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1、Module 10Units 34Protecting ourselves Law and order重点单词重点单词1cure n治疗，疗法治疗，疗法 vt. 治愈治愈 【用法拓展用法拓展】 a cure for 治疗治疗的一种方法的一种方法 cure sb.of sth.治愈某人某疾病；改掉某人的某恶习治愈某人某疾病；改掉某人的某恶习 It is my belief that we will find a cure for cancer in the next ten years. 我相信十年后我们能找到治愈癌症的方法。我相信十年后我们能找到治愈癌症的方法。 A trip was the
2、perfect cure for overwork. 旅游是缓解工作过度劳累的良药。旅游是缓解工作过度劳累的良药。美国传统美国传统 Strong medicine cured the patient quickly. 强效药使这位患者迅速康复。强效药使这位患者迅速康复。美国传统美国传统【易混辨析易混辨析】treat/cure/heal(1)treat 治疗，指接受并诊治病人。包括对伤口、病人进行诊断，治疗，指接受并诊治病人。包括对伤口、病人进行诊断，制定治疗方案、开药方等。制定治疗方案、开药方等。Cancer is difficult to treat.癌症很难治疗。癌症很难治疗。(2)cur
3、e 治愈；治疗，多指病后恢复健康。治愈；治疗，多指病后恢复健康。The medicine cured her toothache.这药治好了她的牙痛。这药治好了她的牙痛。(3)heal (伤口或断骨伤口或断骨)愈合；复原，多指创伤，外伤，也可指矛愈合；复原，多指创伤，外伤，也可指矛盾，分歧。盾，分歧。The wound heals rapidly.伤口很快愈合了。伤口很快愈合了。即学即用即学即用Those students expect their teacher to _ from disease very soon. Acure Btreat Cheal Drecover 答案答案：DHi
4、s doctor promised him that the new medicine would be the cure _ his illness. Aof Bin Cfor Das 答案答案：C2infect v感染感染 【用法拓展用法拓展】 infect sb.with 传染传染/感染某人感染某人 become/get/be infected with 被被感染感染 infection n. 传染，传染病传染，传染病 infective adj.传染的传染的,有传染性的有传染性的 It is dangerous to become infected with bird flu. 感染了
5、禽流感是危险的。感染了禽流感是危险的。 Her optimism seemed to infect all those around her. 她的乐观情绪似乎感染了周围所有的人。她的乐观情绪似乎感染了周围所有的人。剑桥高阶剑桥高阶 A computer virus may lurk unseen in a computers memory，calling up and infecting each of the machines data files in turn. 计算机病毒可潜伏在计算机存储器中，依次调出并感染计算计算机病毒可潜伏在计算机存储器中，依次调出并感染计算 机中的每一个数据文
6、档。机中的每一个数据文档。剑桥高阶剑桥高阶即学即用即学即用完成句子完成句子We _ _ _ _(不会染上不会染上) HIV by swimming in a pool，or sitting in a bath. 答案答案：cant become infected withPeople who have been infected with a disease must take care _ _ _ _(别感染给其他人别感染给其他人) around them. 答案答案：not to infect othersShe _ the whole class _ her laughter. 她的笑声
7、感染了全班同学。她的笑声感染了全班同学。 答案答案：infected; with3promote v提拔，晋升；促销，宣传；促进，推动提拔，晋升；促销，宣传；促进，推动 【用法拓展用法拓展】 promote sb.to 提拔某人为提拔某人为 be promoted to 被提拔为被提拔为 promotion n提升，晋升提升，晋升 win/gain/get promotion 获得晋级获得晋级 He certainly ought to be promoted.他应该被提升。他应该被提升。 Shes just been promoted to senior sales rep. 她刚刚被提升为
8、高级销售代表。她刚刚被提升为高级销售代表。剑桥高阶剑桥高阶 The Prime Ministers visit will promote the cooperation between the two countries. 首相的访问将促进两国间的合作。首相的访问将促进两国间的合作。 Did Steve get/Was Steve given the promotion he wanted？ 史蒂夫得到他梦寐以求的提升了吗？史蒂夫得到他梦寐以求的提升了吗？剑桥高阶剑桥高阶即学即用即学即用完成句子完成句子She worked hard and _ _ _(很快被提很快被提 升为升为) to th
