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1、九年级英语上Unit3同步讲解与测试-初中三年级英语试题练习、期中期末试卷、测验题、复习资料-初中英语试卷-试卷下载 Unit3Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes(一)教学目标(LanguageGoal)1. 能够谈论允许和不允许做的事情2. 能够谈论应该被允许和不被允许做的事情3. 能够针对被允许和不被允许做的事情发表自己的观点(同意或者不同意)4. 能够表达同意或者不同意的理由(二)目标语言(TargetLanguage)1. Ithink sixteen-year-olds should be allowed t
2、o drive.我认为应该允许16岁的孩子开车。2. Idisagree . I think sixteen is too young.我不同意，我认为16岁这个年纪太年轻了。3. Do youthink thirteen-year-olds should be allowed to have part-time jobs?你认为应该允许13岁的孩子们做兼职工作吗？4. No, Idont. 不，我认为不应该。5. Annais allowed to wear her own clothes. 安娜可以选择自己的衣服。6. Theyare not serious enough at that
3、age. 那个年龄的他们不够稳重。7. What rules doyou have at home ? 你家有什么规定吗？Well, Im not allowed to go out on school nights.噢，我在周一至周五不能外出。(三)词汇和短语(Vocabularyand expressions)allow 允许drive 架车pierce pis刺穿license 执照driver司机silly愚蠢的、傻的earring 耳环concentrate集中volunteer自愿、志愿Local地方的primary初级的seem to 好像perform表演part-time j
4、obs 兼职工作drivers license 驾驶执照get their ears pierced 穿耳孔at that age 在那个年龄get noisy 变得嘈杂at present 目前be sleepy 睏so do we 我们也一样get to class late . 上课迟到fail a test 考试不及格be strict with 对要求严格the other day 前几天get to doing sth 着手做某事look smart 看起来整洁concentrate on 关注old peoples home 敬老院be a good way to do 是的好方
5、法choose ones own clothes 选自己的衣服sixteen-year-olds 十六岁的孩子Its a good idea for sb to do是的好主意go out with their friends 和朋友一块出去have an opportunity to do sth .有做的机会be a good experience for sb. 对来说是很有意义的经历take time to do things 花费时间做事情after a long week of classes 上完一周课之后have Friday afternoons off 周五放假(四)语法内
6、容：被动语态1. 被动语态的定义:“语态”表示主语和谓语动词之间的关系。英语中有“两态”的说法，即主动语态和被动语态，本单元中反复出现的should be allowed 就是一个含有情态动词(should)的被动语态。先看几个基本概念:主语是动作的发出者为主动语态主语是动作的接受者为被动语态只有及物动词才有被动语态。2. 被动语态的构成(1)请大家看图The office is cleaned every day .The office was cleaned yesterday.Compare active and passive：动作的接受者the office成了句子的主语，就应该用被
7、动语态。从上面的例句我们可以总结：一般现在时的被动语态为：主am / is / are (not)过去分词一般过去时的被动语态为：主was / were 过去分词如：Butter is made from milk.This house was built 100 years ago.以前我们学过的was / were born 生于，就是一个被动语态:When were you born ? I was born in 1989.(born是bear的过去分词)如果要特别强调动作或行为的执行者，句子后面需接by ，译为“被(由)”如：We were woken up by a loud no
8、ise.我们被嘈杂的声音吵醒。(2)请看图从上面例子，我们可以看出：现在进行时被动语态的构成为：主语is / am / are + being 过去分词再如：My car is being repaired now.Some new houses are being built near the park. 公园附近在建一些房子。(3)请看图BEFORENOW从上面例子，我们可以看出现在完成时被动语态的构成为： 主语have /has been 过去分词如：My key has been stolen. My keys have been stolen.I am not going to th
9、e party, I havent been invited.含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词be过去分词A note had better be left to him.Teenagers should be allowed to wear their own clothes这里我们列举了几个主要时态，那么其它时态呢？一般将来时主语will be 过去分词过去将来时主语would / should + be 过去分词过去进行时主语was / were + being 过去分词过去完成时主语had + been +过去分词被动语态的时态是由be的时态决定的，be是什么时态，全句就是什么时态，b
