语法精讲系列(七).ppt

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1、语法精讲系列(七) 主谓一致和特殊句式 考考 查查 角角 度度题题 号号主谓一致的语法一致主谓一致的语法一致1、2主谓一致的意义一致主谓一致的意义一致311主谓一致的就近原则主谓一致的就近原则12倒装句倒装句1318省略句省略句19强调句强调句20、21其他句式其他句式22251. (2012湖南高考湖南高考)All the scientific evidence _ that increasing use of chemicals in farming _ damaging our health. A. show; are B. shows; areC. show; is D. shows;

2、 is【解析【解析】选选D。考查主谓一致。句意:所有的科学证据表明在。考查主谓一致。句意:所有的科学证据表明在农业生产中越来越多地使用化学物品正在损害我们的健康。农业生产中越来越多地使用化学物品正在损害我们的健康。evidence为不可数名词为不可数名词, 作主语时谓语动词用单数;题干中的作主语时谓语动词用单数;题干中的第二个空的主语是第二个空的主语是use,为不可数名词,谓语动词用单数,故,为不可数名词,谓语动词用单数,故D项正确。项正确。2. (2011江苏高考江苏高考)The fact that so many people still smoke in public places _

3、that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking. A. suggest B. suggests C. suggested D. suggesting【解析【解析】选选B。考查主谓一致和时态。句意:仍然有很多人在。考查主谓一致和时态。句意:仍然有很多人在公共场所吸烟公共场所吸烟, 这样的事实表明我们或许需要一场全国性的运这样的事实表明我们或许需要一场全国性的运动来提高人们对吸烟的危害的认识。分析句子结构可知,动来提高人们对吸烟的危害的认识。分析句子结构可知,the fact后后th

4、at引导的是同位语从句,空格后的引导的是同位语从句,空格后的that从句则是谓语从句则是谓语动词动词suggest的宾语从句;主语是的宾语从句;主语是the fact,故排除,故排除A、D两项;两项;结合从句的时态可知主句要用现在时态,故选结合从句的时态可知主句要用现在时态,故选B项。项。3. (2011安徽高考安徽高考)The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which _ saved for other purposes. A. is B. are C. was D. were【解析【解析】选选D。考查主谓

5、一致和时态。句意:工厂用了这种原。考查主谓一致和时态。句意:工厂用了这种原材料的材料的65%,剩余部分节省出来留作他用。定语从句中先行,剩余部分节省出来留作他用。定语从句中先行词是词是the raw materials,故定语从句应与先行词的数保持一致,故定语从句应与先行词的数保持一致,用复数,上文时态为过去时,故选用复数,上文时态为过去时,故选D。4. (2012陕西高考陕西高考)The basketball coach, as well as his team, _ interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding perf

6、ormance. A. were B. was C. is D. are【解析【解析】选选B。考查时态和主谓一致。句意:比赛后不久,那。考查时态和主谓一致。句意:比赛后不久,那位篮球教练和他的队员们因为他们的出色表现而受到了采访。位篮球教练和他的队员们因为他们的出色表现而受到了采访。根据句意可知事情已经发生,所以用过去时,排除根据句意可知事情已经发生,所以用过去时,排除C和和D两项。两项。主语后接主语后接as well as短语作插入语时,谓语动词形式不受其影短语作插入语时,谓语动词形式不受其影响。这里的主语响。这里的主语The basketball coach是单数,所以谓语动词是单数,所以

7、谓语动词应该用单数,应该用单数,B项符合题意。项符合题意。5. (2010全国卷全国卷)Barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women who _ evening dress. A. wear B. wearsC. has worn D. have worn【解析【解析】选选B。考查主谓一致和时态。句意:。考查主谓一致和时态。句意:Barbara很容易很容易被认出来,因为她是那些妇女中唯一穿晚礼服的人。首先被认出来,因为她是那些妇女中唯一穿晚礼服的人。首先the only one of. . . 为先行词时为先行词时

8、, 定语从句修饰的是定语从句修饰的是one, 即即one是主是主语语, 而非后面的复数而非后面的复数women, 根据主谓一致的原则根据主谓一致的原则, 谓语动词应谓语动词应该用单数该用单数, 排除排除A、D两项。另外两项。另外, 从从 “is”可以看出句子用一可以看出句子用一般现在时般现在时, 排除排除C, 故选故选B。6. (2010湖南高考湖南高考)Listening to loud music at rock concerts _ caused hearing loss in some teenagers. A. is B. are C. has D. have【解析【解析】选选C。考

