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1、Unit 3 Travel JournalGrammar : The present continuous tense to express future actions 现在进行时现在进行时 现在进行时的基本用法现在进行时的基本用法： a. a. 表示现在（指说话人说话时）正在发生的事情。表示现在（指说话人说话时）正在发生的事情。 We are waiting for you. We are waiting for you. 我们正在等你。我们正在等你。 b. b. 表示现阶段暂时的情况，说话时动作未必正在进行。表示现阶段暂时的情况，说话时动作未必正在进行。 What are you doi
2、ng recently?What are you doing recently? Mr. Green is writing another novel.Mr. Green is writing another novel. 他在写另一部小说。（说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。）他在写另一部小说。（说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。） c. c. 表示发展中的或正在改变的情况，如：表示发展中的或正在改变的情况，如：get, grow, become,get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin turn, run, go, begin等。等。 The leav
3、es are turning red. The leaves are turning red. 叶子在变红。叶子在变红。 ItIts getting warmer and warmer. s getting warmer and warmer. 天越来越热了。天越来越热了。 d. d. 与与always, constantly, forever always, constantly, forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的等词连用，表示反复发生的 动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩（赞成、动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩（赞成、 讨厌、生气等情绪）。讨厌、生气等情绪
4、）。 You are always changing your mind. You are always changing your mind. 你老是改变主意。你老是改变主意。典型例题典型例题My dictionary _, I have looked for it everywhere but still_ it. A. has lost, dont find B. is missing, dont find C. has lost, havent found D. is missing, havent found. 答案D. 前句是一个仍在持续的状态，应用进行时，由于没有找到，其影响仍然
5、存在，应用完成时，瞬间动词用于否定式时可用于完成时。 用现在进行时表示将来用现在进行时表示将来, , 指的是近期的， 按计划或安排要发生的动作；谓语通常为瞬间 性的动词如，come, go, arrive, leave, start， begin, return，meet, get 等. I Im leaving tomorrowm leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。 He is coming back this Sundayis coming back this Sunday. 这个星期他就回来了。 How are you getting there?How are you
6、getting there? 你怎么去哪啊？ 一般将来时一般将来时 （单纯将来）1 1）shallshall用于第一人称，常被用于第一人称，常被will will 所代替。所代替。will will 在陈述句中用于各在陈述句中用于各 人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。 The building will be finished next month.The building will be finished next month. 这座大楼将于下个月竣工。这座大楼将于下个月竣工。 Which paragraph shall I read firstWhich
7、paragraph shall I read first？ 我先读哪一段呢？我先读哪一段呢？ Will you be at home at seven this evening? Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七点回家好吗？今晚七点回家好吗？ will will 在条件句中用一般现在时代替在条件句中用一般现在时代替; ; If she comes,I If she comes,Ill call youll call you . . 如果她来了，我就打电话告诉你如果她来了，我就打电话告诉你。2 2）be going tobe going
8、 to a. a. 现在的打算、意图，即将做某事。现在的打算、意图，即将做某事。 What are you going to do tomorrow? What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什么呢？明天打算作什么呢？ b. b. 表示最近未来的计划或安排将要发生表示最近未来的计划或安排将要发生 The play is going to be produced next month The play is going to be produced next month。这出戏下月开播。这出戏下月开播。 c. c. 有迹象要发生的事。有迹象要发生的事。 L
9、ook at theLook at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那乌云，快要看那乌云，快要下雨了。下雨了。 3 3）be to dobe to do 按计划或正式安排将要发生按计划或正式安排将要发生 We are to discuss the report next Saturday.We are to discuss the report next Saturday. 我们下星期六讨论这份报告。我们下星期六讨论这份报告。 4 4）be ab
10、out tobe about to 意为马上做某事，刚要，正要（表示意为马上做某事，刚要，正要（表示 非常近的将来）非常近的将来）不能与不能与tomorrow tomorrow 等表示明确将来时的等表示明确将来时的 时间状语连用时间状语连用 He is about to leave for Beijing. He is about to leave for Beijing. 他马上要去北京。他马上要去北京。 be going to / will 用于条件句时，用于条件句时，be going tobe going to表将来表将来, , willwill表意愿。表意愿。 If you are g
11、oing to make a journey, youd better If you are going to make a journey, youd better get ready for it as soon as possible. get ready for it as soon as possible. Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the
