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1、Grammar Grammara. should, ought to都可表示都可表示“应该应该”。ought to用于用于表示按道理应当表示按道理应当，常指，常指客客观的义务或责任观的义务或责任，大多数情况下可用大多数情况下可用should代替，但比代替，但比should语气重语气重。I should help her because she is in trouble.You ought to take care of the baby.b. 表示劝告、建议或命令时，表示劝告、建议或命令时，should和和ought to可通用可通用，但在，但在疑问句中常用疑问句中常用should。ough
2、t to的否定式为的否定式为oughtnt to或或ought not to。You should / ought to go to class right away.Should I open the window?What should we do next?c. should, ought to都可表示推测。都可表示推测。He ought to / should be home by now. This is where the oil ought to / should be. should 和和ought to 后面跟动词不定式的完后面跟动词不定式的完成式成式,其肯定句表示其肯定句表
3、示”过去应该做而未做过去应该做而未做”, 其否定句则表示其否定句则表示”过去不该做但做了过去不该做但做了”。You should/ought to have made the decision a week ago.I shouldnt have made such a foolish mistake. 多数情况下，多数情况下，ought to 可与可与should互换使互换使用。用。ought to的反意疑问句用的反意疑问句用shouldnt替替代。代。注意注意You ought to have helped him with his English, _ ?A. wont you B. o
4、ught not youC. shouldnt youD. wouldnt you 2. must和和have to must的用法的用法 1）表示主观的义务和必要）表示主观的义务和必要, 主要用于主要用于肯定句和疑问句肯定句和疑问句, 意思为意思为 “必须必须，得得，要，要”；由；由must 引起的疑问引起的疑问句，肯定回答要用句，肯定回答要用must或或have to, 否定回否定回答要用答要用neednt或或dont have to, 意思是意思是“不必不必” ； must的否定形式的否定形式mustnt表示禁止，表示禁止，意思是意思是“不能，不许不能，不许”。如：。如： Must I
5、finish the task right now? 我现在必须完成这个工作吗？我现在必须完成这个工作吗？ Yes, you must. / Yes, you have to. 是的。是的。 (No, you neednt. / No, you dont have to. 不，不必。不，不必。) You mustnt come here without permission. 未经允许，你不能来这儿。未经允许，你不能来这儿。 have to 的用法的用法 1）must表示一种主观的需要，而表示一种主观的需要，而have to 表示一种客观的需要，意思表示一种客观的需要，意思是是“不得不不得不”
6、。 如：如： I have to attend an important meeting this afternoon. 今天下午我不得不参加一个重要今天下午我不得不参加一个重要的会议。的会议。 Mother is out, so I have to look after the shop. 妈妈不在家，因此我不得不照看妈妈不在家，因此我不得不照看商店。商店。 2）have to 的否定形式是的否定形式是dont have to, 相当于相当于neednt。如：。如： They dont have to buy a computer at present. 他们目前没有必要买电脑。他们目前没有
7、必要买电脑。 【考例【考例】The boss has given everyone a special holiday, so we _ go to work tomorrow. (上海上海 2007春春)A. cant B. mustntC. neednt D. shouldnt【点拨【点拨】考查情态动词。根据题意考查情态动词。根据题意, 可知可知这里表示这里表示“没有必要没有必要”, 故只能选故只能选C项。项。【考例【考例】What do you think we can do for our aged parents?You_ do anything except to be with
8、them and be yourself. (重庆重庆 2007)A. dont have to B. oughtnt toC. mustnt D. cant 【点拨【点拨】根据题意根据题意“除了和他们呆在一除了和他们呆在一起做你自己外起做你自己外, 没有必要做任何事情。没有必要做任何事情。”可知这里选择可知这里选择dont have to表示表示“不必不必”。故选故选A项。项。3. must和和have toa. need作情态动词时作情态动词时, 只能用于疑问句只能用于疑问句和否定句。构成否定句和疑问句时不和否定句。构成否定句和疑问句时不借助于助动词借助于助动词do。 Need I fin
9、ish the work today? Yes, you must. / No, you neednt.b. must的肯定形式表示的肯定形式表示“必须必须”，否定，否定式式 表示表示“禁止、严禁禁止、严禁”。 You must come here. You mustnt take the book away from the library. 用下列图片造句。用下列图片造句。做适当的运动做适当的运动 You should do some sports. 慢慢地进食，并有助消化。慢慢地进食，并有助消化。 You ought to eat slowly and its good for dige
10、stion. You should help to set the dinner table. You should keep your room clean.We must listen to the teacher carefully.We mustnt eat in class.You ought to hand on the homework on time.You shouldnt be late for school.We should ask question actively.We shouldnt make noise in class.Make sentences 1. 你
11、每天最少要练习一小时口语。你每天最少要练习一小时口语。 You must practise speaking English at least an hour a day 2. 我每天不得不练习一小时口语！我每天不得不练习一小时口语！ I have to practise speaking English an hour a day！ 3. 你应该每天练习不止一小时。你应该每天练习不止一小时。 You ought toshould practice English for more than an hour 4. 你应该读一下这个。它写得很好。你应该读一下这个。它写得很好。 You ought
