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1、英语教学课件英语教研组英语教研组phonetic symbol1.什么是国际音标？什么是国际音标？ 由于英语的拼写形式和读音有很大由于英语的拼写形式和读音有很大的的分歧分歧, 所以无法完全根据字母来读音。所以无法完全根据字母来读音。 为了精确地学习和掌握语音为了精确地学习和掌握语音, 就要借就要借助一种注音手段来弥补这一缺陷助一种注音手段来弥补这一缺陷, 于是便于是便产生了一定数量的精确记录语音的符号，产生了一定数量的精确记录语音的符号，叫做叫做“音符音符”(Phonetic symbols)。国际音标（旧称万国音符）是国际国际音标（旧称万国音符）是国际语音学协会（语音学协会（IPA - In
2、ternational Phonetic Association) 于于1888年拟定的一年拟定的一套为各国语言注音的语音符号。我们这里所套为各国语言注音的语音符号。我们这里所说的国际音标是专门为英语注音的那一部分说的国际音标是专门为英语注音的那一部分标音符号。目前我国通用的国际音标共有标音符号。目前我国通用的国际音标共有48个个, 其中其中, 元音音标元音音标20个，辅音音标个，辅音音标28个。个。 英语元音英语元音 (English vowels) 英语元音音素共英语元音音素共2020个。分单元音个。分单元音和双元音两大类。和双元音两大类。a. 前元音：前元音：/ i: /, / i /,
3、 / e /, / /b. 后元音：后元音：/ :/, / /, / :/, / u /, / u: /, /c. 中元音：中元音： / : /, / /a. 合口双元音：合口双元音：/ ei /, / u /, / ai /, / au /, /i/b. 集中双元音：集中双元音：/ i /, / /, / u /单元音的分类单元音的分类双元音的分类双元音的分类a.爆破音爆破音 / p /, / b /, / t, / d /, / k /, / / b.摩擦音摩擦音 / f /，/ v /，/，/ /，/ s /，/ z / , /，/，/ h /, / r /c.破擦音破擦音 / t/，/
4、d /，/tr/，/dr/，/ts/，/dz/ d.鼻音鼻音 /m/ , /n/, / e.旁流音（舌侧音）旁流音（舌侧音） / l /f.半元音半元音 / w /, / j / 英语辅音英语辅音 (English consonants) (共共28个）个）i:eme we he equal sceneee see indeed breeze succeedeaeat beat neat real defeatieyield piece field believe发发 音音 规规 则则eiseize receive ceiling ipolice ski machine eopeopleey
5、keyi: iit fit pig miss kiss fill picnic ycity pretty busy sixty epretty English Englandee coffee committee i eymoney valley iecarried worried ladies avillageo women i ubusyuibuild guilt coffee committee i echeck enter gentle accept easpread bread weather iefrienda any many e aisaid ay says u bury Be
6、tter late than never.(迟做总比不做好迟做总比不做好)Better to do well than to say well .(口说不口说不如实干如实干) e a cat map fat hat mad back gas catch match fact happy marry stamp act adapt attractive national Catch that mad black cat Thank you for the stampapass glass demand advance ararm garden smart harmful auaunt laugh
7、ear heart:earheart alcalm half:A large army marched past the farmyardIts hard to see any stars in the dark sky ocome compass government ooflood blood usun adult culture customoutouch trouble couple double awsaw law draw oraccording force born corn oabroad boardou bought brought course cough o: autau
8、ght caught naught fault oodoor floor alall ball talk small walkore more store before exploreo:oremore store before explore arwar warm warn awater salt also false o: ooffer block college possible oucoughow knowledgeo a soft song / a coffee shop / cost a lot The clock is stopped , its not long Lost ti
9、me is never found againo owho do lose movementoofool spoon cool tooth choose urude pollution June revolutionaryew threwu:ueblue cruelty true oeshoe uifruit ruin juice Who said the soup was too cool? As a rule , the skies are blue in June u:uput push pull helpful bush bullet careful owoman wolf lose
10、whoseoogood wood book woolen footballoul could should would u pretty English England u He looks like a good cook I took my book and looked at it as long as I could aagree ahead admire attend adventurearcalendar polareranother order gathero method Europe secondeorlabor behavior actor doctorour colo(u
11、)r ou famous ur surprise surviveurefeature LecturemeasureMy younger brother is a doctorGive me some butter and sugarWe will have a get-together after supperurturn fur church furniture furtherorword worth worst workourjourneyir bird birthday thirsty stire:erserve emergency deserted determineearearth
