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1、名词性从句名词性从句何谓名词性从句在英文中，名词或名词性短语在句子中充当四种句子成分：主语，宾语，表语，和同位语。名词从句就是用三种句子来分别充当另外一个句子的四种句子成分。1.陈述句作句子成分，要在陈述句句首加上thatEg：ThatEnglishisimportantisanundoubtedfact.Ivelearnedthatlove,nottimehealsallwounds.Myideaisthatthechildshouldbesenttoschool.Thefactthathesucceededintheexperimentpleasedeverybody.*为何要加thatT
2、hatEnglishisimportantisanundoubtedfact.主语从句谓语部分假设把that去掉，上句就变成了：Englishisimportantisanundoubtedfact.那么这句话就有两个中心谓语部分，即isimportant和isanundoubtedfact。但是，在英文中，句子的核心意思主要是靠谓语部分来表达的，一个句子只表达一个核心意思，也就是讲只能有一个谓语部分。2.一般疑问句作句子成分用whether或if引导Eg:WillhecometomypartyWhetherhewillcometomypartymakesnodifferencestome.D
3、oesheneedmyhelpIdontknowif/whetherheneedsmyhelp.WillpeopleliveonthemoonsomedayMyquestioniswhetherpeoplewillliveonthemoonsomeday.IstherelifeonotherplanetsScientistshavearguedoverthequestionwhetherthereislifeonotherplanets,*if一般只用于引导宾语从句，而whether能够引导包括宾语从句在内的其他从句。且if和ornot不能直接连用，但能够讲ifornot。但whether没有
4、此限制。3.特殊疑问句作句子成分变倒装语序为陈述语序。Eg:WhydiddinosaursbecomeextinctWhydinosaursbecameextinctisstillamystery.HowmanylettersarethereintheEnglishalphabetIdontknowhowmanylettersthereareintheEnglishalphabet.WhatarewebadlyinneedofMoneyiswhatwearebadlyinneedof.WherecouldwegettheloanTherearosethequestionwherewecould
5、gettheloam.*需要注意的是，假如疑问词在句中作主语，则特殊疑问句无需调整语序而直接作成分。Eg:WhowillchairthemeetingWhowillchairthemeetinghasnotbeendecidedyet.做个练习吧(_)Practicemakesperfect!将括号里的疑问句变成名词从句1._isunimportanttome.(Doesshecome)2._remainsuncertain.(Shallwehavethematch)3.Iwonder_.(Shallwewaitforhim)4.Nooneknowsexactly_.(Istherelifeo
6、notherplanets)5.Iaminterestedinthequestion_.(Willpeopleliveonthemoonsomeday)6.Myquestionis_.(Dowehaveenoughtimetogotothemovie)7.Doyouknow_.(Doessoundtravelfasterthanlight)8.Idontknow_.(Howoldishe)9._wasinteresting.(Whatwashetalkingabout)10.Pleasetellme_.(Wheredoyoulive)主语从句既然已经了解了名词从句的本质，就是用三种句子陈述句，
7、一般疑问句，和特殊疑问句充当四种句子的成分主语、宾语、表语和同位语。所以，当用这三种句子充当另外一个句子的主语时，就构成了主语从句。那么，主语从句可以从陈述句做主语，一般疑问句做主语和特殊疑问句做主语来学习。Soeasy！1陈述句做主语把“that+陈述句这一构造放在主语的位置即构成主语从句。Thattheseasarebeingoverfishedhasbeenknownforyears.译文：海洋正在被人们_，很多年来这已是人尽皆知的。Thattheplatesaremovingisnotbeyonddispute.译文：地球板块是在漂移的，这一点并非毫无争议。Thatthemoonits
8、elfdoesnotgiveofflightiscommonknowledge.译文：月球本身不发光是一个_.但是，对于陈述句做主语，更常见的是用it作形式主语置于句首，而将主语从句放在句末。Ithasbeenknownforyearsthattheseasarebeingoverfished.Itisnotbeyonddisputethattheplatesaremoving.Itiscommonknowledgethatthemoonitselfdoesnotgiveofflight.2.一般疑问句作主语一般疑问句作主语时，要把一般疑问句变成陈述句，并且用whether来引导，然后充当句子
9、的主语。Whetherhecomesornotmakesnodifferencetome.他来不来对我来讲无所谓。4.特殊疑问句作主语Whatweneediswhollynewkindofpolicesystem.Whathetoldyouistrue.Whenthemeetingistobeheldhasnotyetbeendecided.Whyherefusedtocooperatewithusisstillamystery.Howapersonmastershisfateismoreimportantthanwhathisfateis.September11,2001,startedou
10、tasanordinaryday,butwhathappenedthatmorningwillbeforeveretched(铭刻)inourmemories.做个练习吧(_)Practicemakesperfect!请把下列句子改写成it作主语的句子。1.ThatEnglishisbecominganinternationallanguageistrue.2.Thattheyarestillaliveisaconsolation.3.Thathehasbeenlateforworkoverandoveragainisaseriousmatter.宾语从句1.陈述句作宾语把“that+陈述句这
11、一构造放在宾语的位置即构成宾语从句。Ithink(that)asoundknowledgeofgrammarisindispensabletogoodwriting.译文：我以为_语法功底对良好的写作_。*需要注意的是，只要宾语从句的that才能够省去在不影响对句意的理解的影响下，而主语、表语从句和同位语从句的that不能省去。2.一般疑问句作宾语把“whether/if+陈述句这一构造放在宾语的位置即构成宾语从句。Idontknowif/whetherheneedsmyhelp.Nooneknewwhetherornotinterestrateswouldrise.这里原来的一般疑问句是wo
12、uldinterestratesrise,变成陈述句后成为_,然后为了保留疑问的意义又添加了whetherornot,于是便有了whetherornotinterestrateswouldrise,在主语的谓语knew后面作宾语，即构成宾语从句。但需要注意的是，由于一般不讲ifornot，所以这里的连接词不宜用if，而要用whether。译文：没有人知道_能否还会提高。3.特殊疑问句作宾语从句a.IhavenotdecidedwhomIshouldvotefor.特殊疑问词whom作votefor的宾语译文：我还没决定_。b.Nooneknowsexactlyhowspeechbegan.特殊
13、疑问词how作began的方式状语译文：没有人确切地知道语言是怎样产生的。c.Couldyoutellmewherethepostofficeis特殊疑问词where作is的表语译文：你能告诉我邮局在哪里吗d.Wedontknowwhyhedidcomeyesterday.特殊疑问词why作come的原因状语e.Theygavewhocametothemeetingapamphlet.这里的特殊疑问词who是作came的主语，所以需要将原来的疑问句whocametothemeeting作主句谓语gave的间接宾语，即构成宾语从句。另外，gave的直接宾语是apamphlet。表语从句同位语从句
14、a.Hewaspreparedtoprovehistheorythattwodifferentweightswouldfalltothegroundatthesametime.b.TherumorthatTomwasathiefturnedouttobeunture.c.TheyspreadthelieeverywherethatTomwasguiltyoftheft.d.Asayinggoesthatpracticemakesperfect.e.Drearymonthsdraggedbybeforethetragicnewsreachedherthatherbelovedbrotherhadbeenkilledforanti-Naziactivities.f.Theyarefaceswiththeproblemwhethertheyshouldcontinuetowork.g.Thequestionwhoshouldgoabroadonthisbusinesstourrequiresconsideration.