12、 mirror. the new clothes on you in front of the mirror. be to be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事，表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事， be going to be going to 表示主观的打算或计划。表示主观的打算或计划。 I am to play football tomorrow afternoon.I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我去踢球。（客观安排）明天下午我去踢球。（客观安排） Im going to play football tomorrowIm g
13、oing to play football tomorrow afternoon. afternoon. 明天下午我想去踢球。（主观安排）明天下午我想去踢球。（主观安排） 不用进行时的动词不用进行时的动词 1） 1 1）表示事实状态事实状态的动词，如 have, belong, possess,have, belong, possess, cost,owe cost,owe，exist, include, contain, matter, weigh, measureexist, include, contain, matter, weigh, measure, , continueconti
14、nue等。 I have two brothers. 我有两兄弟。 This house belongs to my sister. 这房子是我姐的。 2 2）表示心理状态心理状态的动词，如 know, realize, think see, believe, suppose,know, realize, think see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, nee
15、d, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hate understand, love, hate 等。 I need your help. 我需要你的帮助。 He loves her very much. 他爱她很深。 3 3）瞬间动词瞬间动词，如 accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide,decide, refuse refuse 等。 I accept your advice. 我接受
16、你的劝告。 4 4）系动词系动词，如 seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, become, turn get, become, turn 等。 You seem a little tired. 你看上去有点累。 过去进行时 1）概念：表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。2）过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景；一个长动作延续的时候，另一个短动作发生。3） 常用的时间状语有this morning, the whole m
17、orning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while等。例如： My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. 我兄弟骑车时摔了下来，受了伤。 It was raining when they left the station. 他们离开车站时，正下着雨。 When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.我到达山顶时，阳光灿烂。 过去进行时过去进行时 1 1
18、）概念：表示过去某时正在进行的状态）概念：表示过去某时正在进行的状态 或动作。或动作。 2 2）过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景；）过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景； 一个长动作延续的时候，另一个短动作发生。一个长动作延续的时候，另一个短动作发生。 3 3） 常用的时间状语有常用的时间状语有this morning, the whole morning, all day this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, whileyesterday
19、, from nine to ten last evening, when, while等。等。 My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. 我兄弟骑车时摔了下来，受了伤。It was raining when they left the station. 他们离开车站时，正下着雨。When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. 我到达山顶时，阳光灿烂。一般现在时代替一般将来时一般现在时代替一般将来时 when ,while, befo
20、re, after, till, once, as soon as, when ,while, before, after, till, once, as soon as, so long as, by the time, if, in case so long as, by the time, if, in case （thatthat）, unless, , unless, even if, whether,the moment, the minute, the day, the year, even if, whether,the moment, the minute, the day,
21、 the year, immediately immediately等引导的时间状语从句，条件句中，用一般现在时代替将来时。H He is going to visit her aunt the day he arrives in Beijing. 他一到北京，就 去看他姨妈。 典型例题典型例题（ 1）He said he_me a present unless I_ in doing the experiment. A. had not given; had not succeededB. would not give; succeeded C. will not give; succeedD. would not give; will succeed. 答案答案B.B. 在时间，条件或让步主语从句中一般不用将来时。本题有在时间，条件或让步主语从句中一般不用将来时。本题有He saidHe said， 故为过去式。主句用将来时，故选故为过去式。主句用将来时，故选B. B. 此处用一般过去式代替了过去将来时。此处用一般过去式代替了过去将来时。 （Homework :Topic for tomorrows Daily Report :你假期去长城游玩，早上出发时天气晴朗，所以你没带雨具。没料到时至中午突然下起了大雨，你被困在途中，然后