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1、The Object Clause (Revision)杨杨 峰 宾语从句是主从复合句的一种。主从复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的。 主句是复合句的主体，从句仅仅是主句的一个成分，它从属于主句，不能独立。从句在全句中充当什么成分，就叫什么从句。宾语从句当中的从句在全句中作宾语。一、教学任务一、教学任务 复习宾语从句复习宾语从句二、重点和难点二、重点和难点 1 1、由不同引导词引导的宾语从句、由不同引导词引导的宾语从句 2 2、直接引语和间接引语、直接引语和间接引语 3 3、宾语从句中时态的变化、宾语从句中时态的变化由从属连词由从属连词thatthat引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句
2、由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which， what 和连接副词 where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句由从属连词由从属连词 whether, if 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句注注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略e.g. 1. I hear (that) _. （一小时后他会回来）2. He said (that) _. （他非常想念我们）3. The teacher told us (that) _. （地球围着太阳转） he will be back in an hour he missed us very much the
3、earth moves around the sun由连接代词what, whom, whose, which, what及连接副词 when, where, how, why引导的宾语从句1. He asked _. (谁能回答这个问题）2. Do you know_. （他们在等谁）3. He asked _. （谁的书法是班上最好的）5. Do you know _.（地球和月亮，哪一个比较小）6. Please tell me _. （我们什么时候开会）7. Can you tell me _. （他在哪儿）8. Could you tell me _. （我该怎么去车站）9. Wou
4、ld you tell me _（为什么火车迟到了） who could answer the question whom they are waiting for whose handwriting was the best in the class when well have a meeting where he is how I can get to the station why the train is late由从属连词由从属连词whether, if 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句e.g. 1. I want to know _. （他是否跟我们一起去公园）2. Ask him
5、_. （他是否能来）3. I dont know _.（是否要下雨） if (whether) he will go to the park with us whether (if) he can come whether it is going to rain or not当句末为当句末为or not时，引导词只能用时，引导词只能用whether而不能用而不能用if.在不定式前在不定式前 He is not sure whether to watch TV or go to bed.在介词前在介词前 Mike is thinking of whether his parents will s
6、ee him today.直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系陈述句变为引导的宾语从句e.g. 1. He said, “You are younger than I ”. 2. He says, “Tom is a good student ”. He said that I was younger than him. He says that Tom is a good student. 直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系一般疑问句变为if (whether)引导的宾语从句e.g. 1. She said, “ Do you
7、 often come here to read newspaper? ”2. “Will they go to visit the Great Wall?” he asked. She asked if (whether) I often came here to read newspaper. He asked if (whether) they would go visit the Great Wall. 直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系特殊疑问句变为特殊疑问句变为who, what, when等引导的宾语从句等引导的宾语从句e.g. 1. He as
8、ked, “Where do you live?” 2. “How can we get to the post-office?” he asked. He asked where I lived. He asked how they could get to the post-office. 直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系 1、当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语 从句的谓语动词可以用所需要的任何一种时态。 2、当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，宾语从句的谓语 动词要用相应的过去时态，但当宾语从句叙述的内容 为客观真理时，仍然用一般现在时。e.g.
9、 The teacher said that the moon moves around the sun. 注注 意：意：特别提示特别提示：宾语从句要注意三要素；引导词、语序、时态。宾语从句要注意三要素；引导词、语序、时态。1、引导词引导词：that, if/whether, 特殊疑问词 2、语序：语序：宾语从句要用陈述语序，凡有助动词，情态动词，be动词在从句主语前面都要调到主语后面，若是助动词do does did，要把它们去掉。 3、时态、时态: (1)、当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语 从句的谓语动词可以用所需要的任何一种时态。 (2)、当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，宾语
10、从句的谓语 动词要用相应的过去时态，但当宾语从句叙述的内容 为客观真理时，仍然用一般现在时。e.g. The teacher said that the moon moves around the sun. 特别提示特别提示；n直接引语变为间接引语时，其引导词，语序，时态均与宾语从句一致，不同之处在于指示代词，时间状语，地点状语和表示“方向”的动词的变化。1. The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow. (be)2. The headmaster hopes everything _ well. (go)3. Tom says that they _ (play)
11、 basketball at six oclock yesterday evening. 4. I hear they _ (return) it already. 5. He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948. (be)6. He asked what they _ at eight last night. (do)7. The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound. (travel)8. I think you _ about the relay race
12、now. (talk)9. I didnt know whom the letters _ from. (be) will be goes were playing has returned had been travels are talking were were doing10. I didnt know what time he _ the letter. (write)11. Miss Wang told me that the earth _(move) round the earth. 12. Could you tell me who _ away the book alrea
13、dy? (take)13. Ling Feng told me he _ to several times. (be)14. Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the east. (rise)15. Can you tell me what they _ yesterday? (do) wrote moves has taken has been risesdid将下列句子合并为一句将下列句子合并为一句: :1. Where do they stop on the way? I asked. 2. What will you speak at
14、the meeting? Could you tell me?3. Do they like to make friends with us? He asked. 4. “ I am doing my homework.” He said. 5. “I will come back.” Tom said. 6. “Is he doing his homework?” Jim asked. I asked where they stopped on the way.Could you tell me what you will speak at the meeting?He asked if t
15、hey liked to make friends with them. He said that he was doing his homework. Tom said that he would come back. Jim asked if he was doing his homework. 7. “When will he come back?” Tom asked. 8. “How can I get to the station?” Could you tell me?9. “Why is the train late?” Would you tell me?10. “Where is Tom?” They asked. Tom asked when he would come back.Could you tell me how I can get to the station?Would you tell me why the train is late?They asked where Tom was.