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1、2021天津大学英语考试真题卷（7）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.BPassage 1/B Almost every family buys at least one copy of a newspaper every day. Some people subscribe(订阅) to as many as two or three newspapers. But why do people read newspapers Five hundred years ago, n
2、ews of important happenings - battles lost and won, kings or rulers overthrown(推翻)or killed took months and even years to travel from one country to another. The news passed by word of mouth and was never accurate. Today we can read in our newspapers of important events that occur in far away countr
3、ies on the some day they happen. Apart from supplying news from all over the world, newspapers give us a lot of other useful information. There are weather reports, radio, television and film guides, book reviews, stories and, of course, advertisements. (76) UThe bigger ones are put in by large comp
4、anies to bring attention to their products. /UThey pay the newspapers thousands of dollars for the advertising space, but it is worth the money, for news of their products goes into almost every home in the country. For those who produce newspapers, advertisements are also very important. Money earn
5、ed from advertisements makes it possible for them to sell their newspapers at a low price and still make a profit. (77) UNewspapers often have information on gardening, cooking and fashion, as well as a small but very popular section on jokes and cartoons(漫画). /UA few hundred years ago news did not
6、_. Areceive attentionBtravel fastCtravel slowlyDspread to other countries 2.BPassage 3/B The atmosphere is all the air surrounding the earth. Without it, we would be forced to seek shelter from the sun, as there would be no atmosphere to protect us from the suns deadly rays. Large and powerful, the
7、atmosphere consists of an ocean of gases hundreds of miles high. It presses down on our bodies with a force of more than fourteen pounds per square inch. The narrow column of air which rests upon our shoulders weighs almost 2000 pounds. But our bodies are built in such a way that this weight does no
8、t crush(压碎)us. In this huge ocean of air there is more energy than in all the coal, oil, and gas we have on earth. Electrical energy is collected in the atmosphere as water is collected and stored in a dam. The existence of electricity in the air has been known for centuries. But a thorough study of
9、 electricity in the atmosphere was not possible until the development of radio and radar. One scientist, Dr. Sydney Chapman, has tried to explain the electric field which surrounds the earth. He believes that great storms on the sun create large mounts of electric energy. This energy is contained in
10、 a very light gas called hydrogen. The earth pulls the gas toward it, and a ring is formed around the earth several thousand feet above its surface. The great space ring is a powerful current of electrical energy. Sometimes the ring comes down and curves into the lower atmosphere, causing strange el
11、ectrical effects. His idea explains many things. It has long been known that there is an electric field inside the earth. It moves in much the same manner as the electric energy contained in the atmosphere. Scientists now believe that the electric energy in the atmosphere causes the electric energy
12、inside the earth to flow. If we can learn to control the energy in the atmosphere, we will have an unending supply of energy. Many scientists are trying to learn how to control it. In the meantime, even those of us who are not scientists have begun to pay attention to air. We realize that air does n
13、ot contain the same elements that it contained years age. Automobiles, airplanes, factories, and atomic explosions have added dust and waste gases to the atmosphere, It is time to learn how to protect our atmosphere, the roof over the world of man.We know the atmosphere as _. Athe total amount of ox
14、ygen over the earthBmixture of gases surrounding the earthCa source of stormsDthe diffusion of waste gas 3. Its interesting how little most of US know about our ancestors or about the history of our family. If you U(56) /U to be nobility(贵族), the history of your family is U (57) /U well U (58) /U .
15、But few of us have any such U (59) /U. I first became U (60) /U in my own family history four or five years ago when my mother U (61) /Ume some photographs which I had never seen before- U (62) /U photos of uncles and aunts, great - uncles and great - aunts and grandparents, all U (63) /U when they
16、were young. I immediately wanted to try to U (64) /U my family U (65) /U back as U (66) /U as I could, and decided to start U (67) /U the photos. First of all I had to rely completely on my mothers memory for names, the ages of people in the photos, the year the photos U (68) /U have been taken, and
17、 so on. Then after that, I wanted her to fill in for me details of U (69) /U members of the family who werent in the photos. Again, she was able to U (70) /U quite a lot of information. The U (71) /U step was to go and consult (查阅)public records of births, marriages and deaths. U (72) /U , reading s
18、uch information in old record books might be pretty boring - unless you re a historian, but its a very different matter when you re looking U (73) /U something about your own ancestors. Its fascinating to discover that one of your grandfathers-the one that you thought had U (74) /U his whole life on
19、 a farm in the south of England had U (75) /U gone and lived in the USA for some five years when he was a young man back in the 1890s! AdetermineBhappenCtryDprefer 4.BPassage 2/B Believe it or not, optical illusion(错觉)can cut highway crashes. (78) UJapan is a case in point. /U(79) UIt has reduced au
20、tomobile crashes on some roads by nearly 75 percent using a simple optical illusion. /UBent stripes, called chevrons(人字形), painted on the roads make drivers think that they are driving faster than they really are, and thus drivers slow down. Now the American Automobile Association Foundation for Tra
21、ffic Safety in Washington D.C. is planning to repeat Japans success. Starting next year, the foundation will paint chevrons and other patterns of stripes on selected roads around the country to test how well the patterns reduce highway crashes. (80) UExcessive speed plays a major role in as much as
22、one fifth of all fatal traffic accidents, according to the foundation./U To help reduce those accidents, the foundation will conduct its tests in areas where speed - related hazards are the greatest-curves, exit slopes, traffic circles, and bridges. Some studies suggest that straight, horizontal bar
23、s painted across roads can initially cut the average speed of drivers in half. However, traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bars. Chevrons, scientists say, not only give drivers the impression that they are driving faster than they really ar
