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1、托福阅读长难句最新整合为了让大家更好的准备托福考试，小编给大家整理托福阅读长难句，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。托福阅读长难句1A 2003 Mars Global Surveyor image shows what mission specialists think may be a deltaa fan-shaped network of channels and sediments where a river once flowed into a larger body of water, in this case a lake filling a crater in the so
2、uthern highlands. (TPO8, 45)surveyorn. 测量者delta n.(河口的)三角洲cratern. / kret?/ n. 火山口;弹坑或陨石坑A 2003 Mars Global Surveyor image shows what mission specialists think may be a deltaa fan-shaped network (of channels and sediments) (where a river once flowed into a larger body of water), in this case a lake
3、(filling a crater)( in the southern highlands.) (TPO8, 45)托福阅读长难句100句分析：修饰一：(of channels and sediments) ，介词短语，修饰network中文：由沉淀物和水流通道形成的修饰二：(where a river once flowed into alarger body of water) ，从句，修饰network中文：河流曾经从这里流入了一个更大的水体修饰三：(filling a crater) ，非谓语动词，修饰lake中文：填满火山口修饰四：( in the southern highland
4、s.) 介词短语，修饰crater中文：在南方高地托福阅读长难句100句参考翻译：一张来自2003年火星全球测量者号的照片显示，任务专家们认为有可能是一块三角洲一个扇形的由沉淀物和水流通道形成的网络，河流曾经从这里流入了一个更大的水体，在这种情况下，它有可能是是南方高地填满火山口的一个湖泊。这个句子的主要修饰成分就是介词短语、从句和非谓语动词，大家务必想清楚，每一个修饰成分修饰的是什么，才能看清楚这个句子的结构。托福阅读长难句2今天我们来看这样一个句子：It is significant that the earliest living things that built communitie
5、s on these islands are examples of symbiosis, a phenomenon that depends up on the close cooperation of two or more forms of life and a principle that is very importantin island communities. (TPO9, 43)community n. 社区，团体，社会，(动植物的)群落symbiosis /s?mba? os?s/ n. 共生。It is significant that the earliest livi
6、ng things (that built communities on these islands) are examples of symbiosis, a phenomenon (that depends upon the close cooperation of two or more forms of life) and a principle (that is very important in island communities). (TPO9, 43)托福阅读长难句100句分析：修饰一：(that built communities on theseislands)，从句，修
7、饰living things中文：在这些岛上建立生物群落修饰二：(a phenomenon and a principle)，同位语，修饰symbiosis，注意这里的a phenomenon和a principle被从句隔开了，注意这里的断句修饰三：(that depends upon the close cooperation of two or more forms of life) ，从句，修饰a phenomenon中文：依赖两种或两种以上的生物紧密合作修饰四：(that is very important in island communities)从句，修饰aprinciple中
8、文：在岛上生物群落非常重要托福阅读长难句100句参考翻译：在这些岛上建立生物群落的最早的生物以共生方式存在是非常重要的，共生是一种依赖两种或两种以上的生物紧密合作而生存的现象，也是在岛上生物群落非常重要的原则。这个句子的主要修饰成分就是从句和同位语，大家务必想清楚，每一个修饰成分修饰的是什么，才能看清楚这个句子的结构。托福阅读长难句3今天我们来看这样一个句子：This was justified by the view that reflective practice could help teachers to feel more intellectually involved in the
9、ir role and work in teaching and enable them to cope with the paucity of scientific fact and the uncertainty of knowledge in the discipline of teaching.(TPO9, 45)paucity /?p?s?ti/ n.少量，少许，少数This was justified (by the view) (that reflective practice could help teachers to feel more intellectually inv
10、olved in their role and work in teaching and enable them to cope with the paucity of scientific fact and the uncertainty of knowledge in the discipline of teaching.)(TPO9, 45)托福阅读长难句100句分析：修饰一：(bythe view)，介词短语，修饰justified中文：通过这个观点修饰二：(that reflective practice could help teachers to feel more intell
11、ectually involved in their role and work in teaching and enable them to cope with the paucity of scientific fact and the uncertainty of knowledge in the discipline of teaching.)，超级无敌长的同位语从句，解释view的内容，在从句中还有一个并列结构A and B中文：反思实践可以帮助教师带着更多思考去融入他们在教学中的角色和工作，并使他们能在教学法中处理科学事实的缺乏和知识的不确定。托福阅读长难句100句参考翻译：这是合
12、理的，因为基于这样的观点：反思实践可以帮助教师带着更多思考去融入他们在教学中的角色和工作，并使他们能在教学法中处理科学事实的缺乏和知识的不确定。这个句子的主要修饰成分就是介词短语和从句，大家务必想清楚，每一个修饰成分修饰的是什么，才能看清楚这个句子的结构。看明白之后，别只看一遍，给我看几十遍!没事就拿出来欣赏欣赏，直到你想吐为止托福阅读长难句4对处于托福备考初期的考生来说，影响阅读单科成绩的两大基本功无外乎词汇和语法。托福考试词汇量一般要求7000-10000不等。短期来看，阅读过程中遇到过多生词造成的卡顿会严重拖慢当时的阅读速度，进而降低解题速度及准确率;长期而言，过多生词会抑制阅读兴趣，导