9、查主谓一致。句意:在青少年中,在摇滚音。考查主谓一致。句意:在青少年中,在摇滚音乐会上听噪音太大的音乐已经导致听力丧失。根据动名词短乐会上听噪音太大的音乐已经导致听力丧失。根据动名词短语作主语句子的谓语动词用单数形式语作主语句子的谓语动词用单数形式, 可排除可排除B、D两项两项, 根据根据主语与主语与caused的主动关系的主动关系, 排除排除A项。项。7. (2010四川高考四川高考)Such poets as Shakespeare _ widely read, of whose works, however, some _ difficult to understand. A. are;

10、are B. is;is C. are;is D. is; are【解析【解析】选选A。考查主谓一致。句意:像莎士比亚那样的诗人。考查主谓一致。句意:像莎士比亚那样的诗人在世界范围内拥有大量的读者,但是,他的一些作品却很难在世界范围内拥有大量的读者,但是,他的一些作品却很难理解。主句中的主语应为理解。主句中的主语应为poets, 谓语动词用复数谓语动词用复数, 其后的非限其后的非限制性定语从句的主语应为制性定语从句的主语应为some of whose works, 谓语动词也应谓语动词也应是复数。故选是复数。故选A。8. (2009山东高考山东高考)The number of foreign

11、students attending Chinese universities _ rising steadily since 1997. A. is B. areC. has been D. have been【解析【解析】选选C。考查主谓一致和时态。句意:自从。考查主谓一致和时态。句意:自从1997年以来,年以来,上中国大学的外国学生数量一直在稳定增长。主语是上中国大学的外国学生数量一直在稳定增长。主语是 the number, 故谓语动词用单数故谓语动词用单数, 又因时间状语是又因时间状语是since 1997,所以,所以用完成时态。故选用完成时态。故选C。9. (2009四川高考四川高

12、考)The teacher together with the students _ discussing Reading Skills that _ newly published in America. A. are; were B. is; wereC. are; was D. is; was【解析【解析】选选D。考查主谓一致。句意:那位老师跟学生们正在。考查主谓一致。句意:那位老师跟学生们正在讨论讨论阅读技能阅读技能,这本书在美国刚刚出版。,这本书在美国刚刚出版。A together with B作主语时,谓语动词与作主语时,谓语动词与A的单复数保持一致;第二空为定语的单复数保持一致;

13、第二空为定语从句,从句,that指代指代Reading Skills, 由于由于Reading Skills是书名所以是书名所以谓语动词用单数。故选谓语动词用单数。故选D。10. (2009陕西高考陕西高考)Dr. Smith, together with his wife and daughters,_ visit Beijing this summer. A. is going to B. are going toC. was going to D. were going to【解析【解析】选选A。考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:史密斯博士。考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:史密斯博士还有他的妻

14、子和女儿们准备今年夏天去北京参观。主语中心还有他的妻子和女儿们准备今年夏天去北京参观。主语中心词是词是Dr. Smith, 表单数表单数, 谓语动词用单数形式;时间状语是谓语动词用单数形式;时间状语是this summer, 表将来表将来, 故时态用一般将来时故时态用一般将来时, 选选A。11. (2009江西高考江西高考)At present, one of the arguments in favor of the new airport _ that it will bring a lot of jobs to the area. A. is B. are C. will be D. w

15、as【解析【解析】选选A。考查主谓一致。句意:目前,人们赞成建一座。考查主谓一致。句意:目前,人们赞成建一座新机场的理由之一是它将给这个地区带来很多的就业机会。新机场的理由之一是它将给这个地区带来很多的就业机会。句中的句中的in favor of the new airport是介词短语作后置定语,修是介词短语作后置定语,修饰饰arguments。根据句中的。根据句中的one of可知谓语动词用单数形式,可知谓语动词用单数形式,再结合再结合at present可判断用一般现在时。故可判断用一般现在时。故A项正确。项正确。12. (2009湖南高考湖南高考)Either you or one o

16、f your students _ to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow. A. are B. is C. have D. be【解析【解析】选选B。考查主谓一致。句意:明天的会议可以是你或。考查主谓一致。句意:明天的会议可以是你或你的学生们中的一个去参加。你的学生们中的一个去参加。either . . . or. . . . 连接两个主语连接两个主语, 按就近原则来确定谓语的单复数。根据按就近原则来确定谓语的单复数。根据one of your students 谓语应用单数形式,故选谓语应用单数形式,故选B。13. (2012江西高考江西高考)

