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1、2010physics-1普通物理学期中试卷试题（Physics）课程期中考试试卷开课学院：理学院考试形式：闭卷允许带非存储计算器、纸质词典入场考试时间:2020年5月6日所需时间100分钟姓名专业学号组号I.Multiple-choice:(thereisonecorrectansweronly)1.Astoneisthrownhorizontallyandfollowsthepathxyz.Thedirectionoftheaccelerationofthestoneatpointyis:ABCD2.Anobjectistravelingaroundacircularorbitwitha1
2、2mradius.Atoneinstantitsspeedis6m/sandisincreasingat4m/s2.Atthatinstantthemagnitudeofitsaccelerationis:A2m/s2.B3m/s2.C4m/s2.D5m/s23.Anobjectismovinginx-yplanewithamotionfunctionof22?25rtitj=-,theobjectisAMovinginalineBMovingnotinalineCMovingwithconstantvelocityinalineDMovingwithconstantspeedinaline4
3、.Aparticlemovesinxdirection,itstartsfromtheoriginalpositionwithavelocityofv0=2.Theaccelerationoftheparticleisa=6v(visthevelocityoftheparticle).ThemotionoftheparticleisdependentonA.322xtt=+B.342xtt=+.C.614(1)3txe=+-D.642txe=+5.Aparticlemovesinxdirection,itstartsfromtheoriginalpositionwithavelocityofv
4、0=4.Theaccelerationoftheparticleisa=3+2x.Thevelocityoftheparticle,atx=2,isA.4B.C.D.66.AparticlemovesinacirclewithradiusofR=0.0625m,itsmotionisdependenton320.5()SttSI=-.Themagnitudeofitsacceleration,att=1s,isA.3B.4.C.5D.67.Anobjectismovinginx-yplanewithamotionfunctionof2?(105)10rtitj=-+,themagnitudeo
5、fitstangentialandcentripetalaccelerationatt=1sisA.B.C.D.5,58.A2kgparticleisactedbyaconservationforceandstartstomovefromoriginalpointalongthexaxis.Thepotentialenergy,relativetotheconservationforce,isgivenbyU(x)=2x2-3x4,whereUisinjouleandxisinmeter.Whentheparticleisatx=1.0m,itsaccelerationandvelocitya
6、reA.4m/s2,1m/sB.-4m/s2,1m/sC.4m/s2,2m/sD.-4m/s2,2m/s9.Awheelstartsfromrestandhasanangularaccelerationgivenby(t)=6t2,wheretisinsecondandisinradianspersecond-squared.Afterithasturnedthrough10revitsangularvelocityis:A63rad/s.B75rad/s.C89rad/s.D130rad/s.10.Asmallballwithmassmandradiusrfromrestattheposit
7、ionshownandrotateswithoutslippingalongthelooptrackofradiusR(Rr).Whatisthesmallestvalueofysuchthattheballwillrotatewithoutlosingcontactwiththetrack?A.2RB.R/2C.7R/10D.3R/411.A4.0kgsolidwheel,rollingwithoutslippingonarotationalinertiaaboutitsaxisgivenbyMR2/2,whereMisitsmassandRisitsradius.Aforceisappli
8、edtoapointR/3awayfromtheaxleandthecenterofmasshasanaccelerationof2.0m/s2.Ifthedirectionoftheappliedforceispositive,theappliedforceandthefrictionalforcebetweenthewheelandgroundareA.6.0N,2N.B.6.0N,-2NC.9.0N,-1.0ND.9.0N,1.0N12.Asmallsatelliteisinellipticalorbitaroundtheearthasshown.IfLdenotesthemagnitu
9、deofitsangularmomentumandPdenoteslinearmomentum:A.L2L1andP2P1;B.L2L1andP2=P1;C.L2=L1andP2D.L2=L1andP2P1;13.Asmallbeadcanslidewithoutfrictiononacircularhoopwitharadiusof0.10minaverticalplane.Thehooprotatesataconstantrateof4.0rev/saboutaverticaldiameter,asshowninthefigure.Theangle,atwhichthebeadisinve
