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1、甘肃省武威第五中学2022-2022学年高二英语下学期第一次检测试题第一局部 阅读理解(共两节，总分值40分第一节共15小题;每题2分,总分值30分阅读以下短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最正确选项。AToday we talk about a time when half the world is waking from the dark, cold winter months. Spring! We often describe “spring as a time of rebirth, renewal and awakening. Many trees are bloss
2、oming and early flowers are pushing through the earth. Things are coming to life!But the word “spring is not just a season. It is also a verb that means something going on or coming out quickly. When you put “spring and “life together, you will get “spring to life. This expression means something su
3、ddenly becomes very active or perhaps seems more alive! You may “spring to life after hearing that a distant friend will be visiting you. Or maybe your favorite soccer team finally “sprang to life in the second half, played well and won the match.Now, besides being a season and a verb the noun “spri
4、ng refers to a metal coil (线圈) that is wound tightly. When the coil unwinds, it often jumps. So, we often say a person “has a spring in his step if he is lively and active. He might even appear to jump, or bounce a little when he walks.There is another way we use “spring as a description. In the cas
5、e of a “spring chicken, “spring means young. However, “spring chicken is also an informal, humorous way to refer to someone who isnt young at all. So, we use this expression in the negative form, as in “no spring chicken. For example, lets say you know an 83-year-old man who decides to run a maratho
6、n, even though he has never exercised before. You could say, “Thats amazing! After all, hes no spring chicken.But be careful when using this expression. It could be a little disrespectful. Lets say your boss shows you a picture of his wife, and you say, “Wow, shes no spring chicken. That response wo
7、uld be disrespectful and a bad career move.1. What does “spring mean in the expression “spring to life?A. The season after winter. B. Being young and healthy.C. A tightly wound metal coil. D. To occur or appear quickly.2. What is the passage mainly about?A、The origin of the word “springB. The meanin
8、g of the season “spring.C. Some expressions with the word “spring.D. Some characteristics of the season “spring.3. How does someone feel when he “has a spring in his step？A. AngryB. SurprisedC. HappyD. Frightened4. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. Being young is a great advantage in c
9、areer development.B. Women may feel offended when described as “no spring chicken.C. Using “spring-related expressions in conversations seems impolite.D. Expressions with the word “spring are always disrespectful to others.BI am often homesick. I have learned something about myself from it. I moved
10、from Long Island to Florida three years ago. Even though I own a home in Port St. Lucie just minutes from the ocean, an uncontrollable urge wells up to return to Long Island even as others make their way south. I guess I am a snowbird stuck in reverse. Instead of enjoying Floridas milder winters, I
11、willingly bear the severe weather on Long Island, the place I called home for 63 years.Im like a migratory bird (留鸟) that has lost its sense of timing and direction, my wings flapping against season.So what makes me fly against the tide of snowbirds? The answer has a lot to do with my reluctance to
12、give up the things that define who I am. Once I hear that the temperature on Long Island has dipped into the range of 40 to 30 degrees, I begin to long for the sight and crackling sound of a wood fire. I also long for the bright display of colors-first in the fall trees, and then in the lights aroun
13、d homes and at Rockefeller Center. Floridians decorate, too, but cant create the special feel of a New England winter.I suppose the biggest reason why I return is to celebrate the holidays with people I havent seen in months. What could be better than sitting with family and friends for a Thanksgivi
14、ng turkey dinner, or watching neighbors children excitedly open gifts on Christmas? Even the first snowfall seems special. I especially enjoy seeing a bright red bird settling on a snow-covered branch. (My wife and I spend winters at a retirement community in Ridge, and Im grateful that I dont have
15、to shovel.)While these simple pleasures are not unique to Long Island, they are some of the reasons why I come back. Who says you cant go home?5. Whats the difference between Florida and Long Island?A. Winters in Florida are milder.B. The snowbirds in Florida are rarer.C. Weather in Florida is sever
16、er.D. Florida is nearer to the ocean. 6. What does the underlined word “reluctance in Paragraph 3 mean?A. Coincidence.B. Expectation.C. Unwillingness.D. Motivation.7. Which of the following words can best describe the author?A. Homesick and easy-going.B. Hard-working and serious.C. Imaginative and o