10、e动词后面的过去分词不变。各种句式的被动语态：肯定句：主语be + 过去分词(by)否定句：主语be not 过去分词(by)一般疑问句：Be 主语过去分词(by)?特殊疑问句：疑问词be主语过去分词(by)3. 被动语态的用法：(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁，不用by动作执行者短语Such books are written for children.这些书是为儿童写的。I havent been told about it. 没有人告诉我这件事(2)强调动作的承受者，这时应用by短语。The cup was broken by David.(3)作客观说明时，常采用一种被动语态
11、句型Its / was said / believed / reported / + that Its reported that about three hundred people were killed in this earthquake.据报道，这次地震中大约有三百人死亡。4. 主动语态变为被动语态把主动语态的句子变为被动语态的方法是：(1)把原句中的宾语变为主语(2)动词改为被动形式，即be+过去分词(3)原来的主语，如果需要的话，放在by后面，如果没必要，可省略。主动语态变成被动语态应注意事项：从主动语态到被动语态的过程中主语、谓语动词、宾语都发生变化。注意主格与宾格的变化形式。
12、注意主语的人称及数的变化对be动词带来的影响。注意be动词的时态形式取决于原主动语态的动词时态形式。5. 被动语态的几种类型(1)有两个宾语的句子的被动语态(直接宾语，间接宾语)通常这种句子可以改为以“人”当主语；和以“物”当作主语的两种被动语态。如：He gave me a book.I was given a book by him. (以I做主语)A book was given to me by Tom. (以物book作主语)He teaches us English.We are taught English by him. (以人当主语)English is taught us
13、by him. (以物作主语)(2)含有宾语补足语的句子的被动语态keep, make 三类的动词常常有宾语补足语，在被动语态中，宾语补足语位置不变。We keep food fresh in the fridge.(主谓宾宾补)Food is kept fresh in the fridge.I saw him go into the office building.He was seen to go into the office building.英语中有“十大动词”的说法:即feel , hear , listen , have , make , let , look , watch
14、,see ,notice ，这些词在主动句中，其后的动词不定式不加to，但变被动句时必须加to.(3)含有短语的主动语态变被动语态不及物动词没有宾语，因此没有被动语态。但有的不及物动词后面加上介词及其他一些词类构成短语动词之后，其作用相当于及物动词，可以接宾语，因而也可以变为被动语态。在变成被动语态时，不能去掉构成短语动词的介词或副词They take good care of my child. 他们把我的孩子照顾得很好。My child is taken good care ofI turned off the radio.The radio was turned off(by me.)附
15、：动词短语的被动语态:take care of be taken care ofcut down be cut downlaugh at be laughed atlook afterbe looked after下列这些短语本身即是被动语态的形式，不需再加bybe covered with 用覆盖着be interested in 对感兴趣be surprised at 对感到惊奇be made of (from)用制造的(4)由情态动词形成的被动语态含有情态动词的句子在变为被动语态时，在情态动词后面加上be动词即可，其句型如下：肯定句：主语情态动词(can , may ,must)+be+
16、 过去分词否定句：主语情态动词not + be + 过去分词疑问句：情态动词(Can , May ,Must )主语be过去分词.如：We should allow teenagers to surf the Internet.Teenagers should be allowed to surf the Internet.Can you use it? 你会使用它吗？Can it be used ?6. 不能用于被动语态的几种情况(1)当主动结构中的宾语是反身代词和相互代词时，不能改为被动语态。 他在镜中看见了自己的模样。We often help each other. 我们常常互相帮助。
17、(2)当谓语是表状态的及物动词时(如have, like, take place , belong to )I like these flowers. 我喜欢这些花。I will have a meeting.不说A meeting will be had. 应说A meeting willbe held .(五) 重点、难点：1. the other day我们还可以说the other day , morning , week , month.不久前的一天，一个上午、一个星期、一个月等I saw him in London the other day. 我最近有一天在伦敦见过他。2. ge