9、e sales manager. 答案答案：was soon promotedThe aim of the meeting is to _ _(促进贸易促进贸易) between the two countries. 答案答案：promote trade_ _ _ _ _(为了推销他为了推销他 们的新洗发水们的新洗发水)，they are selling it at half price for a month. 答案答案：To promote their new shampooThey are trying to promote the Loch Ness Lake _ _ _ _(推广为旅
10、游景点推广为旅游景点) 答案答案：as a tourist destination4swallow v吞咽，咽下；哽咽吞咽，咽下；哽咽 n燕子燕子 【用法拓展用法拓展】 swallow up 吞没，消失在吞没，消失在中中 swallow ones words 收回自己的话收回自己的话 swallow ones pride 放下架子，不顾自己的尊严放下架子，不顾自己的尊严 He put a grape into his mouth and swallowed it whole. 他把一颗葡萄放进嘴里，一口吞下。他把一颗葡萄放进嘴里，一口吞下。 He swallowed hard and said
11、，“Dad，Ive got something to tell you.”他哽咽道：他哽咽道：“爸爸，我有事要告诉你。爸爸，我有事要告诉你。” I had to swallow my words when the scheme turned out to be a great success. 结果这个计划非常成功，我不得不承认我之前说的话是错的。结果这个计划非常成功，我不得不承认我之前说的话是错的。 剑桥高阶剑桥高阶 He was forced to swallow his pride and ask if he could have his old job back. 他不得不抛开面子，问
12、能不能回到原来的工作岗位上。他不得不抛开面子，问能不能回到原来的工作岗位上。剑桥高阶剑桥高阶即学即用即学即用辨别下列辨别下列swallow的意思的意思My throat is so sore that it really hurts when I swallow. 答案答案：吞下，咽下：吞下，咽下She swallowed the insult without comment. 答案答案：忍受：忍受The story about her father being rich is hard to swallow. 答案答案：相信：相信Though she was really angry，she
13、 swallowed her anger and turned to face him. 答案答案：抑制，掩饰：抑制，掩饰There were two swallows nesting above our front door. 答案答案：燕子：燕子Peter booked a long swallow of his drink and then ate some cookies. 答案答案：一口，一次吞咽的量：一口，一次吞咽的量5addictive adj.使人上瘾的，使人入迷的使人上瘾的，使人入迷的 【用法拓展用法拓展】 addict vt.使沉溺；嗜好；使使沉溺；嗜好；使.成瘾，热衷于成
14、瘾，热衷于 addict oneself to 沉溺于，醉心于沉溺于，醉心于 be addicted to 嗜好，热衷嗜好，热衷 addicted adj.沉溺于沉溺于中的中的 addiction n沉溺，上瘾；嗜好沉溺，上瘾；嗜好 Im addicted to(I very often eat/drink)chocolate/lattes. 我吃巧克力我吃巧克力/喝拿铁咖啡上瘾。喝拿铁咖啡上瘾。剑桥高阶剑桥高阶 The problem with video games is that theyre addictive. 电子游戏的问题在于它们会使人上瘾。电子游戏的问题在于它们会使人上瘾。剑桥
15、高阶剑桥高阶 Hes got an addictive personality.他具有成瘾性格。他具有成瘾性格。剑桥高阶剑桥高阶即学即用即学即用He has been _ from a certain form of mental disorder for twenty years. A suffering B addicted C infected D consulted 答案答案：A6.order n秩序，有条理，整齐，正常状况秩序，有条理，整齐，正常状况 【用法拓展用法拓展】 keep order 维持秩序维持秩序 law and order 治安治安 in order 按秩序，按顺序，
16、恰当的按秩序，按顺序，恰当的 in order of 以以的顺序的顺序 out of order 出毛病，没条理出毛病，没条理 place an order for 订购订购 in order to do 为了为了 in order for sth.为了为了 We must work towards a new social order. 我们一定要努力实现新的社会秩序。我们一定要努力实现新的社会秩序。 The teacher found it hard to keep her class in order. 老师发现很难维持课堂秩序。老师发现很难维持课堂秩序。剑桥高阶剑桥高阶 His beh
17、aviour in the meeting was out of order(not suitable for the situation) 他在会上的行为不妥。他在会上的行为不妥。剑桥高阶剑桥高阶 I agreed to her suggestion in order not to upset her. 为了不让她伤心，我同意了她的建议。为了不让她伤心，我同意了她的建议。剑桥高阶剑桥高阶即学即用即学即用完成句子完成句子There is a complete breakdown in _ _ _. 治安荡然无存。治安荡然无存。 答案答案：law and orderThe children li