13、致没有动力去主动积累各类文章泛读量，进而妨碍整体阅读速度的提升。备考初期突击解决托福阅读中生词问题，往往需要集中精力用2个月甚至更长时间。然而，考生们经常遇到的另一个问题是，尽管一个长句里没有生词，但因包含复杂的结构造成全局理解障碍。其实，我们只要具备基本的高中语法知识，仅需1到2周语法强化拆解训练，即可达到读懂任何没有生词的长难句的水平。遇到长难句(排除生词的情况)，一遍读不懂时，我们可以先试着找出它的主干。主干相当于句子的骨架，包含要表达的主要信息。句子除主干外，往往含有其它各种成分，这些相当于句子的血肉(通常包含大量附加信息)。拆解长难句，即准确识别句子各个组成部分，理清句子中任何词/词
14、组/从句的语法功能，继而读懂整句。下面，我们用一个例句演示拆解过程。Although these molecules allow radiation at visible wavelengths, where most of the energy of sunlight is concentrated, to pass through, they absorb some of the longer-wavelength, infrared emissions radiated from the Earths surface, radiation that would otherwise be
15、transmitted back into space.1. 句首的“although”引导让步状语从句，于是“these molecules”属于这个从句。“allow radiation”形成动宾关系，且跟前面的“these molecules”紧邻，那么这三者形成了一个完整的主谓宾结构;2. “visible wavelengths”被“at”间隔紧随“radiation”后，形成“名词+介词+名词”结构。这种结构中，介词+后面的名词做前名词的后置定语;3. “where most of the energy of sunlight is concentrated” 在句中做定语从句，修
16、饰离它最近的名词(一般情况下定语从句修饰离它最近的名词，但反例也很多，我们可借助句意辅助判断)“visible wavelengths”;4. 把上面的定语，定语从句忽略掉，可以看出“although”后面简化后即“these molecules allow radiation to pass through”。不定式“to pass through”在这个让步状语从句中做小一级别的目的状语。5. 让步状语从句之后，“they absorb”明显成为主语的主谓，其中“they”指代复数名词“molecules”;6. “absorb”的宾语相对隐蔽。仔细看我们会发现“radiated from
17、 the Earths surface”为典型的过去分词短语做名词“emissions”后置定语;而前面的“the longer-wavelength, infrared”则做“emissions”的前置定语。这时可以看出“emissions”是主句宾语;7. 最后一个逗号后的名词“radiation”后紧跟了以“that”为标志的后置定语从句，于是我们可以把它看成词组。进一步细查otherwise我们会看到这些“radiation”就是前面出现的“emissions”, 它或者“be absorbed by these molecules ”或者“be transmitted back in
18、to space”。于是 “radiation”一直到结尾做“emissions”的同位语。托福阅读长难句5Perhapsthe fact many of these first studies considered only algae of a size that couldbe collected in a net, a practice that overlooked the smaller phytoplanktonthat we now know grazers are most likely to feed on, led to a de-emphasis ofthe role
19、of grazers in subsequent research.这个句子谓语动词的识别稍有难度。1. the fact 后描述的部分是这个fact的具体内容，所以the fact后为同位语从句;2. a practice .to feed on 作同位语。only algae of a size后出现的that could be collected ina net 对前者解释说明作用，为典型的后者定语从句;3. 类似的that overlooked the smallerphytoplankton that we now know grazers are most likely to fe
20、ed on 修饰说明a practice, 即为后者的后者定语从句。其中 that we now know grazersare most likely to feed on 为the smaller phytoplankton 的后者定语从句。仔细分析，we now know 类似插入语，如果在之前加as则更像比较状语从句。当然这个定语从句也可以写成 on which we now knowgrazers are most likely to feed;4. led to 为整句谓语动词，于是 a de-emphasis 为整句宾语。整句主干很简单，即Perhaps the fact let
21、 to a de-emphasis.但主语后跟了自带一个小级别定语从句的后置定语从句，接着又跟了个自带一个后置定语从句(同样嵌套了自己的定语从句)的同位语，读句子过程中，我们的思路容易被这些非主干成分打断。例句2The hydrologic cycle, a major topic inthis science, is the complete cycle of phenomena through which water passes,beginning as atmospheric water vapor, passing into liquid and solid form aspreci
22、pitation, thence along and into the ground surface, and finally againreturning to the form of atmospheric water vapor by means of evaporation andtranspiration.1. 大多数同学可以准确识别出全句的主系表结构;2. a major topic 显然做前面hydrologic cycle 的同位语;3. the complete cycle of phenomena 是一个标准的“A of B”结构，我们知道，of B修饰/限定/解释/说明
23、A，主词为A;4. 看到through which可知后面是个定语从句;which定语从句里主谓是water passes, 后面跟了beginning, passing和 returning 三组现在分词伴随状语。其中returning 部分稍稍复杂，bymeans of evaporation and transpiration 为这个伴随状语内部的方式状语;5. 需要注意的是处于句首或句尾的伴随状语，必须和主语一致。本句中beginning, passing和 returning三个动作的发起者都是water. 如果不一致，则应转化为独立主格结构。这个句子描述的水循环圈如下图所示。整句主干可简化为The circle is the circle, 只是表语后跟了较长的后置定语从句稍稍增加了难度。如何同时准备TOEFL和GRE还互不耽误 如何同时准备TOEFL和GRE还互不耽误?“一心两用”是个技术活今天小编给大家带来了 第 11 页 共 11 页