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1、2021年大学英语考试真题卷（2）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.Every so often, late at night, David Woodland steals away to the den of his home in Aberdeen, Washington, so that he can check stock prices on the Internet.Mr. Woodland, a 78-year-old retired insurance sales
2、man, delights at how with the click of a mouse, he can tap into the facts and fortunes of Wall Street. If I get a bright idea late at night, Mr. Woodland said, I go into the office, fire up the computer and put a buy or sell order in.While online trading is popularly regarded as the province of any
3、traders in their 20s and 30s, jumping in and out of the market to make quick profits, it is now being invaded by millions of people like Mr. Woodlandsenior investors who bring much larger accounts and more stability to this fast-growing corner of the markets.The low cost of doing business onlinenow
4、as little as $7 a tradeand the excitement of riding a bull market are the lures (诱惑) for many older investorsjust as they are for the young. They are dismissing their full-service brokers, who offer research and advice but often charge more than $100 a trade, and instead are picking their own stocks
5、, after downloading companies’ annual reports and other research basics.These things are incredible tools, now in the hands of an individual investor, said Carol Ports, 56, a retired crafts designer in Santa Barbara, California. There’s no reason for me to have financial advisers. I am v
6、ery analytical, and I like to get involved in research.According to a survey this fall of 630 people over 50 by Charles Schwab Co., many older investors say the Internet has made them more confident about their investments and more willing to trust their own judgment. But such confidence may also ca
7、use some to gamble away their retirement nest eggs, financial experts warn. If stocks enter a bear market, it could prove disastrous for retirees, who are so dependent on their savings.The elderly investors no longer employed the stock brokers mainly because（）A. the brokers can’t give the inve
8、stors advice useful enoughB. the brokers charge too high a fee for their serviceC. the brokers are not so analytical as the investorsD. the brokers are not as helpful as the Internet2.In the 1960s, medical researchers Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe developed a checklist of stressful events. They app
9、reciated the tricky point that any major change can be stressful. Negative events like serious illness of a family member were high on the list, but so were some positive life-changing events, like marriage. When you take the Holmes-Rahe test you must remember that the score does not reflect how you
10、 deal with stressit only shows how much you have to deal with. And we now know that the way you handle these events dramatically affects your chances of staying healthy.By the early 1970s, hundreds of similar studies had followed Holmes and Rahe. And millions of Americans who work and live under str
11、ess worried over the reports. Somehow, the research got boiled down to a memorable message. Women’s magazines ran headlines like Stress causes illness! If you want to stay physically and mentally healthy, the articles said, avoid stressful events.But such simplistic advice is impossible to fol
12、low. Even if stressful events are dangerous, manylike the death of a loved oneare impossible to avoid. Moreover, any warning to avoid all stressful events is a prescription (处方) for staying away from opportunities as well as trouble. Since any change can be stressful, a person who wanted to be compl
13、etely free of stress would never marry, have a child, take a new job or move.The notion that all stress makes you sick also ignores a lot of what we know about people. It assumes we’re all vulnerable (脆弱的) and passive in the face of adversity (逆境). But what about human initiative and creativit
14、y Many come through periods of stress with more physical and mental vigor than they had before. We also know that a long time without change or challenge can lead to boredom, and physical and mental strain.Why is such simplistic advice (Line 1, Para. 3) impossible to follow（）A. No one can stay on th
15、e same job for long.B. No prescription is effective in relieving stress.C. People have to get married someday.D. You could be missing opportunities as well.3.In a step that should help make the Internet safer for consumers, anti-virus giant Symantec on Wednesday will introduce a protection system de
16、signed to anticipate new ill-meaning programs that try to steal onto your computer. For decades, anti-virus protection has worked by reacting to new ill-meaning programs. Researchers rush to identify bad code, then create and distribute filters for it. But cybercriminals have got so fast at escaping