10、rticalequilibrium,isA.80B.81C.82D.83P1L2,P214.AuniformrodoflengthLandmassMissupportedbyahingeatoneendandisfreetorotateintheverticalplane.Therodisreleasedfromrestinahorizontalposition.Aparticle,withmassofM/3,issupportedbyathinstringoflengthLfromthehinge.Afterthecollision,therodturnstogetherwiththepar
11、ticle,themaximumangularmaxisA.40B.45C.50D.5515.Twowheelsrotatetogetheraboutacommonaxis.Thetotalmomentofinertiaofthewheelsis40kgm2.Twoobjectsareattachedtothewheelsasshowninthefigure.TheradiiofthewheelsareR1=1.2mandR2=0.4m.Ifm1=24kgandm2=32kgsuchtheangularaccelerationofthewheelsis(thepositivedirection
12、is“intothepage)A.2.0rad/s2B.-2.0rad/s2C.-1.6rad/s2D.1.6rad/s216.Awheel,ofradiusR,rotateswithanangularvelocityofaboutitsaxis.Oneendoftheaxisissuspendedatapoint,3Rawayfromthecenterofwheel.Fromtopview,theprecessionspeedofthewheelrotatingaboutaverticalaxisisA.3gR,clockwiseB.6gR,clockwiseC.6gR,anticlockw
13、iseD.3gR,anticlockwise17.Asolidsphererotateswithoutslippingonahorizontalsurface,theratioofitsrotationalkineticenergytoitstotalkineticenergyisA.28.6%B.40%C.66.7%D.71.4%18.Alargetankfilledwithwaterhasapipeinthebottom(thepipeisthinenough).Insteadyflow,thepressureatPpointis(AtmosphereisP0):A.gHP310+;B.g
14、HP320-;C.gHP320+;D.gHP310-;19.Therearethreeparticlesinapoint-likeparticlesystem,andseparationbetweentheparticlesisd.Thebindingenergy(theenergyforseparatingthesystem)ofthe3-particlesystemduetothegravitationalforceisM/maxA.23GmdB.2dC.22dD.23d20.Whenawindblowsbetweentwocars,asignificantdropinpressureca
15、nbecreated.Theairpressureisnormally1atminsidethebuilding,sothedropinpressurejustoutsidecancauseanattractforceonthecar.Thedensityofairis1.29kg/m3.Undera27m/swind,theforceexertedona2?3mcarisA.2821NB.2632NC.2438ND.2212NII.Calculationproblems(presentthenecessaryequationsinsolution):1.Twoparticlescombine
16、dtogether,theinteractionpotentialbetweentheparticlesis0/0()rrrUrer-=-.(1)Whatistheseparationbetweentheparticlesattheequilibriumcondition?(2)Howmuchenergyisneededtobreakthisparticlesystem?2.Asmallsolidspherewithradiusrrollswithoutslippingfromthetopofahemisphericalmoundshowninthefigure.Theradiusofhemi
17、sphericalmoundisR,andRr.Thesmallsolidspherestartsfromrest,whatistheheightwherethesmallsolidsphereleavesfromthesurfaceofhemisphericalmound?3.Asolidcylinder,withmassmcueisheldhorizontally5R/3abovetheground,whereRistheradiusofthecylinder.Thecylinderleavesthecuewithaspeedvo.(1)Whatisthefinalspeedofthecy
18、linderduetothefrictionforcebetweenthecylinderandtheground? (2)Withthefrictionforce,howmuchkineticenergydoesthecylinderlose?4.AsolidcylinderwithmassmandradiusRiswrappedbyathinstring.ThestringpassesoveracylindricalpulleyofmassmandradiusR,andconnectstoanobjectwithmassm.Whatistheaccelerationoftheobject?a