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1、2021年大学英语考试真题卷（3）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.IQuestions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the conversation./IWhat is wrong about the diffic
2、ulty these Chinese encounteredAThey were blamed for working for lower wages and taking jobs away from white men.BAnti-Chinese riots broke out everywhere.CChinese were barred from using the courts.DThey were barred from becoming American citizens. 2.IQuestions 8 to 10 are based on the following conve
3、rsation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the conversation./IWhen will you be likely to be stolen fromAWhen you are walking fast.BWhen you look confused.CWhen you hide your wallet in a pouch underneath clothing.DWhen you are acting wi
4、th a purpose. 3.IQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the passage./IHow do you understand the phrase an invasion of privacy according to the passageAAn unpleasant conversation.BA challenge
5、 to interviewees professional skills.CAn interference with interviewees personal affairs.DAn interference with interviewees hobby. 4.The World Bank is seeking_ million dollars for the reconstruction of East Timor.A100B200C300D350 5.IQuestions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the en
6、d of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the conversation./IWhen was the immigration of Chinese laborers stoppedA1882.B1883.C1884.D1885. 6.IQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds
7、to answer the questions.Now listen to the passage./IWhy are computerized systems acceptable and helpfulAThey can play games with us.BThey can make money.CThey can spot patterns of criminal behavior.DThey can issue credit cards. 7.Japans aid will be donated through a fund set up by_.Athe WTOBthe Worl
8、d BankCthe UNDthe World Bank and the UN 8.IQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the passage./IWhat is one of the advantages of the personal interviewingAIt is very interesting.BIt is very
9、exciting.CIt is somewhat truthful.DIt is somewhat superficial. 9.BTEXT B/B George had stolen some money, but the police had caught him and he had been put in prison. Now his trial was about to begin, and he felt sure that he would be found guilty and sent to prison for a long time. Then he discovere
10、d that an old friend of his was one of the members of the jury at his trial. Of course, he did not tell anybody, but he managed to see his friend secretly one day. He said to him, Jim, I know that the jury will find me guilty of having stolen the money. I cannot hope to be found not guilty of taking
11、 it that would be too much to expect. But I should be grateful to you for the rest of my life if you could persuade the other members of the jury to add a strong recommendation for mercy to their statement that they consider me guilty. Well, George, answered Jim, I shall certainly try to do what I c
12、an for you as an old friend, but of course I cannot promise anything. The other eleven people on the jury look terribly strong-minded to me. George said that he would quite understand if Jim was not able to do anything for him and thanked him warmly for agreeing to help. The trial went on, and at la
13、st the time came for the jury to decide whether George was guilty or not. It took them five hours, but in the end they found George guilty, with a strong recommendation for mercy. Of course, George was very pleased, but he did not have a chance to see Jim for some time after the trial. At last, howe
14、ver, Jim visited him in prison, and George thanked him warmly and asked him how he had managed to persuade the other members of the jury to recommend mercy. Well, George, Jim answered, as I thought, those eleven men were very difficult to persuade, but I managed in the end by tiring them out. Do you
15、 know, those fools had all wanted to find you not guilty! We are told that George expected Jim to help_Aprove him innocentBhim turns over a new leafClighten his punishmentDhim escapes from prison 10.In its 13 years, the London Marathon has acquired a pedigree of excellence. That excellence is not ju
16、st the awesome energy of the best runners and the smoothness of the organization, but also the quality of determination shown by all the competitors, male and female, able-bodied and disabled. When more than 26,000 gather at Greenwich tomorrow morning, only a few will be in the running to win the bi
17、g prize money. The success of this event is that most of the athletes would be prepared to pay serious money just for the privilege of running the 26 miles 385 yards to The Mall past the most famous urban scenery in the world. The London Marathon has become one of Britains leading sports events. Sin
18、ce 1981, something like 45 million has been raised in individual sponsorship for charities. Tomorrow hundreds of thousands of people will line the route to cheer and to gasp in sympathetic participation. Millions will watch on television. Although they will be excited by the struggle for first place
19、, they will also identify with the ordinary person trying to fulfill his or her physical potential. Many spectators will wonder whether next year they could complete the historic distance. That is how athletic dreams are born. If the London Marathon and the growth in interest in physical fitness hav
20、e transformed the lives of many adults, it is also important that children should have the opportunity to fulfill their ability in individual competitive sports. Team games should be an essential ingredient of physical education in the national curriculum. However, coexisting with the playing of tea
21、m games there should be an equal emphasis on the importance of individual competitive sports at all levels in schools. The Government must be careful that in insisting on the value of team games in schools, it does not ignore the value of individual activities, which are practiced throughout the wor
22、ld and form the basis of the Olympic Games. Many of the runners in the London Marathon tomorrow have found courage, fulfillment and fitness through training for the event. These are qualities that schoolchildren can, and should, acquire through a variety of demanding individual activities in physica
23、l education.In order to enter the Marathon, participants must_.Apay an entrance feeBassemble in one specific areaCbe able to run 26 miles, 385 yardsDcompete for the right to take part 11.BTEXT A/B Not content with its doubtful claim to produce cheap food for our own population, the factor, farming i
24、ndustry also argues that hungry nations are benefiting from advances made by the poultry (家禽) industry . In fact, rather than helping the fight against malnutrition(营养不良) in hungry nations, the spread of factory farming has, inevitably aggravated the problem. Large-scale intensive meat and poultry p
