cakes, pies and ice cream can sensibly be worked into a diet, the expert says. Moderation is the key. Cut down on other meals if you11 be eating out at a restaurant known for its rich swee
12、ts. Or indulge, but take only a few bites. 3. Fast foods are forbidden A plain hamburger on a bun is still a healthful choice. So is grilled chicken or a green salad with low-cal dressing. But watch out for French fries, milkshakes and batter-dipped chicken or fish. 4. Fasting is the fastest diet So
13、me studies suggest that drastically reducing calorie intake switches the body into a starvation mode, which conserves calories and decreases your metabolic rate. The more frequently you deprive yourself of food, the better your body may get at storing calories. So, in the long run, repeated fasting
14、may actually undermine your weight-loss efforts. 5. To keep weight off, simply watch what you eat According to experts, exercise combined with dieting ensures weight loss better than dieting alone does. Experts also agree that sticking with regular, moderate exercise is more important that occasiona
15、l vigorous workouts are. Obesity-researcher Kelly Brownell encourages patients to make a series of small physical efforts: taking the stairs instead of the elevator and parking the car far from where you are going and walking. Most important, before getting caught up in dietary myths, let good sense
16、 shape your eating habits. Your body will thank you for it.One of the elements to gain weight is_.Athe amount of the food you eatBover sleepingClazinessDthe kind of food you eat 4.A special lab at the University of Chicago is busy only (26) It is a dream (27) where researchers are at work (28) dream
17、ers. Their findings have concluded that (29) dreams from three to seven times each night, (30) in ordinary life a person may (31) none or only one of his dreams. While the (32) sleep, special machines (33) their brain waves and eye movements as well as the body movements that (34) the end of a dream
18、. Surprisingly, all subjects (35) soundly. (36) say that a person usually fidgets(烦躁) before a dream. (37) the dream has started, his body relaxes and his eyes (38) more active, as if the curtain (39) on a show. When the machine (40) that the dream is over, a buzzer wakes the (41) . He sits up, reco
19、rds his dream, and goes back to sleepperhaps to (42) some more. Researchers have found that if the dreamer, is (43) immediately after his dream, he can usually recall the entire dream. If he is allowed to sleep even (44) his (45) of the dream will have faded. That s why most people have many dreams
20、at night, but forget most of them in the morning.AmillBlaboratoryChospitalDclassroom 5.It was fifteen past nine as Marie hurried into the office building where she was going to work. Her bus had inched along through heavy morning traffic, making her a few minutes late for her very first job. She dec
21、ided to start out half an hour earlier the next day. Once inside the lobby, she had to stand at the elevators and wait several minutes before she could get on one going to the sixth floor. When she finally reached the office marked Smith Enterprises, she knocked at the door nervously and waited. The
22、re was no reply. She tapped on the door again, but still there was no answer. From inside the next office, she could hear the sound of voices, so she opened the door and went in. Although she was sure it was the same office she had been in two weeks before when she had the interview with Mr. Smith,
23、it looked quite different now. In fact, it hardly looked like an office at all. The employees were just standing around chatting and smoking. In the front of the room, somebody must have just told a good joke, she thought, because there was a loud burst of laughter as she came in. For a moment she h
24、ad thought they were laughing at her. Then one of the men looked at his watch, clapped his hands and said something to the others. Quickly they all went to their desks and, in a matter of seconds, everyone was hard at work. No one paid any attention to Made. Finally she went up to the man who was si
25、tting at the desk nearest to the door and explained that this was her first day in the office. Hardly looking up from his work, he told her to have a seat and wait for Mr. Smith, who would arrive at any moment. Then Made realized that the days work in the office began just before Mr. Smith arrived.