17、utspoken,D. Anxious and painful.8. Whats the authors purpose in writing the text?A. To describe his dream to be a free bird.B. To express his feeling of missing his hometown.C. To praise the beauty and warmth of his family life.D. To explain the reasons for moving from his hometown.CIn the past many
18、 studies placedtoo muchemphasison how animalsare trained to learn. But recently more and more studies have focused on how animals equip themselves to learn. One studystarted witha school field trip to a pine forestwhere many pine cones were discovered, stripped(剥壳) to the centralcore.So the investig
19、ation was directed at finding out what was eating the pine seeds and how they managed to get them out of the cones.The culprit proved to be theblack rat, and thetechniquewas to bite each conefrom base to top,following the growth pattern of the cone.Urban black rats were found to lack the skill. Howe
20、ver, babies of urban mothers cross-fostered by stripper mothers acquired the skill,whereasbabies of stripper mothers fostered by an urban mother could not. Clearly the skill had to be learned from the mother. In the case of rats, the youngsters take cones away from the mother when she is still eatin
21、g them, allowing them toacquirethe stripping skill.Another study, Bird Behaviour, provides a different view of the adaptiveness of social learning. It concerns the seed caching(hiding) behaviour of ClarksNutcrackerand the Mexican Jay. The former is a specialist, caching about 30,000 seeds in scatter
22、ed locations that it willrecoverover the months of winter; the Mexican Jay will also cache food but is much less dependent on this than the Nutcracker. The two species also differ in their socialstructure:the Nutcracker prefers living alone while, the Jay, in social groups.The experiment is to disco
23、ver if a bird can remember where it hid a seed but also if it can remember where it saw another bird hide a seed. Thedesignisfunny with a cacher bird hiding food in a room, whilewatchedby acaged observerbird. Two days later, cachers and observers are tested for their discovery rate against estimated
24、 random performance(预估随机表现). Both cachers performed above chance. More surprisingly, jay observers were as successful as jay cachers, whereasnutcracker observers did no better than chance. It seems that,whereasthe Nutcracker is highlyskilledat remembering where it hid its own seeds, the social livin
25、g Mexican Jay is more adept at remembering, and so making use of, the caches of others.9. Urban black rats were able to learn to strip when .A. fed by stripper mothers B. fostered by urban mothersC. living with stripper babies D. eating cones by themselves10. In Bird Behavior Study, we can conclude
26、that .A. nutcraker observers perform well in rememberingB. the Clarks Nutcraker has better learning skillsC. the Mexican Jay benefits from social living D. jay cachers are only good at hiding food11. According to the passage, both studies show that .A. skills are equipped in childhoodB. skills impro
27、ve by practiceC. animals study through playingD. animals learn by examplesDNASA might be famous for sending rockets up to space quickly. But it will be more famous for making your next holiday come more quickly.The space agency is working on a new plane, which could solve the problems of supersonic(
28、超音速的) flight and vastly increase the speed of journeys abroad. If successful, the plane would be able to fly between New York and London in just three hours. And it would reduce the time spent flying other journeys by a half, since it could be used more broadly. Until now, the problem with such plan
29、es has been the sonic boom(声爆), made famous by the original Concorde. That happens when a plane reaches supersonic speeds.It is a thunderous noise that upsets people on the ground- disturbing animals and even causing physical problems to materials and houses underneath. It was that effect that led C
30、ongress to ban such planes from being used over the US land, a decision that in turn was responsible for Concordes failing to be commercially used.In view of the problem, the space agency has developed a new technology and tried it out in wind tunnels, and now believes that it could be put to commer
31、cial use. That plane will fly as high as 33,000 feet- far higher than normal planes-and make a sound of only 60 decibels. Thats far less than 90 decibels thrown out by normal planes, and is roughly in line with a car on the motorway or a busy restaurant.“As long as we can get endorsement from the ge
32、neral public, the plane will probably be something thats acceptable, said Peter Coen, project manager for NASAs commercial supersonic research team, in a new Bloomberg report. “If we get approved, we will have the full-sized version of the plane tried out and the plane will be put into use.12. Why d