17、 the latest filters that protection often comes too late. Symantecs new system, called Quorum, continuously predicts whether any new program that attempts to run on your PC is good or bad. It then takes steps to isolate the bad code. Were closing a major gap the bad guys have been using to deliver t
18、heir ill-meaning software, says Rowan Trollope, senior vice president of consumer products. Symantec becomes the fourth major anti-virus firmand the largestto add predictive capabilities to traditional reactive anti-virus systems. Since February, McAfee, Panda Security and Trend Micro have introduce
19、d similar predictive technologies. Computer infectious most often spread when a PC user clicks on an altered Web link that arrives in an e-mall or social-network message, or appears in search results for questions on Google, Bing and Yahoo Search. Whats more, millions of lawful Web pagesunknowingly
20、altered by hackerscan also infect a PC during a page visit. Cybercriminals use infected PCs to spread junk e-mails, steal data and hijack online banking accounts. Infectious can change hourly, forcing anti-virus Firms to create and deliver thousands of filters each day. The amount of ill-meaning sof
21、tware produced today has required all of us to change the approach we take in combating it, says Trend Micro senior manager Jon Clay. Trend began offering predictive protection to business customers in May. A consumer version is due next year. There is a natural evolution taking place, says Mike Gal
22、lagher, chief technology officer for McAfee, which rolled out its Artemis system for consumers and businesses in February. Symantec introduces Quorum in its new Norton Internet Security 2010 system for consumers priced at $70 for a one-year subscription; McAfees consumer subscription is priced simil
23、arly. Panda Securitys free consumer version of its Panda Cloud anti-virus product has been out since April.What company is the last one to add predictive capacities to its anti-virus productA. Symantec. B. McAfee. C. Trend Micro. D. Panda Security.4.Women are on the verge of outnumbering men in the
24、workforce for the first time, a historic reversal caused by long-term changes in women’s roles and massive job losses for men during this recession.Women held 49.83% of the nation’s 132 million jobs in June and they’re gaining the vast majority of jobs in the few sectors of the eco
25、nomy that are growing, according to the most recent numbers available from the Bureau of Labor Statistics. That’s a record high for a measure that’s been growing steadily for decades and accelerating during the recession. At the current pace, women will become a majority of workers in Oc
26、tober or November.Women have struggled long and hard to get to this point, says labor economist Heidi Hartmann, president of the Institute for Women’s Policy Research.The change reflects the growing importance of women as wage earners, but it doesn’t show full equality, Hartmann says. On
27、 average, women work fewer hours than men, hold more part-time jobs and earn 77% of what men make, she says. Men also still dominate higher-paying executive ranks.Women have been a growing share of the once heavily male labor force for nearly a century, recording big bumps during epoch-making events
28、 such as World War . This time, the boost came from a severe recession that has been brutal on male-dominated professions such as construction and manufacturing.The only parts of the economy still growinghealth care, education and governmenthave traditionally hired mostly women That dominance has in
29、creased in part because federal stimulus funding directed money to education, health care and state and local governments.The gender transformation is especially remarkable in local government’s 14.6 million-person workforce. Cities, schools, water authorities and other local legal power have
30、cut 86,000 men from payrolls during the recessionwhile adding 167,000 women, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics.Equality in workforce numbers reflects a long-term cultural change, says Maureen Honey, author of Creating Rosie the Riveter, a book about the government’s campaign to persu
31、ade women to work outside the home during World War . The image that the man has to be the breadwinner has changed, Honey says.The federal stimulus funding is intended to（）A. encourage more women to take up a careerB. help women to be confident of their careerC. finance the development of health car
32、e, education and governmentsD. enable women to dominate health care, education and governments5.Every so often, late at night, David Woodland steals away to the den of his home in Aberdeen, Washington, so that he can check stock prices on the Internet. Mr. Woodland, a 78-year-old retired insurance s
33、alesman, delights at how with the click of a mouse, he can tap into the facts and fortunes of Wall Street. If I get a bright idea late at night, Mr. Woodland said, I go into the office, fire up the computer and put a buy or sell order in. While online trading is popularly regarded as the province of
