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1、 frightening:He was frightened at the frightening tiger. frightened(look,voice,smile,face) frighten A.frighten sb. to death B.frighten sb./sth. away/off C.frighten sb. into/out of doing sth. fright take fright at sth.=be frightened threat: (1)carry out a threat to do sth. (2)some threat of rain thre
2、aten (1)threat sb. with sth. (2)threat to do sth. (3)The clouds threatened rain. terrify:The thunder terrified the small children. terrify .into doing sth.terrified/terrifying scared/frightened/terrified rise: (1)The river rose by several meters. (2)He is used to rising early. (3)The hair on the nec
3、k of my neck rose when I heard the scream. (4)The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. (5)Her spirits rose at the news. (6)He rose from the ranks to an officer. (7)rise up against the foreign invaders urge: (1)She urged her horse to jump the fence. (2) He urged that we should go. He urged us
4、to go. He urged us into going. (3)urge on/upon sth./sb.He urged on us the necessity of patience. (4)have a sudden urge(strong desire) to travelurgent flee(fled;fled): (1)The customers fled from the bank when the alarm sounded. (2)During the civil war thousands of people fed the country. escape immed
5、iately: (1)at once (2)as soon as swear(swore;sworn): (1)The boss is always swearing at the workers. (2)Are you willing to swear that you saw him do it? He swore not to tell anyone about it. spot:(1)What about doing a spot of work? (2)spots of mud on your trousers (3)Theres a spot on her reputation.
6、(4)a nice spot for a picnic (5)She spotted her friend in the crowd. arrive/arrival courage/encourage/courageous believe/belief/unbelievable be on board/go (come;get) on board: aboard在在(上上)车车/船船/飞飞机上机上 on the board在委员会里在委员会里 abroad knock about: (1)spend a few years knocking about in Europe (2)She get
7、s knocked about by her husband. (3)The car has been knocked about a bit, but it still goes. knock down(撞倒；打倒；拆除撞倒；打倒；拆除)knock against(和和冲突；撞在冲突；撞在) knock at/on(敲（门，窗等敲（门，窗等）knock into sb(撞倒某人身上撞倒某人身上)knock off(下班，扣掉下班，扣掉) knock over(打打翻翻) knock up (敲门叫醒敲门叫醒)The car knocked the old man _.The running
8、boy knocked _ me.I cant knock _ until 4：30.Tell him to knock me _.When I received my money I found that 500 had been knocked _ for expenses.Knock _the door before entering please.down;into;off;up;off;on live through: (活过活过经历某事而辛存经历某事而辛存) He lived through world wars. at hand: (1)=near While reading,
9、I always keep a dictionary at hand. He lives close at hand. (2)=be about to happen Your big moment is at hand. hand inhand outhand down（传递传递）hand over on (the) one hand, on the other handshake hands with sb. hand in hand second handby handat ones hand in hand give sb. a hand hands up get into a tota
10、l panic/ be in a panic: The audience got into a panic about the fire in the theatre and they rushed out in a panic. pick out: (1)She was picked out from thousands of applicants for the job. (2)It was just possible to pick out the hut on the side of the mountain. (3)Can you pick out what I explained
11、about the usage of the words? A.挑选挑选B.分辨分辨C.领会领会 all of a sudden: =suddenly have faith in: I havent much faith in this medicine. lose ones faith in break/keep faith with=disloyal/loyal to in good faith=with honest intentions（真诚地说真诚地说） on end: (1)=upright He placed the box on end and sat on it. (2)=c
12、ontinuously They argued for two hours on end. sweep up: sweep the dead leaves up into the air fall on/upon:(1)The enemy fell on the village and robbed many things. (2)The hungry children fell upon the food and ate it greedily. (3)The full cost of the wedding fell on their parents. A.攻击攻击B.猛抢猛抢C.由某人负
13、担由某人负担 fall to fall down fall over fall into fall behind fall in love with in aid of: (1)collect money in aid of charity (2)Whats all the crying in aid of? (3)Britain has already promised to offer 1 million Yuan in aid in the disaster. draw ones attention to: pay/give attention to fix ones attention
14、 on devote ones attention to direct/turn ones attention to Stand at attention ! Attention, please! start out: (1)start out on a 20-mile walk (2)start out to write a novel pulloff: The typhoon pulled the roofs off their houses. go up: (1)The sun goes up in the east. (2)New office blocks are going up
15、everywhere. (3)The whole building went up in flames. (4)Unemployment has gone up again. at/in a distance: We couldnt tell which one was what we wanted at/in a distance. hold ones courage: He held his courage directly into the burning house to save the child. do for: (1)sb.=do housework for sb. Old M
16、rs Green has done for us for many years. (2)sb./sth.=destroy or kill sb./sth. Unless the Government provides more cash, the steel industry is done for. (3)sth.=manage to get What did you do for coal during the miners strike? all at once=suddenly come down on: (1)=strike A white tower of water came d
17、own on our ship. (2)=order My mother came down on me to clean my room. (3)criticize severely Dont come too hard on her, after all,he is a child. (4)=punish The courts are coming down heavily on young offenders. (5)=demand Yangbailao came down on her for debts. hold out: (1)=reach out Those beggars h
18、eld out for food. (2)=offer These plants hold out the chance of new jobs for the area. (3)=remain I cant hold out any longer, I must find a toilet. hold back hold on hold on to hold together hold up the other way=the other way round: He thought it would be easier to go there than to come back, but i