33、oes the author mention Concorde?A. To suggest the rapid development of planes.B. To stress the negative effect of sonic booms.C. To introduce how a commercial plane is designed.D. To show Congress important role in making planes.13. What is the fourth paragraph mainly about?A. The basic data of the
34、new plane.B. The working principle of the new plane.C. The problems of the new plane.D. The potential market of the new plane.14. What does the underlined word “endorsement in paragraph 3 mean?A. Response B. Commitment. C. Investment D. Agreement15. What is the purpose of the passage?A. To inform pe
35、ople of NASAs new plane.B. To prove the disadvantages of supersonic flight.C. To explain why speed matters in supersonic flight.D. To clarify some misunderstandings about commercial planes.第二节：共3小题；每题2分，总分值10分根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。How to Be Productive in a Challengin
36、g EnvironmentA lot of organizations deal with challenges like maintaining productivity and quality of work. 16 In this article, well share with you a few essential tips on staying focused at work.Prepare a to-do list.Half the battle is won once you prioritize (优先处理) your tasks. Make a list of what n
37、eeds to be done. Plan your day through these lists and set realistic deadlines to accomplish each one of them. 17 Schedule your work.Dont overstretch yourself with your work. 18 To avoid burnouts, take a walk to renew your brain, allowing it to concentrate better. Though breaks arc essential for a h
38、ealthy workday, you must learn to take them with a pinch of salt. Frequent breaks can be addictive and can affect your work. 19 Nowadays, being online on various social media platforms is a trend. Several notifications (通知) pop up every now and then, commanding your attention. If you are constantly
39、attending to such notifications, how are you supposed to do meaningful work? While working on an important project, put your phone on silent or switch it off. If you really want to stay updated with your social media accounts, you can set specialized time slots to check your phone.Cut outside noise.
40、Until you do away with noise, you wont be able to focus. Limiting auditory distractions is crucial in increasing attention span. You can use noise-canceling headphones for that. 20 In case that doesnt solve the problem, choose remote work for a day or two to regain your lost focus.Keep on practicing
41、 these positive habits and youll surely see a noticeable improvement in your productivity level at work.A. Avoid distractions.B. Take regular exercise.C. Rather, split your work into parts and sub-parts.D. Changing your working environment may have unexpected benefits.E. When you start prioritizing,
42、 you wont just be focused but efficient, too.F. If you still cant concentrate, move to a quieter place, such as a conference room.G. Managers are pressed to motivate their team members while boosting their productivity.第二局部 英语知识运用共两节，总分值60分第一节 完形填空共20小题；每题2分，总分值40分阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出可以填入空
43、白处的最正确选项。并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Madison Williams was studying in her bedroom when the door burst open. Her mother, Leigh, hurried into her daughters room, making a(n) 21 : “Can you help?Madison and her mother ran to a neighbors yard, where they found a 22 woman and other adults 23 a septic tank (化粪池) opening a
44、 few inches above the lawn. A boy, aged only two, had 24 an eight-foot-deep tank. Madison quickly 25 the situation. She knew she was the only one who could 26 through the small hole. Without 27 she told the adults to lower her in. Leigh and others held her waist and 28 . Madison shook her arms and s
45、houlders until she got through the 29 into the dark and smelly tank. In the process, she 30 one hand severely. Rather than tend to her injury, Madison scanned the 31 of the water, hoping to feel the boy. Every once in a while, she could see his little 32 in the water but failed to catch his foot. Mi
46、nutes ticked by before she saw the 33 of his foot again. Madison shot her good hand out and grasped the foot 34 .Then both of them were lifted out. But the boy wasnt out of 35 .He had been short of oxygen so long that he wasnt 36 . He was placed on his side, and an adult 37 him hard on the back unti
47、l the boy coughed up fluids. Then they were rushed to the hospital. It took Madison longer to 38 than the boy, who returned home soon. She 39 stayed there for her injury. “Madisons a hero, the boys mother says, “What other teenage girls will 40 to go into a septic tank?21. A. order B. comment C. request D. plan22. A. puzzled B. disappointed C. delighted D. worried23. A. surrounding B. digging C. watching D. blocking24. A. broken up B. slipped into C. taken over D. run across25. A. created B. controlled C. examined D. disturbed26