18、ned up _ _. 孩子按年龄或高矮顺序排好队。孩子按年龄或高矮顺序排好队。 答案答案：in orderI cant find the file I need because theyre all _ _ _. 我找不到需要的文件，因为他们杂乱无章。我找不到需要的文件，因为他们杂乱无章。 答案答案：out of order7hatred n憎恨，仇恨；憎恶；恶意憎恨，仇恨；憎恶；恶意 【用法拓展用法拓展】 have a hatred for/of 憎恶憎恶 in hatred of 憎恨憎恨 hate doing/to do 讨厌做讨厌做 hate to think 不愿意想不愿意想 ha
19、te it when. 不喜欢，讨厌，不喜欢，讨厌，it充当形式宾语充当形式宾语 hate to do/doing 讨厌，不喜欢做某事讨厌，不喜欢做某事 dislike doing 不喜欢做某事，不能用不喜欢做某事，不能用dislike to do He looked at me with hatred in his eyes. 他以憎恨的眼光看着我。他以憎恨的眼光看着我。 They are fighting against racial hatred. 他们在为反对种族仇恨而战。他们在为反对种族仇恨而战。美国传统美国传统 We hate washing dishes.我们讨厌洗盘子。我们讨厌
20、洗盘子。美国传统美国传统即学即用即学即用完成句子完成句子The peasants _ _ _ _ _ the landlords. 农民们对地主怀有刻骨的仇恨。农民们对地主怀有刻骨的仇恨。 答案答案：have a deep hatred for I _ _ _ (讨厌去想讨厌去想) how much money I have spent. 答案答案：hate to think单项选择单项选择 I hate _ when my parents argue about trifles. Athat Bone Cit Dthis 答案答案：C21228offensive adj.冒犯的，唐突的，讨厌
21、的，令人不快的，进攻冒犯的，唐突的，讨厌的，令人不快的，进攻 的的 n攻击，攻势攻击，攻势 【用法拓展用法拓展】 an offensive against the enemy 向敌人进攻向敌人进攻 on the offensive 采取攻势，进攻中的采取攻势，进攻中的 take the offensive 进攻，采取攻势进攻，采取攻势 offence n犯罪；冒犯，违反，罪过犯罪；冒犯，违反，罪过 offend v犯罪；冒犯，违反，得罪犯罪；冒犯，违反，得罪 His ideas are offensive to the government. 他的思想使政府不快。他的思想使政府不快。 His
22、thoughtless remark put her on the offensive. 他无心说的话招来她一通回击。他无心说的话招来她一通回击。美国传统美国传统即学即用即学即用There were complaints that the advertisement was _ to women.Aaccessible Bavailable Cflexible Doffensive答案答案：DHe came to know that he had committed an offence _ the will of the majority.Afor Bagainst Cto Dof答案答案：
23、B23249.identify vt.认出；识别；鉴定；使等同；认为一致认出；识别；鉴定；使等同；认为一致 【用法拓展用法拓展】 identify.as. 把把认作认作 identify.with. 把把与与等同起来，与等同起来，与混为一谈混为一谈 identify oneself with 同同打成一片打成一片 identify with 与与感同身受感同身受 be identified with 与与有关系有关系 identification n身份证，证明，确认身份证，证明，确认 Can you identify your umbrella among a lot？ 你能在这些伞中认出你
24、自己的吗？你能在这些伞中认出你自己的吗？ We identified the bird as an eagle.我们确认那是一只鹰我们确认那是一只鹰.美国传统美国传统 That economist is identified with conservative political groups. 那位经济学家与保守派政治团体关系密切。那位经济学家与保守派政治团体关系密切。美国传统美国传统即学即用即学即用完成句子完成句子Never _ wealth _ happiness.千万不要把财富和幸福等同起来。千万不要把财富和幸福等同起来。答案答案：identify；withI _ _ the hero
25、ine of the novel.我与小说中的那个女主人公感同身受。我与小说中的那个女主人公感同身受。答案答案：identified withLiving in the countryside，he _ _ _ the peasants.他在农村生活，与农民打成一片。他在农村生活，与农民打成一片。答案答案：identified himself with25262710. aboard adv.&prep.在船在船(或飞机，车或飞机，车)上，上船上，上船(飞机或车飞机或车) 【用法拓展用法拓展】 welcome aboard 欢迎搭乘欢迎搭乘(航班，轮船，火车航班，轮船，火车)；欢迎加盟；欢迎加