19、t was just the other way. begin withbegin with be frightened bybe frightened by at the foot ofat the foot of stand out:stand out:突出；显眼突出；显眼 call forcall for: : 要求；需求要求；需求 for a momentfor a moment turn backturn back转身；回走转身；回走 take sheltertake shelter：栖身栖身 come oncome on take safety measurestake safet
20、y measures be popular withbe popular with calm downcalm down look forward tolook forward to light up:light up:点烟点烟; ;放光彩放光彩; ;照亮照亮 on top ofon top of cause damage tocause damage to come to lifecome to life clean up:clean up:洗干净洗干净; ;除去污物使除去污物使干净干净; ;挣钱挣钱; ;清除有害影响清除有害影响The study of the earth (Geology
21、) 地质学地质学looks at the history of our planet, volcanoes, earthquakes, and stones and minerals.The study of the weather(Meteorology) 气气象学象学looks at the climate and weather on earth both talking interest in the historical changes of the weather and predictions about the weather, as well as the study of
22、natural phenomena such as hurricanes, typhoons, rain and snow fall, sunshine, droughts,etc.The study of the stars(The study of the stars(AstronomyAstronomy) ) 天文学天文学looks at the history of the universe, what looks at the history of the universe, what is found in the universe is found in the universe
23、 (stars,planets,moons,black holes,etc),the (stars,planets,moons,black holes,etc),the planets in our solar system, the moon,and planets in our solar system, the moon,and the sun.the sun.The study of nature(Biology) 生物学生物学looks at all living things in nature on our planet, including organisms that cau
24、se diseases both in humans and in animals and crops. And now the weather forecast for Tuesday, Jane24. _ and _ air over the _ will advance towards the _ on Tuesday. But as it does so, it will meet with warm and _ air already in place _ in _ and_ . Thunderstorms are possible in areas from the _ state
25、s to the _ where we might see some pretty bad weather, with wet snow and strong winds, NorthwestCoolerdrierEastmoistresultingshowersthunderstormsSouthernNortheasternperhaps even some storms. The showers and thunderstorms that hit the _ on Monday may still be around part of Tuesday, but will disappea
26、r during that afternoon. Comfortable _ around _ degrees are forecast for the South, _ to _ for the Midwest and similar temperatures for the Northeast, while higher temperatures, _ _ 88 will be found in the east along the coast.Midwest temperatures756872uptoWhile the _may see some _ or even thunderst
27、orms, the rest of the _ will be hot with temperatures over 100 _ and no hope of a _ shower.Far to the _, the storm, which had looked as if it would grow into a _, fell _ on Monday. This year has already seen an unusually high number of hurricanes. Hurricane Danny in the _ _ last week has put 2003 in
28、 _ place behindSouthwestSoutheast rainWestdegreescoolinghurricaneapartAtlanticOceanthird1997 and 1959 for having the most _ storms or hurricanes this early in the season. The fourth storm usually arrives towards the end of _, so Danny, _ on Wednesday, came a month and a half early.If the fifth name
29、storm- the _ storm- develops before July22, this year will have the hurricane season with the fastest _. Its name would be _. The hurricane season is from _tropicalAugustformed“ E”startErikaJune1 till the end of _ . A typical Atlantic hurricane season has 10 named storms, _ hurricanes and _ major hu
30、rricanes.The letter can be a real disaster when they hit the coast . Tropical storms such as hurricanes and typhoons are given names to _ confusion. Their names start with letters in the order of the _. The first five storms in 2005 will be named Arlene, Bret, Cindy, Dennis and Emily.November62avoid
31、alphabetListening:Part 1:1.The listening is about the weather in the USA.2. A weather forecast.Part 2:Bring warm clothes but not too warm; take a raincoat or at least an umbrella.2.All along the northeastern coast from the Northeast to the South, roads may become dangerous with rain, wet snow and st
32、rong winds.3. It can be a real disaster. 4. Begin with the letter “ F ” e.g Flora or Frank. Tie the garden chairs and table together with some rope or put them in the shed. Put the lawn mower in the shed. Disconnect the water hose from the tap and put it in the shed. Close and lock the box on the la
33、wn,and place it in the shed. Collect the childrens toys and bring them in the house. Put the ladder in the shed. Put the bicycle in the she. Put all the potted plants from the balcony indoors. Remove the potted palm trees and either put them in the shed or in the hall. Close all the windows and lowe
34、r the blinds. Keep extra batteries for your torch that can be used when the electricity falls away. Make extra ice to cool food when the electricity falls away. Take shelter in a room without windows because you might be hit by glass flying around. Keep plastic sheets ready to cover the furniture. P
35、ut your bike in the shed because the wind might sweep it away. Keep a first-aid kit ready to give first aid and take care of wounds and cuts. Store extra food in mental containers because other food may be spoilt. Listen to the radio to hear when the storm is over and it is safe to leave your shelte
36、r. I remember I remember oneone(?) that happened last summer.(?) that happened last summer. I saw the tops of trees moving I saw the tops of trees moving in circlesin circles and sand and sand and pieces of wood were and pieces of wood were swept up intoswept up into the air. the air. Have you Have
37、you experiencedexperienced one? one? Some people Some people got into a total panicgot into a total panic, when the typhoon , when the typhoon pulled the roofs offpulled the roofs off their houses and cars their houses and cars went upwent up in the air.in the air. It was a bit It was a bit scary(?)