18、t to 着手做某事 and I got to talking about the rules He got to doing the homework after supper.3. concentrate on sth .专注于某事(做某件事而不做其他事)He decided to concentrate on English because he just failed the exam.他决心专攻英语因为他刚刚考试不及格。This company concentrates on the Chinese market.这家公司把重点集中在中国市场。4. be good for 对有好处有
19、益于(that is good for studying )This kind of food is good for me. 这种食物对我身体有益Sunshine is good for plants. 阳光对植物有益。5. Its a good idea forsb to do sth. 做对来说是个好主意(Its also probably agoodidea for parents to allow )Its a good idea for us to travel to the south.6. get noisy 变得嘈杂(I know we got noisy sometimes
20、 , )noise noisy7. learn from 向学习，从中学习 but we learn a lot from each other.We should learn from our mistakes.我们应从错误中学习。8. at present. (Atpresent theyre too short.)at present 此刻、现在at this time , nowI cant help you at present Im too busy我现在帮不了你实在太忙了。9. have an opportunity todo sth 有做的机会have no opportuni
21、ty to do 没机会做I hope to have an opportunity to go to the States.I have no opportunity to have a talk with her注意：文中在谈论将来时，用了一些动词过去式和would + 动原的形式这是虚拟语气。表示对将来的一种假设。(六)本单元其他句型结构：1. sixteen-year-olds十六岁的青少年它相当于一个名词,相当于sixteen -year- old kids.“一个16岁青少年的表达方式”a kid sixteen years olda kid of sixteena kid of
22、sixteen years old.a sixteen-year-old kid2. stop doing停止做某事He should stop wearing that silly earring.(Section A 2a)We two stopped talking. 我们俩个停止了谈话。3. 主seem to do sth . 好像His temperature seems to be all right.他的体温好像完全正常。seem其他用法(1)seem+形容词The question seems quite easy. 那个问题好像很容易。(2)seem+名词That seems
23、 a good idea. 那好像是个好主意。(3)It seems + that 从句It seemed that nobody knew anything about the matter.看来没有人知道这件事。4. So do we (Section A3a)So do we 为倒装句，其结构是So + be 动词/助动词/情态动词主语，在时态上应和上一句保持一致。应翻译为“我们也是这样”用英文解释是：We have a lot of rules at my house, too.5. on school nights, onFriday nights, on Saturday afte
24、rnoons.我们在说某个具体的，特定的早晨、下午、晚上时应用on.6. be strict with 对要求非常严格Shes very strict with her children. 她待子女很严。7. old peoples home 敬老院以前我们曾学过old folks home8. take time to dothings 花费时间做事情。take在这里为“花费”的意思。类似的词组有：It takes sb some time to do sth. 花时间做某事(it为形式主语)It took me 2 hours to finish the homework.9. be a
25、greatexperience for sb. 对来说是一次很棒的经历。10. volunteer(1)n. 志愿者volunteer groups 志愿小组volunteers to run Christmas show. 自愿操办、圣诞节表演的人。(2)v. 自愿或无偿地给予或提供(帮助、建议)Tims busy but Ill come , he volunteered. 蒂姆很忙，我来吧，他主动说道。11. sleepy想睡的(a. )Are you sleepy ? 你睏吗？asleep 睡着的、熟睡的He waits until the children are asleep. 他
26、一直等到孩子们睡着了。词组fall asleep 入睡He was just falling asleep when there was a loud knock at the door.他刚要入睡，就有人大声敲门。【模拟试题】被动语态专项练习：一选择填空1. Insome countries , tea _ with milk and sugar.A. isservingB. is served C.servesD. served2. Greatchanges _ in my hometown since 1980.A. have been takenplaceB. took placeC.