26、盟 on board 在船上或车上或飞机上在船上或车上或飞机上 go/come/get on board 上车上车/船船/飞机飞机 on the board 在委员会，董事会在委员会，董事会 abroad adv.在国外在国外 broad adj.宽的宽的 board n木板，木板，(供特殊用途的供特殊用途的)木板，甲板木板，甲板 vt.提供膳食，提供膳食， 上上(船、飞机等船、飞机等) All passengers aboard fell into the river. 船上所有的乘客都落入河中。船上所有的乘客都落入河中。 Its time for passengers to go aboa
27、rd.旅客们登机的时间到了。旅客们登机的时间到了。 美国传统美国传统 Everyone was boarding up the windows before the storm. 暴风雨来临前，每个人都在用木板封窗户。暴风雨来临前，每个人都在用木板封窗户。美国传统美国传统即学即用即学即用完成句子完成句子They were the last two_ _ _.他们是最后两位上船的。他们是最后两位上船的。答案答案：to go aboardEverybody _ _ was worried and we were curious to find out what had happened.车上的人都
28、很着急，而且我们急于想了解出了什么事。车上的人都很着急，而且我们急于想了解出了什么事。答案答案：on board2829重点短语重点短语1lose sb.to sth.因某事失去某人因某事失去某人 【用法拓展用法拓展】 lose to/against sb.负于某人负于某人 lose ones breath 喘不过气来喘不过气来 lose touch with 失去联系失去联系 lose ones way 迷路迷路 lose ones balance 失去平衡失去平衡 lose control of 失去控制失去控制 lose sight of 看不见看不见 lose track of 失去线
29、索失去线索 lose oneself in 全神贯注于全神贯注于 lose out on得不到得不到(需要或应有的东西需要或应有的东西) If action is not taken，more and more children will lose their parents to AIDS. 如果不采取行动，越来越多的孩子将会因艾滋病而失去父母。如果不采取行动，越来越多的孩子将会因艾滋病而失去父母。 He gambled all his money and lost his shirt. 他押上了所有的钱，结果输得分文不剩。他押上了所有的钱，结果输得分文不剩。美国传统美国传统 He lost
30、 out on the opportunity because he did not say he was interested. 他错过了那次机会，因为他没说他感兴趣。他错过了那次机会，因为他没说他感兴趣。美国传统美国传统即学即用即学即用用用lose短语填空短语填空_ _ _ the book，he didnt notice what happened to his house.答案答案：Lost in/Losing himself inWhile crossing the narrow bridge，he suddenly _ _ _ and fell into the river.答案答
31、案：lost his balanceHe has suffered a lot since he _ _ in the big fire.答案答案：lost sightGood friends should never _ _ _ each other.答案答案：lose touch with303132332be familiar with 对对熟悉；通晓熟悉；通晓 【用法拓展用法拓展】 be familiar with sth.熟悉某事物熟悉某事物 be familiar with sb.与某人过分亲密与某人过分亲密 be familiar to sb.为某人所熟悉为某人所熟悉 He is
32、 familiar with Chinese ancient history.他通晓中国古代历史。他通晓中国古代历史。 We are on familiar terms with the neighbors.我们跟邻居关系融洽。我们跟邻居关系融洽。 美国传统美国传统 It is a mistake to be too familiar with ones boss. 跟自己的上司太过放肆是个错误。跟自己的上司太过放肆是个错误。美国传统美国传统即学即用即学即用Jay is familiar _ young fans and he is familiar _ music.Ato；with Bwit
33、h；to Cwith；with Dto；to答案答案：A3subscribe to 同意，赞成；预订，订阅同意，赞成；预订，订阅 【用法拓展用法拓展】 subscribe for/to a book 订购书籍订购书籍 subscribe to a magazine 订阅杂志订阅杂志 subscribe to an opinion 同意某一意见同意某一意见 We firmly subscribe to the belief that there will be a large market for our new product very soon. 我们相信我们的新产品很快就会有较大的市场份额