17、Never before _ seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert. A. had she B. she had C. has she D. she has【解析【解析】选选C。考查倒装句。句意:她从来没见过有人打网球。考查倒装句。句意:她从来没见过有人打网球打得和罗伯特一样好。打得和罗伯特一样好。 Never放于句首,句子要用部分倒装放于句首,句子要用部分倒装结构,从后面的结构,从后面的can可以看出是描写现在的情况,用现在时态,可以看出是描写现在的情况,用现在时态,这里用完成时,表示到现在为止,故选这里用完成时,表示到现在为止

18、,故选C。14. (2012山东高考山东高考)I dont know about you, but Im sick and tired of this weather. _. I cant stand all this rain. A. I dont care B. Its hard to sayC. So am I D. I hope so【解析【解析】选选C。考查倒装句。句意:。考查倒装句。句意:我不知道你感觉怎么我不知道你感觉怎么样,但我讨厌这种天气。样,但我讨厌这种天气。我也是。我无法忍受整天下雨。我也是。我无法忍受整天下雨。当表示后者与前者具有相同特征的时候,后者用倒装的形式;当表示

19、后者与前者具有相同特征的时候,后者用倒装的形式;肯定用肯定用so,否定用,否定用nor或或neither构成。根据后面一句中的构成。根据后面一句中的I cant stand all this rain可知,此处与上一句中的可知,此处与上一句中的Im sick and tired of this weather表达同样的感受,因此应该用表达同样的感受,因此应该用So am I,表示表示“我也是我也是”。故选。故选C。15. (2012重庆高考重庆高考)The headmaster will not permit the change in the course, nor _ it a thoug

20、ht. A. does he even give B. he even givesC. will he even give D. he will even give【解析【解析】选选C。考查倒装句。句意:校长不会允许改变课程,。考查倒装句。句意:校长不会允许改变课程,将来也不会考虑的。否定词将来也不会考虑的。否定词“nor”位于句首,句子应该使用位于句首,句子应该使用部分倒装结构,而且根据语境空白处应使用一般将来时,部分倒装结构,而且根据语境空白处应使用一般将来时,C选选项符合题意。项符合题意。16. (2012辽宁高考辽宁高考)Not until he retired from teachi

21、ng three years ago _ having a holiday abroad. A. he had considered B. had he consideredC. he considered D. did he consider【解析【解析】选选D。考查倒装句。句意:他直到三年前从教育行业。考查倒装句。句意:他直到三年前从教育行业退休才考虑到国外旅行。退休才考虑到国外旅行。Not until位于句首时句子要倒装,位于句首时句子要倒装,排除排除A、C两项,两项,consider having a holiday abroad这个动作发这个动作发生在生在retire之后,排除之后,

22、排除B项。故选项。故选D。17. (2012四川高考四川高考)This is not my story, nor _ the whole story. My story plays out differently. A. is there B. there is C. is it D. it is【解析【解析】选选C。考查倒装句。句意:这并不是。考查倒装句。句意:这并不是(关于关于)我的故事,我的故事,它也不是故事的全部。我的故事的结局与这不同。它也不是故事的全部。我的故事的结局与这不同。nor位于句位于句首引起部分倒装,排除首引起部分倒装,排除B、D两项;再根据句意选代词两项;再根据句意选代

23、词it。故。故答案选答案选C。18. (2012天津高考天津高考)Only after Mary read her composition the second time _ the spelling mistake. A. did she notice B. she noticedC. does she notice D. she has noticed【解析【解析】选选A。考查倒装句。句意:玛丽直到再一次读了自己。考查倒装句。句意:玛丽直到再一次读了自己的作文后才注意到这处拼写错误。的作文后才注意到这处拼写错误。only放在句首,引导状语放在句首,引导状语结构,后面的句子用倒装,叙述过去的

24、事情,用过去时,故结构,后面的句子用倒装,叙述过去的事情,用过去时,故选选A。19. (2011江苏高考江苏高考)It sounds like something is wrong with the cars engine. _, wed better take it to the garage immediately. A. Otherwise B. If notC. But for that D. If so【解析【解析】选选D。考查省略和替代。句意:听起来汽车的发动机。考查省略和替代。句意:听起来汽车的发动机好像有问题。如果这样的话,我们最好立刻把它送到汽修厂好像有问题。如果这样的话,我

25、们最好立刻把它送到汽修厂去。前后两句话之间是顺承关系。去。前后两句话之间是顺承关系。otherwise否则,要不然;否则,要不然;if not要不,不然;要不,不然;but for that若不是因为那样;若不是因为那样;if so若是这样。若是这样。根据句意,根据句意,D项最佳。项最佳。20. (2012湖南高考湖南高考)It was not until I came here _ I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather. A. who B. that C. where D.