34、 any traders in their 20s and 30s, jumping in and out of the market to make quick profits, it is now being invaded by millions of people like Mr. Woodlandsenior investors who bring much larger accounts and more stability to this fast-growing corner of the markets. The low cost of doing business onli
35、nenow as little as $7 a tradeand the excitement of riding a bull market are the lures (诱惑) for many older investorsjust as they are for the young. They are dismissing their full-service brokers, who offer research and advice but often charge more than $100 a trade, and instead are picking their own
36、stocks, after downloading companies annual reports and other research basics. These things are incredible tools, now in the hands of an individual investor, said Carol Ports, 56, a retired crafts designer in Santa Barbara, California. Theres no reason for me to have financial advisers. I am very ana
37、lytical, and I like to get involved in research. According to a survey this fall of 630 people over 50 by Charles Schwab & Co., many older investors say the Internet has made them more confident about their investments and more willing to trust their own judgment. But such confidence may also cause
38、some to gamble away their retirement nest eggs, financial experts warn. If stocks enter a bear market, it could prove disastrous for retirees, who are so dependent on their savings.The retired crafts designer Carol Potts sounds to be _.A. very analytical B. quite shrewd C. kind of seasoned D. rather
39、 confident 6.In the 1960s, medical researchers Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe developed a checklist of stressful events. They appreciated the tricky point that any major change can be stressful. Negative events like serious illness of a family member were high on the list, but so were some positive
40、life-changing events, like marriage. When you take the Holmes-Rahe test you must remember that the score does not reflect how you deal with stressit only shows how much you have to deal with. And we now know that the way you handle these events dramatically affects your chances of staying healthy.By
41、 the early 1970s, hundreds of similar studies had followed Holmes and Rahe. And millions of Americans who work and live under stress worried over the reports. Somehow, the research got boiled down to a memorable message. Women’s magazines ran headlines like Stress causes illness! If you want t
42、o stay physically and mentally healthy, the articles said, avoid stressful events.But such simplistic advice is impossible to follow. Even if stressful events are dangerous, manylike the death of a loved oneare impossible to avoid. Moreover, any warning to avoid all stressful events is a prescriptio
43、n (处方) for staying away from opportunities as well as trouble. Since any change can be stressful, a person who wanted to be completely free of stress would never marry, have a child, take a new job or move.The notion that all stress makes you sick also ignores a lot of what we know about people. It
44、assumes we’re all vulnerable (脆弱的) and passive in the face of adversity (逆境). But what about human initiative and creativity Many come through periods of stress with more physical and mental vigor than they had before. We also know that a long time without change or challenge can lead to bored
45、om, and physical and mental strain.According to the passage people who have experienced ups and downs may become （）A. nervous when faced with difficultiesB. physically and mentally strainedC. more capable of coping with adversityD. indifferent toward what happens to them7.Women are on the verge of o
46、utnumbering men in the workforce for the first time, a historic reversal caused by long-term changes in women’s roles and massive job losses for men during this recession.Women held 49.83% of the nation’s 132 million jobs in June and they’re gaining the vast majority of jobs in the
47、 few sectors of the economy that are growing, according to the most recent numbers available from the Bureau of Labor Statistics. That’s a record high for a measure that’s been growing steadily for decades and accelerating during the recession. At the current pace, women will become a ma
48、jority of workers in October or November.Women have struggled long and hard to get to this point, says labor economist Heidi Hartmann, president of the Institute for Women’s Policy Research.The change reflects the growing importance of women as wage earners, but it doesn’t show full equa
49、lity, Hartmann says. On average, women work fewer hours than men, hold more part-time jobs and earn 77% of what men make, she says. Men also still dominate higher-paying executive ranks.Women have been a growing share of the once heavily male labor force for nearly a century, recording big bumps during epoch-making events such as World War . This time, the boost came from a severe rece