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1、2021天津大学英语考试模拟卷（1）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.AThey may have to obey certain housing rules.BA deposit may be required to rent an apartment.CApartment are very limited on campus.DThey
2、have to do the housework themselves. 2.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.AA change in the status of educated.BA change inthe nature of reading.CAn increase in the number of books.DAn increase in the average age of readers. 3.Questions 11 to 18 are based on
3、the conversation you have just heard.ABecause they have some financial problems.BBecause they will be much rain in May.CBecause they wont have free time in May.DBecause they cant have everything got ready by then. 4.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.ATenants neednt
4、 maintain the house.BTenants can cook in the apartments.CTenants have freedom to select their roommates.DTenants are free to do anything that they like. 5.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.AThe importance of silent reading.BThe information yielded by books
5、and newspapers.CThe effects of healthy reading.DThe value of different types of reading habits developed. 6.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.ABecause it is so luminous.BBecause it is broad.CBecause it is where the Heaven is.DBecause it is so remote from us.
6、7.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.ABecause of the technology progress.BBecause of the computer revolution.CBecause of the invention of computer.DBecause of microwave ovens. 8.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.AShe requests
7、 the man not to call her again.BShe requests the man to call her in a few days.CShe requests to change a salesman.DShe requests a cheaper price for what the man offers. 9.Questions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.AShe will play basketball.BShe will go to see sick Lily.CShe
8、 will go swimming.DShe will play volleyball. 10.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.AEarn money to pay the rent.BBuy furniture for the apartments.CSign a housing contract.DEarn money to buy a car. 11.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have j
9、ust heard.AExplain how present-day reading habits developed.BChange peoples attitudes to readingCShow how reading methods have been improved.DEncourage the growth of reading. 12.Questions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.AHe thinks it is a pity that there is a flaw on it.BH
10、e thinks it is a good bargain but it could be much cheaper.CHe thinks it is a real bargain because the flaw is hardly noticeable.DHe thinks the woman should show it to her friends. 13.Basically, there are three types of fatigue, physical, pathological (由疾病引起的), and psychological. As you might suspec
11、t, each differs significantly from the others. When you exercise your body you produce waste products. Muscles, for example, discard lactic acid (乳酸) into the blood; cells dump in carbon dioxide. When these wastes reach a certain level in the blood, the brain is notified and your activity level drop
12、s. Excess wastes in the muscles may produce soreness. If the blood of a physically fatigued animal is injected into a rested animal, it will produce fatigue. The solution to this type of fatigue is simple-rest. That should revive you; if it doesnt, another cause should be sought. Have you ever becom
13、e involved in so many activities that you had to be in two places at once This is what happens when your body has a disease. The cells are overtaxed and cannot keep up with both fighting the disease and keeping you active. The result is fatigue. Some communicable diseases like the flu and colds are
14、notorious for draining your energy. Other non-communicable diseases, like anemia (贫血), drain you because you are lacking an important body ingredient. Being overweight can cause pathological fatigue. It should be obvious that this type of fatigue is not going to go away without treatment. In a way,
15、pathological fatigue is a lifesaver. It lets you know something is wrong and that you need rest. Even a poor diet can produce pathological fatigue. Frequently, people who go on crash diets develop pathological fatigue, and if the diet is not improved, they may do physical harm to their bodies. Here
16、is the most common type of fatigue. Almost everybody experiences it now and then. Often, the cause is an emotional war you arc waging with yourself or those around you. Some of these familiar factors can bring on psychological fatigue: worries, stress, lack of exercise, boredom, depression. If you k
17、now someone with psychological fatigue, would you advise him to rest No way! That might be fine for our other types of fatigue, but for this one, its deadly. If you are ever going to be able to cope with stress, depression, or worry, you need oxygen in your cells and a more optimistic attitude. Get
18、out of the chair and do something! Believe it or not, many people throw themselves into physical labor like cleaning or carpentry to defatigue themselves. If you find yourself in a particularly stressful situation that you cant physically escape, escape mentally. When fatigue continues, maybe you ne
19、ed to get to the root of the problem.The topic for this passage is _.Athe problems of insomniaBtypes of fatigueCthe dangers of fatigueDpeoples need for rest 14.Its a brand new world-a world built around brands. Hard-charging, noise-making, culture-shaping brands are everywhere. Theyre on supermarket
20、 shelves, of course, but also in business plans for network company startups and in the names of sports complexes. Brands are infiltrating (渗透) peoples everyday lives-by sticking their logos on clothes, in concert programs, on subway station walls, even in elementary school classrooms. We live in an
21、 age in which CBS newscasters wear Nike jackets on the air, in which Burger King and McDonalds open kiosks(小亭) in elementary school lunchrooms. But as brands reach (and then overreach) into every aspects of our lives, the companies behind them invite more questions, deeper scrutiny-and an inevitable
22、 backlash by consumers. Our intellectual lives and our public spaces are being taken over by marketing-and that has real implications for citizenships says author and activists Naomi Klien. Its important for any healthy culture to have public space-a place where people are treated as citizens instea
23、d of as consumers. Weve completely lost that space. Since the mid-1980s, as more and more companies have shifted from being about products to being about ideas. Starbucks isnt selling coffee; Its selling community! Those companies have poured more and more resources into marketing campaigns. To pay
24、for those campaigns, those same companies figured out ways to cut costs elsewhere, for example, by using contract labor at home and low-wage labor in developing countries. Contract laborers are hired on a temporary, per-assignment basis, and employers have no obligation to provide any benefits (such