26、before【解析【解析】选选B。考查强调句。句意:直到来到这儿我才意识到。考查强调句。句意:直到来到这儿我才意识到这个地方出名不仅仅是因为它的美丽,还因为它的气候。把这个地方出名不仅仅是因为它的美丽,还因为它的气候。把it was及空去掉,可转换为一个完整的句子。且这是表示及空去掉,可转换为一个完整的句子。且这是表示“直直到到才才”的句型之一:的句型之一:it was not until. . . that. . . 。故选。故选B。21. (2012重庆高考重庆高考)It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlant

27、ic _ Zheng He had sailed to East Africa. A. when B. that C. after D. since【解析【解析】选选B。考查强调句型。句意:在克里斯托弗。考查强调句型。句意:在克里斯托弗哥伦布哥伦布横跨大西洋的横跨大西洋的80年前,郑和就航行到了东非。句子虽然比较年前,郑和就航行到了东非。句子虽然比较长,但是其主干为强调句型,是对长,但是其主干为强调句型,是对“80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic”进行了强调,由进行了强调,由此可知,空白处应该填写此可知,空白处应该填

28、写that。因此正确答案为。因此正确答案为B选项。选项。22. (2012北京高考北京高考) _ at the door before you enter my room, please. A. Knock B. KnockingC. Knocked D. To knock【解析【解析】选选A。考查祈使句。句意:请在进入我房间前先敲门。考查祈使句。句意:请在进入我房间前先敲门。本句没有主语,属于发出指令,是祈使句,所以要用动词原本句没有主语,属于发出指令,是祈使句,所以要用动词原形。故选形。故选A。23. (2012江苏高考江苏高考)There is little doubt in your

29、mind that he is innocent, _? A. is there B. isnt thereC. is he D. isnt he【解析【解析】选选A。考查反意疑问句。句意:毫无疑问你认为他是。考查反意疑问句。句意:毫无疑问你认为他是无辜的,对吗?根据前面无辜的,对吗?根据前面there be 句里含有否定意义的词句里含有否定意义的词little,所以反意疑问句用肯定形式,其主谓应与陈述部分的主谓保所以反意疑问句用肯定形式,其主谓应与陈述部分的主谓保持一致,故选持一致,故选A项。项。24. (2011上海高考上海高考)It doesnt matter if they want

30、to come to your party, _? A. doesnt it B. does itC. dont they D. do they【解析【解析】选选B。考查反意疑问句。句意:他们是否想来参加你。考查反意疑问句。句意:他们是否想来参加你的聚会无关紧要,是吗?对的聚会无关紧要,是吗?对“It doesnt matter if+从句从句”句型句型进行反意疑问,需要针对主句进行反问,故选进行反意疑问,需要针对主句进行反问,故选B。25. (2011重庆高考重庆高考)I told them not everybody could run as fast as you did, _? A.

31、could he B. didnt IC. didnt you D. could they【解析【解析】 选选B。考查反意疑问句。句意:我告诉过他们并不。考查反意疑问句。句意:我告诉过他们并不是每个人都能跑得像你那么快,难道不是吗?含有宾语从句是每个人都能跑得像你那么快,难道不是吗?含有宾语从句的主从复合句,反意疑问句常与主句保持一致,本句的主句的主从复合句,反意疑问句常与主句保持一致,本句的主句为一般过去时的肯定形式,故选为一般过去时的肯定形式,故选B。 一、主谓一致一、主谓一致 原则原则主语主语谓语谓语典句例示典句例示语法语法一致一致原则原则单数单数单数单数The boy was stru

32、ggling for a better life. 复数复数复数复数The students are working hard to go to college. 原则原则主语主语谓语谓语典句例示典句例示就近就近一致一致原则原则由由or, either. . . or. . . , neither. . . nor. . . , not only. . . but (also). . . 等连接等连接与最近的主语与最近的主语在单复数上保在单复数上保持一致持一致Either the shirts or the sweater is worth buying. Not only the stude