34、。我们相信我们的新产品很快就会有较大的市场份额。 I stopped subscribing to the Readers Digest and no longer received their monthly magazine. 我不再订阅读者文摘了，再也不会收到他们的月刊了。我不再订阅读者文摘了，再也不会收到他们的月刊了。 Frank subscribed firmly to the belief that human kindness would overcome evil. 弗兰克坚信人类的善良能够战胜邪恶。弗兰克坚信人类的善良能够战胜邪恶。剑桥高阶剑桥高阶即学即用即学即用The go
35、vernment still _ the view that higher taxes are unpopular with the people.Aadjusts to Badapts to Csubscribes to Dcontributes to答案答案：CHe _ the magazine and is given some money.Aadjusts to Badapts to Csubscribes to Dcontributes to答案答案：D35364.choke back 控制住，忍住控制住，忍住 【用法拓展用法拓展】 choke down 困难地咽下，屈辱地接受困难地
36、咽下，屈辱地接受 choke off 阻止，劝阻阻止，劝阻 choke up 阻塞，装得太满；说不出话来阻塞，装得太满；说不出话来 choke on 噎住噎住 choke to death 窒息而亡窒息而亡 “John has had an accident，”she said，choking back the tears. “约翰出车祸了，约翰出车祸了，”她强忍住眼泪说。她强忍住眼泪说。剑桥高阶剑桥高阶 Children can choke on peanuts. 小孩子吃花生会噎住的。小孩子吃花生会噎住的。剑桥高阶剑桥高阶 She choked to death on a fish bon
37、e. 她被鱼刺卡住后窒息而亡。她被鱼刺卡住后窒息而亡。剑桥高阶剑桥高阶即学即用即学即用用用choke短语填空短语填空He didnt like food but he managed to _ it _.答案答案：choke；downThe girl talked endlessly and her mother had to _ her _.答案答案：choke；offHe _ _ and couldnt finish his speech.答案答案：choked upHearing her mean words，I stood there and trembling and trying
38、to _ _ tears.答案答案：choke back373839405relate to 涉及，有关；与涉及，有关；与有关；能理解或同情有关；能理解或同情 【用法拓展用法拓展】 relate.to/with 在思想上或意义上把在思想上或意义上把与与联系在一起联系在一起 relate sth.to sb.向某人讲述某事向某人讲述某事 be related to 与与有关系有关系 be connected with 与与有联系有联系 be involved in/with sth.与与有关联，涉及有关联，涉及 have something to do with 与与有关系有关系 I cant
39、relate what he does to what he says. 我无法把他的言行联系在一起。我无法把他的言行联系在一起。Experts believe that the large number of cancer cases in the area are directly related to the new nuclear power station.专家们认为，专家们认为，该地区癌症病例的大量出现和新建的核电站之间有直接关系。该地区癌症病例的大量出现和新建的核电站之间有直接关系。剑桥高阶剑桥高阶Many parents find it hard to relate to th
40、eir children when they are teenagers.很多父母感到，当孩子到了十几岁的时候，就很难理解他们了。很多父母感到，当孩子到了十几岁的时候，就很难理解他们了。剑桥高阶剑桥高阶即学即用即学即用The matter _ your fate can not be taken for granted.Arelating to Brelated to Crelate to Dto relate to答案答案：B416break into 侵入，破门而入；突然侵入，破门而入；突然起来起来 【用法拓展用法拓展】 break up 解散，驱散，分解，分手解散，驱散，分解，分手 br
41、eak down抛锚，出故障，毁掉，坍塌，崩溃抛锚，出故障，毁掉，坍塌，崩溃 break in 强行闯入，打岔强行闯入，打岔 break out (疾病，战争，火灾疾病，战争，火灾)突然爆发突然爆发 break off 中止，中断中止，中断 break through 突破，强行穿过突破，强行穿过 break away 突然离开，放弃突然离开，放弃 break away from 与与脱离关系脱离关系 His house was broken into last week.上周有人闯入了他的房屋。上周有人闯入了他的房屋。 As the presidents car arrived，the cr
42、owd broke into loud applause. 总统的汽车到达时，人群中爆发出热烈的掌声。总统的汽车到达时，人群中爆发出热烈的掌声。 She broke off in the middle of a sentence. 她话说了一半突然打住了。她话说了一半突然打住了。剑桥高阶剑桥高阶即学即用即学即用Burglars once _ our house while we were away.Abroke in Bbroke into Cbroke out Dbroke down答案答案：BIt was almost at midnight that a fire _ in the ne