12、 toshould read this Its very good 5. 你必须读这个。写得精彩极了！你必须读这个。写得精彩极了！ You must read thisIts marvelous！ Please choose a proper phrase and according to the situations complete the sentences by using should (not) or ought (not) to. 1. Lisa needs a change. She _. 2. My salary is very low. You _. should/ough
13、t to take a few days offshould look for a new job 3. Nick always has difficulty getting up. He _ _. 4. What a beautiful view! You _. 5. Billys room isnt very interesting. He _ _.ought not to /shouldnt go to bed so lateshould take a photoshouldnt/ ought not to use hercar so much1. _ to discuss someth
14、ing with someone so that you can make a decision together 2. _ to change food that you have just eaten into substances that your body can use 练习坊练习坊I.根据下列英文解释写出所缺的单词。根据下列英文解释写出所缺的单词。consultdigest3. _ a long pointed orange vegetable that grows under the ground 4. _ containing poison or producing pois
15、on carrotpoisonous1. For a long time, Ive built my business with people who are _ (精力旺盛的精力旺盛的), creative, and happy about their work.2. This rich food doesnt _ (消化消化) easily.energeticdigest根据下列各句句意及所给单词的汉语根据下列各句句意及所给单词的汉语提示提示, 写出各单词的正确形式。写出各单词的正确形式。3. The dish of boiled beef and _ (胡萝卜胡萝卜) tastes go
16、od.4. An increasing number of people are _ (请教请教) their accountants about the tax laws. 5. This medicine is _ (有毒有毒) if taken in large quantities.carrotconsultingpoisonousmust; oughtnt to; dont have to; couldnt;mustnt; neednt; cant; have toII.用所给的情态动词填空。用所给的情态动词填空。1. You _ go on working because you
17、look so tired now. 2. The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I _ have had the trouble to carry my umbrella with me. oughtnt to / dont have to needntmust; oughtnt to; dont have to; couldnt;mustnt; neednt; cant; have to3. If you earn more than 5,000, you _ pay tax. 4. You _ play now!You shall fi
18、nish your homework first! 5. I know things are hard with you, but you _ try to get over the difficulties.have tomustntmust / have tomust; oughtnt to; dont have to; couldnt;mustnt; neednt; cant; have to6. I didnt see her at the meeting this morning; she _ have spoken at the meeting. couldnt / cant1.
19、I thought you _like something to read, so I have brought you some books. A. may B. might C. would D. must 2. Where is my pen? I _it. A. might lose B. would have lost C. should have lost D. must have lost高考链接高考链接3. I didnt hear the phone. I _asleep. A. must be B. must have been C. should be D. should
20、 have been4. -Is John coming by train? -He should, but he _ not. He likes driving his car. (2002高考题）高考题） A. must B. can C. need D. may5.It has been announced that candidates (候选人候选人) _ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected. (2002上海上海高考题）高考题） A. can B. will C. may D. shall6.
21、-I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter. (2002北京北京高考题）高考题） -It _ true because there was little snow there. A. may not be B. wont be C. couldnt be D. mustnt be7. -There were already five people in the car, but they managed to take me as well. -It _a comfortable journey. A. cant be B. shouldnt be C. mustnt have been D. couldnt have been 8. Its nearly seven oclock . Jack _ be here at any moment. A. must B. need C. should D. couldHomework 1. Preview the reading (2) and reading task on Page 52. See how the story ended. 2. Find some information about healthy eating on the Internet.