26、Later she found out that he lived in Connecticut and came into Manhattan on the same train every morning, arriving in the office at 9:35,so that his staff knew exactly when to start working.The people in the office suddenly started working because_.Athey saw a stranger in the officeBtheir morning br
27、eak was endedCno one wanted to talk to MadeDthe boss was about to arrive 6. Questions 2225 are based on the following monologue on smoking.What do experts suggest people to doATo buy cigarettes with less tar.BTo smoke only a few cigarettes a day.CTo smoke only during a break.DTo give up smoking. 7.L
28、abor force is defined as being the total number of people who are available to work and earn income. This definition includes everyone who is employed or seeking paid employment, so it includes employees and the self-employed. Labor is one of the countrys resources which can be combined with other r
29、esources to produce the goods and services required by the community. Though the size of the workforce relies greatly on the size of the total population, there are several other aspects which also affect it. The age distribution of the total population has a very marked effect on the available work
30、force. If the population has a high proportion of very young people or of those too old to work, then the available workforce would be lower than if there were an evenly spread age distribution. If the population grows rapidly from natural increase, i. e. the number of births greatly exceeds the num
31、ber of deaths, then as a total population increases, the proportion in the workforce declines. Sometimes a population is described as aging, which means that the birth rate is either falling or growing very slowly, and as people retire from the workforce, there are inadequate numbers of young people
32、 entering it to take place of those who are leaving it. The population is top-heavy with older people. So the percentage of the population in the workforce declines when there is either a rapid increase in births or a falling birth rate. The age distribution of the population has several important i
33、nfluences on the economy. If the population is aging and there is an increase in the number of people retiring without a corresponding increase in the number entering the workforce, this raises the problem of the ability of the economy to provide a reasonable level of social services to the retired
34、group. If the aged are to be cared for in special homes or hotels, finance must be available for that purpose. If the size of the workforce is small relative to the total population, then the government tax receipts are relatively low and either the government has less money available to it or the w
35、orkforce members have to be taxed more heavily.The conclusion which can be drawn safely from the second paragraph is that_.Aa population growth from natural increase leads to a greater proportion of the workforceBa large population does not necessarily mean a higher proportion of workforceCthe large
36、r the number of the aged in a population, the higher the proportion of the workforceDif the population has an evenly spreaded age distribution, the workforce will be lower 8.A special lab at the University of Chicago is busy only (26) It is a dream (27) where researchers are at work (28) dreamers. T
37、heir findings have concluded that (29) dreams from three to seven times each night, (30) in ordinary life a person may (31) none or only one of his dreams. While the (32) sleep, special machines (33) their brain waves and eye movements as well as the body movements that (34) the end of a dream. Surp
38、risingly, all subjects (35) soundly. (36) say that a person usually fidgets(烦躁) before a dream. (37) the dream has started, his body relaxes and his eyes (38) more active, as if the curtain (39) on a show. When the machine (40) that the dream is over, a buzzer wakes the (41) . He sits up, records hi
39、s dream, and goes back to sleepperhaps to (42) some more. Researchers have found that if the dreamer, is (43) immediately after his dream, he can usually recall the entire dream. If he is allowed to sleep even (44) his (45) of the dream will have faded. That s why most people have many dreams at nig
40、ht, but forget most of them in the morning.AstudyingBstudiedCto studyDhaving studied 9.For most of us, dieting is a frustrating fact of life. With so much conflicting nutritional information about, it can be difficult to tell which weight-loss strategies really work. Lets start by discounting these
41、confusing myths. 1. All calories are created equal What you eat, not how much, is the main factor behind weight gain, according to research. Calories from fat pack on the pounds. The reason: during digestion, the body bums many more calories metabolizing protein and carbohydrates than it does metabo
42、lizing fat. 2. Desserts are taboo Cakes, pies and ice cream can sensibly be worked into a diet, the expert says. Moderation is the key. Cut down on other meals if you11 be eating out at a restaurant known for its rich sweets. Or indulge, but take only a few bites. 3. Fast foods are forbidden A plain
43、 hamburger on a bun is still a healthful choice. So is grilled chicken or a green salad with low-cal dressing. But watch out for French fries, milkshakes and batter-dipped chicken or fish. 4. Fasting is the fastest diet Some studies suggest that drastically reducing calorie intake switches the body
44、into a starvation mode, which conserves calories and decreases your metabolic rate. The more frequently you deprive yourself of food, the better your body may get at storing calories. So, in the long run, repeated fasting may actually undermine your weight-loss efforts. 5. To keep weight off, simply
45、 watch what you eat According to experts, exercise combined with dieting ensures weight loss better than dieting alone does. Experts also agree that sticking with regular, moderate exercise is more important that occasional vigorous workouts are. Obesity-researcher Kelly Brownell encourages patients
46、 to make a series of small physical efforts: taking the stairs instead of the elevator and parking the car far from where you are going and walking. Most important, before getting caught up in dietary myths, let good sense shape your eating habits. Your body will thank you for it.Which of the follow
47、ing saying is tree about dietingAYou cant eat sweets.BFast foods are not good.CYou should not neglect any meals.DFasting is always helpful. 10.It was fifteen past nine as Marie hurried into the office building where she was going to work. Her bus had inched along through heavy morning traffic, makin
48、g her a few minutes late for her very first job. She decided to start out half an hour earlier the next day. Once inside the lobby, she had to stand at the elevators and wait several minutes before she could get on one going to the sixth floor. When she finally reached the office marked Smith Enterprises, she knocked at t