27、 have takenplaceD. were taken place3. Thenew type of car is going to _ in three years.A. turnout B.be turned outC. has turned outD. have been turned out4. Thewoman murdered her friend and _ to _.A. was sentenced ,deathB. sentencing , dieC. sentenced ,deathD. sentenced , die5. Do you like theskirt ?I
28、t _ soft.A. is feeling B.feltC.feelsD. is felt6. Areyou still here ? You were here an hour ago . Who _ for ?A. are you waiting B. did youwaitC. were you waitingD. doyou wait7. _to know Professor Zhang.A. HesaidB. I saidC. He is saidD. It says8. I want to sit atthe table near the window.Sorry , _ alr
29、eady.A. it tookB. it takes C. it is taking D. it has beentaken9. Theletter _ three days ago and it _ yesterday.A. had post , had arrived B.was posted , arrivedC. posted , arrivedD. had been posted , was arrived10. Hetold me that the final examination _ next Thursday.A. is givenB. will be givenC. wou
30、ld havegivenD. would be given11. Water_ into ice.A. will changedB. must be changedC.should changeD. can be changed12. Plays_ twice a month in that theatre.A. put on B. areput on C. was put on D.often put on13. Thebirds _ fly away last Saturday.A. let to B. is letto C. wasletD. were let to14. Astrang
31、e sound _ yesterday evening.A. was heardB. hears C. heardD.is heard15. Abeautiful bike _ him by his classmates.A. sent to B. willsent to C.was sent to D. will be sent for16. MissChen _ just _ to speak atthe meeting.A. has beenaskedB. hasbeen askedC. Have been askedD. have beenasked17. Meat_ out in t
32、his shop . We can _ now.A. have been sold , get nothingB. has been sold , get nothingC. has been sold , get someD. have been sold , get some18. Thenew play _ in theatre now . Why dont you go in and see it ?A. is being shownB. isshowing C.isshownD. shows19. Canyou tell _ ?A. when did it happen B. whe
33、n was it happenedC. when it happenedD. when it was happened20._ the job _ by Lucy or by John ? Tell me the truth , please.A. Has finishedB. Has being finishedC. Is finishD. Has been finished二. 用所给动词的适当时态和语态填空1. When_ the first man-made satellite _ (send) up into space ?2. Lastyear vegetables _ (grow
34、)in the garden by Tom and he _ (sell)themhimself.3. She_ (help) him with his homework tomorrow evening.4. Howmany magazines _ (can borrow) in your library every week ?5. John_ (hear) to go upstairs two hours ago.6. Who _(save)her father ?He _ (save)by that policeman.7. Thedoctor _ (send for) because
35、 his grandpa was ill.8.Mooncakes _ (make) by his mother every year. _ your mother _(make)mooncakes foryou every year ?9. Sometoys _ (buy) as a presents for these children last Monday.10. _paper _ (make) of wood ?三. 用所给单词完成句子1. (theoffice / clean / yesterday) The office was cleaned yesterday.2. (theh
36、ouse / paint / last month)The house _3. (threepeople / injure / in the accident)_4. (mybicycle / steal / a few days ago)_5. (when/ this bridge / build?)_6. (you /invite / to the party last week?)_7. (how /these windows / break?)_8. (I /not / wake up / by the noise) _四. Correct these sentences. (改正下列
37、句子)1. Thishouse built 100 years ago. This house was built2.Football plays in most countries of the world. _3. Whydid the letter send to the wrong address? _4. Agarage is a place where cars repair. _5. Whereare you born? _6. Howmany languages are speaking in Switzerland? _7.Somebody broke into our ho
38、use but nothing stolen. _8. Whenwas invented the bicycle? _五. 填空(完成被动语态填空)1. Theyoften clean their classroom after school. (改为被动语态)Their classroom _often _ bythem after school.2. Li Leigave Tom a new pen last week. (同上)A new pen _ _ _ Tom last week.3. A lotof people in China can speak English now. (同上)English _ _ _ by a lot of people in China now.4. I havelearn