33、nts but also their teacher is enjoying the film. 由由there, here引引起的主语不止一起的主语不止一个时个时和最邻近的主和最邻近的主语保持一致语保持一致There are two pencils and a pen on the desk. 原则原则主语主语谓语谓语典句例示典句例示意意义义一一致致原原则则由连词由连词and连接的并列成连接的并列成分指的是同一概念,兼具分指的是同一概念,兼具身份或匹配出现身份或匹配出现单单数数The poet and writer has come. Truth and honesty is the bes

34、t policy. no/each/every/many a+单单数名词数名词+and(+no/each/ every/many a)+单数名词单数名词Each boy and each girl has an apple. one/every one/each/ either/the number+of/the variety of+复数名词复数名词 The number of students from the north is small.原则原则主语主语谓语谓语典句例示典句例示意意义义一一致致原原则则 clothing, furniture, traffic, jewellery, b

35、aggage, equipment, luggage等无生命的集体等无生命的集体名词名词单数单数Clothing is badly needed in this flooded area. 以以-s结尾的表示学科、国结尾的表示学科、国家、机构、书籍、报刊家、机构、书籍、报刊等名称的词等名称的词Politics is often a topic for discussion. 表示时间、重量、距离、表示时间、重量、距离、价格、金钱、体积等复价格、金钱、体积等复数名词表达一个整体概数名词表达一个整体概念念 Ten years is a moment in history. 原则原则主语主语谓语谓语

36、典句例示典句例示意意义义一一致致原原则则由由every-, any-, some-, no-和和-one, -thing, -body等所构成的不定代词等所构成的不定代词 单数单数Is everybody here today? 动词动词-ing形式、动词不定形式、动词不定式和名词性从句式和名词性从句 Persuading him to join us seems really hard. Whatever was left was taken away. 原则原则主语主语谓语谓语典句例示典句例示意意义义一一致致原原则则由由and连接的两个并列成连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同的概念分表示两个不

37、同的概念复数复数A poet and a writer have come. people, police, cattle等有等有生命的集体名词生命的集体名词People read for pleasure during their spare time.一些常用作复数或只有一些常用作复数或只有复数形式的名词,如复数形式的名词,如goods, stairs, arms等等 The goods are sold out.原则原则主语主语谓语谓语典句例示典句例示意意义义一一致致原原则则山脉、群岛、瀑布、运山脉、群岛、瀑布、运动会等以动会等以-s结尾的专有名结尾的专有名词词复数复数The Olymp

38、ic Games are held once every four years. a number of+名词名词A number of students are from the south. 原则原则主语主语谓语谓语典句例示典句例示意意义义一一致致原原则则集体名词集体名词class, family, army, team, club, company, population, minority, enemy, party, crowd, crew, audience, public, committee, government, majority, group等强调整体时谓语等强调整体时谓

39、语用单数,指个体成员时用单数,指个体成员时谓语用复数谓语用复数 单复单复数视数视情况情况而定而定 Our family has a reunion every year. His family are waiting for him. 原则原则主语主语谓语谓语典句例示典句例示意意义义一一致致原原则则单复数同形的名词,如单复数同形的名词,如means, works, deer, fish, sheep等等单复单复数视数视情况情况而定而定Every means has been tried. All possible means have been tried. all, none, some,

40、any等不等不定代词作主语,根据其定代词作主语,根据其指代的内容而定指代的内容而定All is going on very well. All are present besides the professor. 原则原则主语主语谓语谓语典句例示典句例示意意义义一一致致原原则则“half/most/enough/part/the rest/the last/lots/ plenty/ 分数分数/百分数百分数+of+名词名词”作主语作主语, 谓语要和谓语要和of之后的名词单复数保之后的名词单复数保持一致持一致 单复单复数视数视情况情况而定而定About one third of the book

41、s are worth reading. Only 60 percent of the work has been done. 特特别别提提醒醒 what和和whatever引导主语从引导主语从句时谓语动词的单复数根据句时谓语动词的单复数根据从句所表达的意义上的数确从句所表达的意义上的数确定定What he says and does do not agree. What he says and does does not concern me.在定语从句中,关系代词作在定语从句中,关系代词作主语,其谓语动词的数和先主语,其谓语动词的数和先行词保持一致,但行词保持一致,但“one of+复数名

