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1、 Information sources for export opportunities Export and import financing Process of international trade transaction Countertrade Trade associations Government agencies Commercial bankssogo shoshaGerman trade association U.S DepartmentOf Commerce the problem in international trade is lack of trustPr
2、eference of exporter 1 Importer pays for goods 2 Exporter ships goods after being paidPreference of importer 1 Importer ships goods2 Exporter pays after goods are received ImporterExporterImporterExporterImporterExporter1 Importer obtains banks promise2 Bank promises exporter to pay 3 Exporter ships
3、 goods4 Bank pays exporter 5 Bank gives goods to importer6 Importer pays bank Letter of credit (L/C) stands at the center of international commercial transactions. Issued by a bank at the request of an importer, L/C states that bank will pay a specific sum of money to a beneficiary, normally the exp
4、orter, on presentation of particular and specified documents. A draft is an order written by an exporter instructing an importer, or an importers agent to pay a specified amount of money at a specified time. Maker: the person or business initiating the draft Drawee: the party to whom the draft is pr
5、esented Sight draft is payable on presentation to the drawee. Time draft allows for a delay in payment normally 30, 60, 90, or 120 days. Bankers acceptance: when a time draft is drawn on and accepted by a bank. Trade acceptance: when a time draft is drawn on and accepted by a business firmBill of la
6、ding is issued to the exporter by the common carrier transporting the merchandise.It serves three purposes:1. A receipt 2. A contract 3. A document of title Countertrade denotes a whole range of barter-like agreements; its principle is to trade goods and services for other goods and services when th
7、ey can not be traded for money. Saudi Arabia crude oil Boeing747 jetCompensation /Buyback Switch Trading Offset Counter-purchase Barter A way to finance an export deal when other means are not availableAllow firms to remain competitive with other major competitors who are good at countertrade. Invol
8、ves unusable or poor quality goodsRequires firm to invest in an in-house trading department dedicated to managing countertrade deals. Letter of credit Draft /bill of exchange bill of lading Sight draft Time draft Bankers acceptance Trade acceptance Countertrade Barter Switching trading Offset 信用证 汇票 提单 即期汇票 远期汇票 银行承兑 商业承兑 对等贸易 易货贸易 转手贸易 抵销 What changes does information technology bring to the practice of export and import? Do you know EDI? What benefits does it have? How do you see the development of countertrade? Under what scenarios might its popularity increase in the years to come?