25、 as health insurance) or long-term job security. This saves companies money but obviously puts workers in vulnerable situations. In the United States, contract labor has given rise to so-called McJobs, which employers and workers alike pretend are temporary-even though these jobs are usually held by
26、 adults who are trying to support families. The massive expansion of marketing campaigns in the 1980s coincided with the reduction of government spending for schools and for museums. This made those institutions much too willing, even eager, to partner with private companies. But companies took adva
27、ntage of the needs of those institutions, reaching too far, and overwhelming the civic space with their marketing agendas.How can brands infiltrate peoples daily lifeABy having their logos printed in people clothes.BBy having their brands reaching in primary schools.CBy finding means to put their pr
28、oducts on supermarket shelves.DBy putting relative information of their products on public places. 15.Human sympathy (62) whales is only natural of all the creatures in the sea. (63) are closer relatives to us than these warm-blooded mammals. And how they got into the sea is one of the most fascinat
29、ing stories of (64) Most authorities believe that 60 million years ago ancestors of modern whales were four-legged, wolf-size animals living on the sea shores, (65) an abundance of fish and shrimp tempted them to try wading. (63) 10 to 15 million years, their bodies grew, forelegs shrank into flippe
30、rs used for balance and steering and hind legs disappeared. As a result of some amazing transformations, they are now helpless on land. If stranded on a beach, they can barely breathe. With abundant (67) of food, whales grew into the largest creatures that lived, (68) larger than dinosaurs. A blue w
31、hale can grow to 100 feet. Its tongue is ten feet thick and heavier than an elephant. Some arteries are big enough for a child to swim (69) . The half-ton heart has walls two feet thick and pumps eight tons of blood. (70) its size comes awesome strength. A blue whale swimming (71) 15 knots generates
32、 1 000 horsepower. (72) their size, these giants move at a good speed. An 18-ton whale can even (73) 12 m. p. h., over short distances. A whale can (74) to 9 000 pounds of food a day. The worlds biggest creature (75) itself almost entirely on shrimp-like krill smaller than a persons thumb. Maternal
33、instincts are also (76) . Because a calf is born underwater, the mother must get it to the surface before it (77) Often another whale will help. The mother pushes it gently (78) the baby is confident with its swimming-usually after about 30 minutes. If the calf is (79) , she may support it on her ba
34、ck until it gradually rots away. Like all mammals, whale babies (80) mothers milk. And the milk is more than 30-percent fat, over 10-percent protein, and the babies grow extremely fast. A blue whale calf lengthens (81) two inches a day and gains an average seven pounds per hour.AwithBtoCforDin 16.Qu
35、estions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.AIt will be sunny.BIt will be very cold.CIt will be windy.DIt will be rainy. 17.Its a brand new world-a world built around brands. Hard-charging, noise-making, culture-shaping brands are everywhere. Theyre on supermarket shelves, of
36、course, but also in business plans for network company startups and in the names of sports complexes. Brands are infiltrating (渗透) peoples everyday lives-by sticking their logos on clothes, in concert programs, on subway station walls, even in elementary school classrooms. We live in an age in which
37、 CBS newscasters wear Nike jackets on the air, in which Burger King and McDonalds open kiosks(小亭) in elementary school lunchrooms. But as brands reach (and then overreach) into every aspects of our lives, the companies behind them invite more questions, deeper scrutiny-and an inevitable backlash by
38、consumers. Our intellectual lives and our public spaces are being taken over by marketing-and that has real implications for citizenships says author and activists Naomi Klien. Its important for any healthy culture to have public space-a place where people are treated as citizens instead of as consu
39、mers. Weve completely lost that space. Since the mid-1980s, as more and more companies have shifted from being about products to being about ideas. Starbucks isnt selling coffee; Its selling community! Those companies have poured more and more resources into marketing campaigns. To pay for those cam
40、paigns, those same companies figured out ways to cut costs elsewhere, for example, by using contract labor at home and low-wage labor in developing countries. Contract laborers are hired on a temporary, per-assignment basis, and employers have no obligation to provide any benefits (such as health in
41、surance) or long-term job security. This saves companies money but obviously puts workers in vulnerable situations. In the United States, contract labor has given rise to so-called McJobs, which employers and workers alike pretend are temporary-even though these jobs are usually held by adults who a
42、re trying to support families. The massive expansion of marketing campaigns in the 1980s coincided with the reduction of government spending for schools and for museums. This made those institutions much too willing, even eager, to partner with private companies. But companies took advantage of the
43、needs of those institutions, reaching too far, and overwhelming the civic space with their marketing agendas.What does that (Line. 1, Para. 3 ) refer toAOur intellectual lives and our public spaces.BMarketing.CCitizenship.DHealthy culture. 18.Basically, there are three types of fatigue, physical, pa
44、thological (由疾病引起的), and psychological. As you might suspect, each differs significantly from the others. When you exercise your body you produce waste products. Muscles, for example, discard lactic acid (乳酸) into the blood; cells dump in carbon dioxide. When these wastes reach a certain level in th
45、e blood, the brain is notified and your activity level drops. Excess wastes in the muscles may produce soreness. If the blood of a physically fatigued animal is injected into a rested animal, it will produce fatigue. The solution to this type of fatigue is simple-rest. That should revive you; if it
46、doesnt, another cause should be sought. Have you ever become involved in so many activities that you had to be in two places at once This is what happens when your body has a disease. The cells are overtaxed and cannot keep up with both fighting the disease and keeping you active. The result is fati
47、gue. Some communicable diseases like the flu and colds are notorious for draining your energy. Other non-communicable diseases, like anemia (贫血), drain you because you are lacking an important body ingredient. Being overweight can cause pathological fatigue. It should be obvious that this type of fatigue is not going to go away without treatment. In a way, pathological fatigue is a lifesaver. It lets you know something is wrong and that you need rest. Even a poor diet can produce pathological fatigu