38、scary(?). .scare: scare sb./sth. away/off scare sb. to death scare sb. into/out of sth./doing sth. scared: (1)of sth./sb. (2)of doing sth./to do sth.scary=scaring mountainflames（火焰）sulphur(硫磺)earthquakelava（熔浆）ashesrocksVolcano eruptionUnder the volcanoAugust 24August 24thth 7979 AD ADsouthern Italy
39、southern Italya volcano eruptiona volcano eruptionTacitus ,my uncle,my mother Tacitus ,my uncle,my mother Rectina,captain,Pompy,two Rectina,captain,Pompy,two slaves,Islaves,Imy uncle diedmy uncle diedQuestion 1: Question2:Who wrote the letter? Pliny, the Younger Pliny the Elder (the uncle) is a Roma
40、n writer. In his works he described the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in details. Pliny, the elderQuestion3:Who is the elder, Pliny? Question 4:Who first paid attention to a cloud of unusual size and shape? A Tacitus B Young Plinymother A Tacitus B Young Plinymother C Young Pliny D Uncle Pliny C Young
41、Pliny D Uncle PlinyQuestion 6:put what the elder did in the right orderput what the elder did in the right orderPliny, the elder1.1.He ordered a boat to be prepared.He ordered a boat to be prepared.2.Some people watched an unusual cloud rising from 2.Some people watched an unusual cloud rising from
42、the Mount Vesuvius.the Mount Vesuvius.3.He bathed and had dinner.3.He bathed and had dinner.4.Rectina begged him to save her.4.Rectina begged him to save her.5.He decided to rescue his friend Pompy.5.He decided to rescue his friend Pompy.6.Two slaves helped him stand up but he immediately 6.Two slav
43、es helped him stand up but he immediately fell down dead.fell down dead.7.A rain of burning rocks was coming down.7.A rain of burning rocks was coming down.21453761.He hurried to a place from which others were fleeing.2.He wrote a report about all he observed during his trip.3.He bathed and had dinn
44、er,giving everyone the impression that there was no danger at all.4.He wanted to sleep and it seemed as if he really did so.5.My uncle told them that the flames came from the homes of farmers.Question 7:Give at least three examples about that the writers uncle was not afraid of what was happening. i
45、tit a cloud of unusual size and shapea cloud of unusual size and shapethe onethe one a good winda good windthe otherthe other PompyPompytheirtheir flames flames TheyThey Pliny;Pompy and their friendsPliny;Pompy and their friendsQuestion 8: What do the words in black refer to?Question 9: fill in the
46、chart belowDateWhat happened:First Next Then Finally The eruption of the The eruption of the volcano called volcano called Mount Vesuvius.Mount Vesuvius.On the 24th of August On the 24th of August in 79 AD in southern in 79 AD in southern Italy.Italy.A cloud of unusual size & shape rising from a A c
47、loud of unusual size & shape rising from a mountain drew my uncles attention and he wanted mountain drew my uncles attention and he wanted to see it from closer at hand.to see it from closer at hand.After receiving a letter from his friends wife Rectina, After receiving a letter from his friends wif
48、e Rectina, he changed his mind to save her.he changed his mind to save her.In spite of the danger, he turned back to rescue his In spite of the danger, he turned back to rescue his friend Pompy and help calm down the other peoplefriend Pompy and help calm down the other people. My uncle wanted to ge
49、t out of the danger but My uncle wanted to get out of the danger but failed. He was dead.failed. He was dead. I will tell all I remember and read in my uncles notes. We watched it rising from a mountain-at such a distance we couldnt tell which one, He ordered a boat to be prepared. Her house lay at
50、the foot of Vesuvius, and there was no way out except by boat. What started out as a trip for knowledge now called for courage. The sight of it awoke the scientist in my uncle to go and see it from closer at hand.awake(awoke/awoken): (1)v. She awoke=awakened=woke when the nurse entered the room. He