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1、What What 引导名词性引导名词性从句的五种用法从句的五种用法After_seemed a very long time, I opened my eyes and found myself in bed!A. what B. when C. that D. whichA 一、用法归纳一、用法归纳 1. 表示表示“的东西或事情的东西或事情”,相当于,相当于“the thing that.; all that.; everything that.”(见(见41、45、46、48、52、58、61、62、65、67、68):): Theyve done what they can to he
2、lp her. 他们已经尽力帮助了她。他们已经尽力帮助了她。 He saves what he earns. 他赚多少,积蓄多少。他赚多少,积蓄多少。 What Mary is is the secretary. 玛丽的职务是秘书。玛丽的职务是秘书。2. 表示表示“的人或的样子的人或的样子”,相当于,相当于the person that(见(见66):):He is no longer what he was. 他已经不是以前的那个样子。他已经不是以前的那个样子。 He is what is generally called a traitor. 他就是人们通常所说的叛徒。他就是人们通常所说的
3、叛徒。 Who is it that has made Fred what he is now? 是谁把弗雷德培养成现在这个样子的?是谁把弗雷德培养成现在这个样子的? 3. 表示表示“的数量或数目的数量或数目”,相当于相当于the amount/number that (见见37) Our income is now double what it was ten years ago. 我们现在的收入是我们现在的收入是10年前的两倍。年前的两倍。 The number of the students in our school is ten times what it was before li
4、beration. 现在我校学生的数量是解放前的现在我校学生的数量是解放前的10倍。倍。4. 表示表示“的时间的时间”,相当于相当于the time that: After what seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile. 似乎过了几个小时他才苦笑着出来。似乎过了几个小时他才苦笑着出来。 The young girl was too frightened to speak, standing there for what seemed like hours. 小女孩吓得不敢说话,在那儿站了几个小时。小女孩吓得不敢说话,在那儿站了几个
5、小时。 5. 表示表示“的地方的地方”,相当于相当于the place that(见(见32、64): This is what they call Salt Lake City. 这就是他们称为盐湖城的地方。这就是他们称为盐湖城的地方。 In 1492, Columbus reached what is now called America. 1492年哥伦布到达了现在所称的美洲大陆。年哥伦布到达了现在所称的美洲大陆。二、用法说明二、用法说明 (1) 这样用的这样用的what相当于相当于“先行词先行词+关系代词关系代词”,所以其前不能有先行词:所以其前不能有先行词: 你喜欢什么就拿什么吧。你
6、喜欢什么就拿什么吧。 正:正:You can have what you like. / You can have everything (that) you like. 误:误:You can have everything what you like. 二、用法说明二、用法说明 (2) 有时有时what 可用作限定词,其后修饰一个名可用作限定词,其后修饰一个名词词(见(见42):): I gave him what books I had. 我把我所有的书都给他了。我把我所有的书都给他了。 He gave me what money he had about him. 他把身边带有的钱全给
7、了我。他把身边带有的钱全给了我。(3) What 后的名词可以是复数名词或不可数名后的名词可以是复数名词或不可数名词,但通常不能是单数可数名词:词,但通常不能是单数可数名词: 误:误:I gave him what book I had. (4) What后接不可数名词时,有时可有后接不可数名词时,有时可有little修饰。修饰。注意区别:注意区别:what+不可数名词不可数名词=所有的都,所有的都,what little+不可数名词不可数名词=虽少但全部。虽少但全部。 如:如: I spent what time I had with her. 我所有的时间都是与她一起度过的。我所有的时间都
8、是与她一起度过的。 I spent what little time I had with her. 我仅有的一点时间都是与她一起度过的。我仅有的一点时间都是与她一起度过的。A is to B what C is to D句型分析句型分析 句型句型: A is to B what C is to D.本句型的意思是本句型的意思是“A对对B而言正如而言正如C对对D一样一样”。其中。其中what 的意思相当于的意思相当于 as(但在此句型不能用(但在此句型不能用as代替)代替),作连词作连词用用,引导状语从句。引导状语从句。 Air is to us what water is to fish.空
9、气对于我们犹如水对于鱼。空气对于我们犹如水对于鱼。其中介词其中介词to表示对比表示对比巩固练习巩固练习:1. She has changed a lot. Shes no longer _she used to be. A. that B. what C. which D. 不填不填2. The tobacco which is used to make cigarettes was first grown in_is now part of the United States. A. which B. that C. all D. what3. No longer_Tom the man_he used to be.A. will; what B. was; what C. will; that D. is; that4. What has made China_she is today?A. that B. what C. as D. which5. The number of the students of the college has reached 8,000, twice _ it was when the college was opened ten years ago. A. what B. as much C. which D. that