12、heard search atake case behave able latest aiwait rain train raise grainaymay way play stayea break greateieieight neighbor reigneythey greyei inice like wife advice wise tidy high fight bright ei height ymy by why type try satisfy fryuy buyai ono home notice bone devote hero oaroad boat coat coacho
13、usoul shoulder though althoughow know bowl slow low flow follow owe ouloud house shout south outer mouth about owaunow how town tower元音字母在重读开音节或重读相对开音节中读元音字母元音字母在重读开音节或重读相对开音节中读元音字母本身的音：本身的音： 元音字母元音字母 读音读音 例词例词 读音读音 a /ei/ a /ei/ e /i:/ me /mi:/ I /ai/ I /ai/ o / no /n/ u /ju:/ cue /kju:/ 小小 结结 元音字母
14、在重读闭音节中的常用读音：元音字母在重读闭音节中的常用读音： 元音字母元音字母 读音读音 例词例词 读音读音a / man /mn/ e /e/ men /men/ I /i/ bit /bit/ o / hot /ht/ u /u/ put /put/ a /i/ village /e/ any many / catch match fact happy marry /a:/ pass glass demand advance / what wash swallow want watch / agree ahead admire attend /ei/ take make table cas
15、e behave able latest ai /e/ said /ei/ wait rain train raise grain ar / arm garden march smart harmful / war warm warn / calendar polar / area vary various au /a:/ aunt laugh / taught caught naught fault ay /e/ says /ei/ may way play stay e /i:/ me we he equal scene /i/ pretty English England /e/ egg
16、 effect check enter never gentle accept ee /i:/ see indeed breeze succeed /i/ coffee committee ea /i:/ eat beat neat real defeat /e/ spread / idea real realize /ei/ break great eer / beer cheer deer career ear /a:/ heart / ear near clear fear hear / bear tear wear / earth heard search ei /i:/ seize
17、receive ceiling /ei/ eight neighbor reign i /i:/ police ski machine /i/ it fit pig miss kiss fill picnic /ai/ nice like wife advice dive prize wise tidy igh /ai/ high night ir / / bird first birthday ie /i:/ yield piece field believe /i/ carried worried ladies /e/ friend o /i/ women / copy offer blo
18、ck college possible /u/ woman wolf /u:/ who do lose dove movement / come compass government / method Europe second / notice bone devote hero host oo / door /u/ good wood book woolen football /u:/ fool spoon cool tooth choose / flood blood ou / cough / bought brought course / touch trouble couple dou
19、ble / famous / loud house shout south outer mouth about / tour tourist / soul shoulder though although oa / broad board / road boat coat coach ow / knowledge / / know bowl slow low flow follow / / now how town tower u /i/ busy /e/ bury /u/ push pull helpful bullet careful /u:/ rude June revolutionar
20、y pollution / sun adult culture custom ui /u:/ fruit juice /i/ build guilt ue /u:/ blue cruelty true ur / turn church furniture further / surprise survive / fury jury assurance c /k/ cap cat care case class /s/ centre city cinema civil cycle bicycle / ocean social special ch /k/ chemistry character
21、/ machine / choose choice each lunch much such d /d/ degree include trade introduce dark / soldier g /g/ give gold gun gate guide beg / age general gentle large s /s/ send since loose against least /z/ is as cause noise please praise goes plays says houses knives / sure sugar Asia / measure usual pleasure treasure ss /s/ miss pass across /z/ dessert / pressure permission t / nation action pronunciation / feature future gesture picture lecture nature question Goodbye英语教研组英语教研组Thank you for your attention!曲靖市第二高级中学