24、e but also make a lane appear to be narrower. The result is a longer lasting reduction in highway speed and the number of traffic accidents.The main point of the passage is _. Aa new way of highway speed controlBa new approach to training driversCa new pattern for painting highwaysDa new type of opt
25、ical illusion 5. Its interesting how little most of US know about our ancestors or about the history of our family. If you U(56) /U to be nobility(贵族), the history of your family is U (57) /U well U (58) /U . But few of us have any such U (59) /U. I first became U (60) /U in my own family history fo
26、ur or five years ago when my mother U (61) /Ume some photographs which I had never seen before- U (62) /U photos of uncles and aunts, great - uncles and great - aunts and grandparents, all U (63) /U when they were young. I immediately wanted to try to U (64) /U my family U (65) /U back as U (66) /U
27、as I could, and decided to start U (67) /U the photos. First of all I had to rely completely on my mothers memory for names, the ages of people in the photos, the year the photos U (68) /U have been taken, and so on. Then after that, I wanted her to fill in for me details of U (69) /U members of the
28、 family who werent in the photos. Again, she was able to U (70) /U quite a lot of information. The U (71) /U step was to go and consult (查阅)public records of births, marriages and deaths. U (72) /U , reading such information in old record books might be pretty boring - unless you re a historian, but
29、 its a very different matter when you re looking U (73) /U something about your own ancestors. Its fascinating to discover that one of your grandfathers-the one that you thought had U (74) /U his whole life on a farm in the south of England had U (75) /U gone and lived in the USA for some five years
30、 when he was a young man back in the 1890s! AalwaysBrepeatedlyCsometimesDseldom 6.BPassage 3/B The atmosphere is all the air surrounding the earth. Without it, we would be forced to seek shelter from the sun, as there would be no atmosphere to protect us from the suns deadly rays. Large and powerful
31、, the atmosphere consists of an ocean of gases hundreds of miles high. It presses down on our bodies with a force of more than fourteen pounds per square inch. The narrow column of air which rests upon our shoulders weighs almost 2000 pounds. But our bodies are built in such a way that this weight d
32、oes not crush(压碎)us. In this huge ocean of air there is more energy than in all the coal, oil, and gas we have on earth. Electrical energy is collected in the atmosphere as water is collected and stored in a dam. The existence of electricity in the air has been known for centuries. But a thorough st
33、udy of electricity in the atmosphere was not possible until the development of radio and radar. One scientist, Dr. Sydney Chapman, has tried to explain the electric field which surrounds the earth. He believes that great storms on the sun create large mounts of electric energy. This energy is contai
34、ned in a very light gas called hydrogen. The earth pulls the gas toward it, and a ring is formed around the earth several thousand feet above its surface. The great space ring is a powerful current of electrical energy. Sometimes the ring comes down and curves into the lower atmosphere, causing stra
35、nge electrical effects. His idea explains many things. It has long been known that there is an electric field inside the earth. It moves in much the same manner as the electric energy contained in the atmosphere. Scientists now believe that the electric energy in the atmosphere causes the electric e
36、nergy inside the earth to flow. If we can learn to control the energy in the atmosphere, we will have an unending supply of energy. Many scientists are trying to learn how to control it. In the meantime, even those of us who are not scientists have begun to pay attention to air. We realize that air
37、does not contain the same elements that it contained years age. Automobiles, airplanes, factories, and atomic explosions have added dust and waste gases to the atmosphere, It is time to learn how to protect our atmosphere, the roof over the world of man.All of the following are true Except _. Athe a
38、tmosphere is important to none.Ba great deal of damage from the suns deadly rays would be done to us, if there were no atmosphere.Cthe atmosphere, as the author described, is the roof under which man can live safely on Earth.Delectricity in the atmosphere is being studied from every aspect. 7.BPassa
39、ge 2/B Believe it or not, optical illusion(错觉)can cut highway crashes. (78) UJapan is a case in point. /U(79) UIt has reduced automobile crashes on some roads by nearly 75 percent using a simple optical illusion. /UBent stripes, called chevrons(人字形), painted on the roads make drivers think that they
40、 are driving faster than they really are, and thus drivers slow down. Now the American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety in Washington D.C. is planning to repeat Japans success. Starting next year, the foundation will paint chevrons and other patterns of stripes on selected roads
41、around the country to test how well the patterns reduce highway crashes. (80) UExcessive speed plays a major role in as much as one fifth of all fatal traffic accidents, according to the foundation./U To help reduce those accidents, the foundation will conduct its tests in areas where speed - relate
42、d hazards are the greatest-curves, exit slopes, traffic circles, and bridges. Some studies suggest that straight, horizontal bars painted across roads can initially cut the average speed of drivers in half. However, traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers become used to seeing t
43、he painted bars. Chevrons, scientists say, not only give drivers the impression that they are driving faster than they really are but also make a lane appear to be narrower. The result is a longer lasting reduction in highway speed and the number of traffic accidents.On roads painted with chevrons,
44、drivers tend to feel that _. Athey axe driving in the wrong laneBthey should avoid speed- related hazardsCthey should slow down their speedDthey are approaching the speed limit 8.BPassage 1/B Almost every family buys at least one copy of a newspaper every day. Some people subscribe(订阅) to as many as
45、 two or three newspapers. But why do people read newspapers Five hundred years ago, news of important happenings - battles lost and won, kings or rulers overthrown(推翻)or killed took months and even years to travel from one country to another. The news passed by word of mouth and was never accurate.
46、Today we can read in our newspapers of important events that occur in far away countries on the some day they happen. Apart from supplying news from all over the world, newspapers give us a lot of other useful information. There are weather reports, radio, television and film guides, book reviews, stories and, of course, advertisements. (76) UThe bigger ones are put in by large companies to bring attention to their products. /UThey pay the newspapers thousands of dollars for the advertising space, but it is worth the money, for news o