43、ighborhood.Abroke up Bbroke into Cbroke out Dbroke down答案答案：C42437apply to 适用于，应用于适用于，应用于 【用法拓展用法拓展】 apply for 申请，请求申请，请求 apply oneself to 致力于，集中精力做某事致力于，集中精力做某事 apply ones mind to 专心于专心于 apply sth.to. 把把施于，把施于，把运用于运用于 applied adj.应用的应用的 application n适用，应用适用，应用 The discount no longer applies to him
44、because hes over eighteen. 他不再享受打折优惠，因为他已经超过他不再享受打折优惠，因为他已经超过18岁了。岁了。 You can solve any problem if you apply yourself. 如果你努力，任何问题都能解决。如果你努力，任何问题都能解决。剑桥高阶剑桥高阶 Please apply in writing to the address below. 请将书面申请寄到以下地址。请将书面申请寄到以下地址。剑桥高阶剑桥高阶即学即用即学即用完成句子完成句子You should _ what you have learnt _ daily work
45、.你应该把所学的用到日常工作中去。你应该把所学的用到日常工作中去。答案答案：apply；toWhat I have said _ _ _ you.我所说的与你无关。我所说的与你无关。答案答案：doesnt apply toThe newcomer _ _ _ _ the job.新来的职员工作专心致志。新来的职员工作专心致志。答案答案：applies his mind toOne should be confident while _ _ a position.一个人在申请职位时一定要自信。一个人在申请职位时一定要自信。答案答案：applying for444546478be faced wi
46、th 面临，面对面临，面对 【用法拓展】【用法拓展】 face up to 正视，面对正视，面对 (Lets) face it.实话实说实话实说 face facts 正视现实；正视事实正视现实；正视事实 cant face sth.不想做，不想处理不想做，不想处理 face the music 认错受罚，接受批评认错受罚，接受批评 This country is faced with the war.这个国家目前正面临着战争这个国家目前正面临着战争. Shes going to have to face up to the fact that hes not going to marry h
47、er. 她将不得不接受他不会娶她这一事实。她将不得不接受他不会娶她这一事实。剑桥高阶剑桥高阶 I cant face walking up all those steps again. 我可受不了再爬一遍那些台阶。我可受不了再爬一遍那些台阶。剑桥高阶剑桥高阶即学即用即学即用_ with difficult situation，Arnold decided to ask his boss for advice.ATo face BHaving faced CFaced DFacing答案答案：C 489take sb.to court 起诉某人，控告某人起诉某人，控告某人 【用法拓展用法拓展】
48、go to court 上法庭上法庭 come to court 开始审理开始审理 settle out of court 庭外和解庭外和解 pay court to sb.讨好某人，对某人献殷勤讨好某人，对某人献殷勤 I took her to court for repayment of the debt. 我为索取债务而起诉她。我为索取债务而起诉她。 The lack of evidence means that the case is unlikely to go to court. 缺乏证据意味着本案不大可能提交法庭。缺乏证据意味着本案不大可能提交法庭。剑桥高阶剑桥高阶 The ne
49、wspaper has agreed to settle out of court.这家报纸已同这家报纸已同 意庭外和解。意庭外和解。剑桥高阶剑桥高阶即学即用即学即用It took five years for the case to _ to court.Atake Bgo Ccome Dpay答案答案：C49重点句子重点句子1HIV and AIDS are spreading across the world at a frightening rate，with about 14,000 people being infected daily.艾滋病病毒和艾滋病病毒和 艾滋病在全球以令人
50、恐怖的速度传播艾滋病在全球以令人恐怖的速度传播,大约每天有大约每天有1万万4千人被感染千人被感染. 【用法拓展用法拓展】 at a.rate 以以的速度的速度 with 复合结构在句中作伴随状语。复合结构在句中作伴随状语。 with名词或代词名词或代词v.ing分词，其中分词，其中v.ing分词表示主动或正在进分词表示主动或正在进 行的动作；行的动作； with名词或代词名词或代词v.ed分词，其中分词，其中v.ed分词表示被动或已完成分词表示被动或已完成 的动作；的动作； with名词或代词不定式，其中不定式表示将来的动作；名词或代词不定式，其中不定式表示将来的动作； with名词或代词形容