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1、Adverbial Clause状语从句状语从句 GeorgeKing状语从句状语从句考查特点考查特点能力要求能力要求用法归用法归纳纳时间状语从句时间状语从句条件状语从句条件状语从句原因状语从句原因状语从句结果状语从句结果状语从句让步状语从句让步状语从句地点状语从句地点状语从句方式状语从句方式状语从句目的状语从句目的状语从句比较状语从句比较状语从句一一.时间状语从句时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的从属连词引导时间状语从句的从属连词1.基本类：基本类：before、after、when、while、as、since、till、until、once, as soon as, etc. It will
2、 be two months before he comes back. It is two years since he smoked.2. 名词类（由名词词组充当引导词）：名词类（由名词词组充当引导词）：the moment ,the minute, the second, the instant,etc. (一一就就); every time, each time, the last time, the first time, etc.Ill tell him the minute (that) he gets here.I started the very moment I got y
3、our letter.3. 副词类（由副词充当引导词）：副词类（由副词充当引导词）：immediately, directly, instantly, etc. (一一.就就.)4.句型类：句型类：no soonerthan, hardly/scarcely when, etc. (一一就就)e.g. I will give you an answer immediately I finish my work. The machine will start instantly you press the button.e.g She had no sooner heard the news t
4、han she fainted. No sooner had she heard the news than she fainted. Scarcely had he gone when she appeared.注意注意:用于句首时应引起用于句首时应引起部分倒装部分倒装, 且前部分一般且前部分一般用用过去完成时过去完成时_(下课的时候下课的时候), we began our writing.John sings_（边走）（边走）._（我们看电视的时（我们看电视的时候）候）, he was writing a composition.When the lesson was overas he
5、walksWhile/when we were watching TV注意：注意：1. when, as, while 的区别的区别 when: 持续性非持续性动词都可持续性非持续性动词都可 as: 当；一边当；一边一边；随着一边；随着 while:持续性动词进行持续性动词进行 2. till, until和和notuntil小结：小结： 1.until/till引导时间状语从句用于肯定句时，主句的动引导时间状语从句用于肯定句时，主句的动词是延续性动词，表示动作或状态一直持续到词是延续性动词，表示动作或状态一直持续到until/till所表示的时间，意为所表示的时间，意为“某动作一直延续到某时
6、间点才某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止停止”。如：。如： We waited until he came. 2用于否定句时，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，从用于否定句时，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，从句为肯定，意为句为肯定，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始某动作直到某时间才开始”。如：。如： He wont go to bed till/until she returns. 3till不可以置于句首，而不可以置于句首，而until可以。如：可以。如： Until you told me I had no idea of it. 4notuntil句型中的强调和倒装说法：句型中的强调和倒装说法： It
7、was not until you told me that I had any idea of it. Not until you told me did I have any idea of it.3. 连接词连接词before的小结：的小结：一、含义一、含义1 We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.2 We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired.3 Please write it down before you forget it.4Before I could get
8、in a word, he had measured me. “才才” “不到不到就就” “趁趁” “还没来得及还没来得及” 二二Before从句中谓语不用否定式。如：从句中谓语不用否定式。如： Before they reached the station, the train had gone. 三三1）句型）句型It will be段时间段时间before“还要过多久才还要过多久才”如如： It will be two years before he leaves the country. 2）句型）句型It was一段时间一段时间before“过了多久过了多久才才”。 如：如： It
9、was two years before he left the country.4. Since的句型的句型 句型It is段时间since时间的计算一律从since从句的动作完成或状态结束时算起。如： It is three years since she was in our class. 她离开我们班有三年了。 It is three years since he lived here二二. .条件状语从句条件状语从句 1. 引导词引导词: if, unless, as long as (=so long as) , in case(that) ,on condition that,
10、provided/providing that, ifonly/onlyif, given,assuming,supposing/suppose etc.Ive waited here for about half an hour._I myself could drive a car!A.Only if B.If only C.If D.OnlyMost animals have little connection with animals of a different kind,_they hunt them for food. A.If B.while C.unless D.as In
11、case he comes, let me know. You can go out, as / so long as you promise to be back before eleven. I will come again tomorrow provided (that) I have time. (= if) Supposing (that) it rains tomorrow, what shall we do? (= if) Unless you tell him yourself, hell lose faith in you completely. Well let you