42、词复数名词”后面的定语从句后面的定语从句的谓语动词用复数,而在的谓语动词用复数,而在“the (only/very)one of+复数复数名词名词”后面所接的定语从句后面所接的定语从句中,谓语动词却用单数中,谓语动词却用单数He is one of the students who have taken part in the activity. He is the only one of the students who has taken part in the activity. 特特别别提提醒醒 当主语后有介词当主语后有介词with, together/along with, incl

43、uding, like, but, except, other than, rather than和和as well as等时,谓语动词应和等时,谓语动词应和前面的主语在人称和数上保前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致持一致The teacher as well as the students was excited at the news. Nobody except my parents knows anything about it. 由两部分构成的表示物体的由两部分构成的表示物体的名词,如名词,如trousers, glasses等等作主语时,谓语动词常用复作主语时,谓语动词常用复数,但是如

44、果这类名词前用数,但是如果这类名词前用了了a pair of/two(three)pairs of. . . 来修饰,谓语动词在数来修饰,谓语动词在数上要与上要与pair 保持一致保持一致These trousers need cleaning. This pair of trousers is mine. 特特别别提提醒醒 a quantity of/quantities of后后既可接可数名词,也可接不既可接可数名词,也可接不可数名词可数名词, 其谓语动词视情其谓语动词视情况而定况而定With more forests being destroyed, a large quantity o

45、f good earth is being washed away each year. (=With more forests being destroyed, quantities of good earth are being washed away each year. )由由“kind(form, type, sort, series)of”等修饰的主语,其等修饰的主语,其谓语形式取决于这些词的单谓语形式取决于这些词的单复数复数This new type of buses is now on show. All kinds of difficulties have to be ove

46、rcome. 特特别别提提醒醒 若用若用and连接两个动名词、连接两个动名词、不定式短语或主语从句,表不定式短语或主语从句,表示两个不同的概念则谓语动示两个不同的概念则谓语动词用复数形式。若表示同一词用复数形式。若表示同一概念,则谓语动词用单数形概念,则谓语动词用单数形式式Riding on the elephants and rowing the boats were the childrens favourite games. Getting up early and going to bed early is a good habit. 二、特殊句式二、特殊句式考点考点 1 倒装句的倒装

47、句的2种类型种类型 考查指数考查指数 类类 别别倒装条件倒装条件倒装方法倒装方法典句例示典句例示 全部倒全部倒装装 (把把全部谓全部谓语提到语提到主语之主语之前前) 以以here, there, out, in, up, down, away等副词开头,等副词开头,谓语动词多为谓语动词多为be, come, go等,主等,主语是名词语是名词副词副词+谓语谓语+主语主语Here are some picture books. Out rushed a cat from under the table.类类 别别倒装条件倒装条件倒装方法倒装方法典句例示典句例示 全部倒全部倒装装 (把把全部谓全部谓

48、语提到语提到主语之主语之前前) 以以then, now, thus, such开头,谓语开头,谓语动词多为动词多为come, follow, begin, end, be,主语是名词,主语是名词副词副词+谓语谓语+主语主语Then came a new difficulty. Such was Albert Einstein, a simple but great scientist.类类 别别倒装条件倒装条件倒装方法倒装方法典句例示典句例示 全部倒全部倒装装 (把把全部谓全部谓语提到语提到主语之主语之前前) 表地点的介词短表地点的介词短语位于句首,且语位于句首,且谓语动词为不及谓语动词为不及

49、物动词。主语是物动词。主语是名词名词介词短语介词短语+谓语谓语+主语主语 On the top of the hill stands a temple where the old man once lived. In a lecture hall of a university in England sat a professor. 类类 别别倒装条件倒装条件倒装方法倒装方法典句例示典句例示 全部倒全部倒装装 (把把全部谓全部谓语提到语提到主语之主语之前前) 表语置于句表语置于句首,为了保首,为了保持句子平衡,持句子平衡,以示强调,以示强调,或利于上下或利于上下文衔接文衔接介词介词短语短语形容

50、形容词词分词分词Outside the doctors clinic were 20 patients. Present at the meeting were experts from Europe. Seated in the first line are some advanced workers. +be+主主语语类类 别别倒装条件倒装条件倒装方法倒装方法典句例示典句例示 部分倒部分倒装装(助助动词,动词,系动词系动词be,情,情态动词态动词提到主提到主语前语前) only所修饰的副所修饰的副词、介词短语或词、介词短语或从句位于句首作从句位于句首作状语时状语时Only+副词副词/介词短

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