25、roduction is a waste of food resources. This is because more protein has to be fed to animals in the form of vegetable matter than can ever be recovered in the form of meat. Much of the food value is lost in the animal s process of digestion and cell replacement. Neither, in the case of chicken, can
26、 one eat feathers, blood, feet or head. In all, only about 44% of the live animal fits to be eaten as meat. This means one has to feed approximately 9 - 10 times as much food value to the animal than one can consume from the carcass. As a system for feeding the hungry, the effects can prove disastro
27、us. At times of crisis, grain is the food of life. Nevertheless, the huge increase in poultry production throughout Asia and Africa continues. Normally British Or US firms are involved. For instance, an American based multinational company has this year announced its involvement in projects in sever
28、al African countries. Britain s largest suppliers chickens, Ross Breeders, are also involved in projects all over the world. Because such trade is good for exports, Western governments encourage it. In 1979, a firm in Bangladesh called Phoenix Poultry received a grant to set up a unit of 6,000 chick
29、ens and 18,000 laying hens. This almost doubled the number of poultry kept in the country all at once. But Bangladesh lacks capital, energy and food and has large numbers of unemployed. Such chicken-raising demands capital for building and machinery, extensive use of energy resources for automation,
30、 and involves feeding chickens with potential famine-relief protein food. At present, one of Bangladeshs main imports is food grains, because the country is unable to grow enough food to feed its population. On what then can they possibly feed the chicken In this passage the author argues that_.Aeff
31、iciency must be raised in the poultry industryBraising poultry can provide more protein than growing grainCfactory farming will do more harm than good to developing countriesDhungry nations may benefit from the development of the poultry industry 12.BTEXT D/B Researchers have established that when p
32、eople are mentally engaged, biochemical changes occur in the brain that allow it to act more effectively areas such as attention and memory. This is true regardless of age. People will be alert and receptive if they are faced with information that gets them to think about things they are interested
33、in. And someone with a history of doing more rather than less will go into old age more cognitively sound than someone who has not had an active mind. Many experts are so convinced of the benefits of challenging the brain that they are putting the theory to work in their own lives. The idea is not n
34、ecessarily to learn to memorize enormous amounts of information, says James Fazard, associate director of the National Institute on Aging. Most of us dont need that kind of skill. Such specific training is of less interest than being able to maintain mental alertness. Fozard and others say they chal
35、lenge their brains with different mental skills, both because they enjoy them and because they are sure that their range of activities will help the way their brains work. Gene Cohen, acting director of the same institute, suggests that people in their old age should engage in mental and physical ac
36、tivities individually as well as in groups. Cohen says that we are frequently advised to keep physically active as we age, but older people need to keep mentally active as well. Those who do are more likely to maintain their intellectual abilities and to be generally happier and better adjusted. The
37、 point is, you need to do both, Cohen says. Intellectual activity actually influences brain-cell health and size. People who are cognitively healthy are those_.Awhose minds are alert and receptiveBwho are highly intelligentCwho can remember large amounts of informationDwho are good at recognizing di
38、fferent sounds 13.BTEXT E/B Taste is such a subjective matter that we dont usually conduct preference tests for food. The most you can say about anyones is that its one persons opinion. But because the two big cola companies- ocaCola and Pepsi Cola-are marketed so aggressively, were wondered how big
39、 a role taste preference actually plays in brand loyalty. We set up a taste test that challenged people who identified themselves as either CocaCola Or Pepsi fans: Find your brand in a blind tasting. We invited staff volunteers who had a strong liking for either C0caCola Classic or Pepsi, Diet Coke,
40、 or Diet Pepsi. These were people who thought theyd have no trouble telling their brand from the other brand. We eventually located 19 regular cola drinkers and 27 diet cola drinkers. Then we fed them four unidentified samples of cola one at a time, regular colas for the one group, diet versions for
41、 the other. We asked them to tell us whether each sample was Coke or Pepsi; then we analyzed the records statistically to compare the participants choices with what mere guesswork could have accomplished. Getting ail four samples right was a tough test, but not too though, for people who believed th
42、ey could recognize their brand. In the end, only 7 out of 19 regular cola drinkers correctly identified theft brand of choice in all four trials. The diet cola drinkers did a little worse - only 7 out of 27 identified all four samples correctly. While both groups did better than chance would predict
43、, nearly half the participants in each group made the wrong choice two or more times. Two people got all four samples wrong. Overall, half the participants did about as well on the last round of tasting as on the first, so fatigue, or taste burnout, was not a factor. Our preference test results sugg
44、est that only a few Pepsi participants and Coke fans may really be able to tell their favorite brand by taste and price. According to the passage the preference test was conducted in order to_.Afind out the role taste preference plays in a person s drinkingBreveal which cola is more to the liking of
45、 the drinkersCshow that a person s opinion about taste is mere guessworkDcompare the ability of the participants in choosing their drinks 14.BTEXT F/B Sociology is defined as the study of human groups. In the broadest sense, sociology is concerned with understanding patterns of human relationships,
46、their causes and their effects. Unlike psychology, sociology does not attempt to explain the behavior of a particular individual under certain circumstances. Rather, sociology focuses on social trends or other influences that affect whole groups or categories of people. Thus, while a psychologist mi
47、ght counsel an individual who feels worthless after retiring from a long and successful career, a sociologist would be more likely to examine societal attitudes that may contribute to the loss of self-esteem experienced by many retired persons in our society. The emphasis that sociology places on human groups rather than individuals stems directly from the work of Emile Durkheim, a pioneering sociologist of the nineteenth century. Durkheim likened the nature of a social group to bronze,