12、use the room on condition that / provided that you keep it clean and tidy.2. 非真实条件句中应用虚拟语气非真实条件句中应用虚拟语气Eg. If you _（接受）（接受）your teachers advice, you wouldnt have failed the exam.3. 真实条件句中的时态真实条件句中的时态:e.g. If it _（下雨）（下雨）tomorrow, I will not go out.had takenrainsbecause直接原因，非推断语气最强直接原因，非推断语气最强回答回答why
13、since 通常放句首译为通常放句首译为“既然既然”as 不谈自明的原因不谈自明的原因，语气最弱，语气最弱for 放句中，引导后半句表原因放句中，引导后半句表原因。三三.原因状语从句原因状语从句1. 在强调句中强调原因状语从句，只能用在强调句中强调原因状语从句，只能用because引导，不可用引导，不可用as或或since. 2. because可以引导表语从句可以引导表语从句,而而as, since不可以，这不可以，这时主语一般都是时主语一般都是it, this, that It was _ he was ill that he didnt go with us. Its_ he is to
14、o lazy.3. since表示表示“既然既然”，只能放主句前，只能放主句前._you are here, you must do it.because用用because, as, since 填空填空becauseSince 1.John didnt come to school _ being ill yesterday. A.because of B.because C.since D.as2.-Mum,can I go out to play football with jessica? -No,you cant _ your homework is being done. A.be
15、fore B.until C.as D.when 3.These two areas are similar_ they both have a high rainfall during this season.A.to that B.besides that C.in that D.except that2复合连词也可以引导原因状语从句，这复合连词也可以引导原因状语从句，这些连词有：些连词有：now (that), seeing (that), considering (that), for the reason that, by reason that, for fear that, th
16、at等，如：等，如：Now (that) (= Since) you mention it, I do remember. Now (that) he is absent, youll have to do the work by yourself. Now (=Since) the rain has stopped, lets start. Seeing (that) all the guests have arrived, lets have dinner. Considering that they are just beginners, they are doing quite a g
17、ood job.1. sothat 与与suchthat 的区别的区别so +adj./adv. +thatso +adj. +a/an +可数名词单数可数名词单数+ thatso +many/much/few/little+名词名词+thate.g. It is so hot that we cant sleep.It is so interesting a book that she has read it twice. such +a/an+adj.+单数可数名词单数可数名词+thatsuch +adj. +复数名词复数名词/不可数名词不可数名词+thatsuch +a lot of/l
18、ots of +名词名词+thatIt is such an interesting book that she has read it twice.There was such delicious food that he had too much.引导状语从句的连接词有引导状语从句的连接词有so that/ sothat/suchthat四四.结果状语从句结果状语从句用用so , such填空：填空：There were _ many people in the room that we could not get in. He made _ an excellent speech tha
19、t every one admired him. She is _ lovely a girl that everyone in her class likes her. He has _ poor furniture that others cannot find a place to sit.sosuchsosuchHis courage is such that he doesnt know the meaning for fear.Such 表示程度高表示程度高So terrible was the storm that some old houses were destroyed.S
20、uch was the force of the explosion that all the windows were broken.So such 在句首在句首 倒装倒装 So that 引导结果状语从句表示实现的一引导结果状语从句表示实现的一件事或一个事实，从句谓语动词一般不件事或一个事实，从句谓语动词一般不和情态动词连用，且从句前多有逗号与和情态动词连用，且从句前多有逗号与主句分开。例如：主句分开。例如：He didnt study hard, so that he failed in the exam.(他没有用功学习，结果考试没他没有用功学习，结果考试没有通过。有通过。)He to
21、ok no notice of him, so that he flew into a rage.（我没有理睬他，于是他在怒起来。）（我没有理睬他，于是他在怒起来。）注意注意五五.让步状语从句让步状语从句由由though, although, as (虽然尽管虽然尽管), even if, even though, wh-ever, no matter wh-, whether引导引导_most of the people agreed, some were not willing to accepted. We wouldnt lose heart _we should fail ten t
22、imes.Althougheven if Although 和和though均可以引导主步状语均可以引导主步状语从句，间为从句，间为“虽然，尽管虽然，尽管”但是但是although较较though 正式，更多有于句首，正式，更多有于句首，二者昀不可以与二者昀不可以与but边用，但可以与副词边用，但可以与副词yet, still, nevertheless等连用。等连用。 Although (though) he was ill, (sill/yet) he went on working.注意注意1as as引导让步状语从句时从句部分语序要部分引导让步状语从句时从句部分语序要部分倒装。其结构为
23、：倒装。其结构为：Young as he is, he can read and write in several foreign languages.Child as he was, he had to support the family.（表语名词提前并常省去冠词）（表语名词提前并常省去冠词） n./adj./adv./v +as +主语谓语主语谓语注意注意21.There was never any time for Kate to feel lonely,_ she was an only child. A.ever since B.now that C.even though D.
24、even as2._ you like it or not, you will have to give up smoking. A.If B.Whether C.How D.Why3.You should try to get a good nights sleep _ much work you have to do.A.however B.no matter C.although D.whatever4.You can eat food free in my restaurant _ you like.A.Whenever B.wherever C.whatever D.however
25、六六. 地点状语从句地点状语从句 引导词：引导词：where，wherever Ill go wherever he goes. Ill go where he went. -Can you tell me _ are you from? -It is not important _ I came from. A.when;whenever B.where ;wherever C.the place ;where D.wherever;where我要去他去的地方我要去他去的地方.他去哪我就去哪他去哪我就去哪. 地点状语从句与定语从句的区别地点状语从句与定语从句的区别 1.-Where do y
26、ou plan to work? -Ive made up my mind to go _Im most needed. A.to the place B.to which C.that D.where 2.I will go to a country for a holiday _ there are a lot of flowers and trees.A.in the place B.where C.which D.wherever辨析辨析:Go back where you came from.Go back to the village where you came from. 七七
27、.目的状语从句目的状语从句引导引导，so that，in order that，等。其谓语动词常，等。其谓语动词常与情态动词与情态动词can，could，may，might，should，would连用。连用。(340)1.Id like to arrive 20 minutes early_ I can have time for a cup of tea.A.as soon as B.as a result C.in case D.so that2.John may phone tonight. I dont want to go out _he phones.A.as long as B
28、.in order that C.in case D.so that The Shanghaiese are making great efforts to beautify the city_ more overseas companies will come. A.in order that B.so as to C.so long as D.on condition that 八八.方式状语从句方式状语从句引导词引导词 1：as(象象.一样一样,正如正如, 按照按照),as if/as though(好象好象,宛如宛如) You must do the exercises as I sh
29、ow you. Please do exactly as your doctor says. It looks as if it might snow / is going to snow. He acted as / though nothing had happened. He walked as if he was / were drunk. Mary was behaving as though she hadnt grown up.Leave it as it is.He stated thae facts as they were.事实上事实上,按现在的样子按现在的样子按原样子按原
30、样子注意注意2 九九.比较状语从句比较状语从句引导词引导词:as.as(和和一样一样),not as/soas(不如不如),than(比比),the morethe more(越越越越).这种从句常采用省略句的这种从句常采用省略句的句型，如：句型，如：He looks younger than he is. /He is as old as I am.He worked as fast as a skilled worker.The project was completed earlier than we had expected.He is as young as you (are you
31、ng). Please come as soon as (it is) possible. 区别：区别：We know you better than he . We know you better than him. thethe 句型也是比较状语从句的一种，例句型也是比较状语从句的一种，例如：如： The harder we work, the better we shall serve the people. 其中其中the 为连接副词，既起连接作用，又修为连接副词，既起连接作用，又修饰后面的副词。饰后面的副词。 The sooner he comes, the better (it w
32、ill be). The higher the ground (is), the cooler the air (will be).注意注意状语从句中的省略现象状语从句中的省略现象 Once _seen, the film can never be forgotten.If _invited, I will go to the party. She stood at the school gate as if _waiting for someone.(it is )(I am) (she was) When _necessary, I will buy a TV set. If _ possible, youd better come tomorrow.(it is )(it is)-I hear Johnson was badly injured in the accident.-_ , lets go and see him.A. Whats more B. If so C. Where possible D. When necessaryThank you!Thank you!