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1、Unit 1 Great ScientistsDo you know?Who discovered that objects in water are lifted up by a force that helps them float?Who wrote a book explaining how animals and plants developed as the environment changed?ArchimedesCharles DarwinWho invented the first steam engine?Thomas NewcomenWho used peas to s
2、how how physical characteristics are passed form parents to their children?Gregor MendelWho discovered radium?Who invented the way of giving electricity to everybody in large cities?Who was the painter that studied dead bodies to improve his painting of people?Maries CurieThomas EdisonLeonardo da Vi
3、nciWho invented a lamp to keep miner safe underground?Who invented the earliest instrument to tell people where earthquakes happened?Who put forward a theory about black holes?Sir Humphrey DavyZhang HengStephen HawkingDo you know? 发明蒸汽机的并不是瓦特，他是改进纽可门的蒸气机并发明出双动作，使世界进入“蒸气时代”的，使他成为第一次工业革命中的名气最大的发明家。186
4、5年，修士孟德尔在一个会议上报告了他通过长达八年的实验研究和他所统计的多达两万一千多件样本的实验结果，利用豌豆实验发现了植物的遗传规律，但是孟道尔的理论超出了当时人们能够接受的水平。35年后，三国科学家几乎是同时发现了植物遗传的规律。而当他们准备发表论文，去查阅文献时，又不约而同地发现，早在35年前孟德尔就发现这样的规律了。他们三个人在发表论文时，都提到了孟德尔的文章，称自己的工作是证实了孟德尔的定律。这就是生物学史上的有名的“孟德尔定律的再发现”。英国化学家、诗人汉弗莱戴维。1778年出生。他小时聪明、淘气，不喜欢读书，喜欢玩乐。他不到20岁时，父亲去世。为了养家糊口，他到当地一位医生那当学
5、徒，从此接触并喜欢上化学，因为觉得自己知识浅薄，他就自订计划发奋用功，凭着他的天资和勤奋，很快掌握了七种语言和不少科学知识，并最终成为了英国皇家学会的主席。1798年戴维的名声随着他对笑气的发现而传遍了整个英国。他还带病专门研究火焰，发明了矿用安全灯（1816），这种灯一直到今天仍叫戴维灯，曾挽救了成千上万名矿工的生命。John Snow is a well-known doctor in the 19th century in London and he defeated “King Cholera”.It is a kind of terrible disease caused by dr
6、inking dirty water and it caused a lot of deaths in the old times and it was very difficult to defeat.Do you know what did this map was used for in 1854?Finding out the cause of Cholera.Who defeats “King Cholera“?What happened in 1854?How many people died in 10 days?Why is there no death at No. 20 a
7、nd 21 Broad Street as well as at No. 8 and 9 Cambridge Street?John SnowCholera outbreak hit London.500These families had not drunk the water from the Broad Street pump.Task 1:Skim and ScanTask 2: Read and answer1 Why couldnt the cholera be under control at first?2 Which theory did John Snow believe
8、in?3 John Snow finally proved the theory he believed by _. A. gathering information with the help of a map B. looking into the source of the water for Broad Street and Cambridge Street C. Separating those who suffered cholera from those who didnt D. Both A and B4 To prevent the cholera from spreadin
9、g again, what did John Snow do?1 Why couldnt the cholera be under control at first?2 Which theory did John Snow believe in?Neither its cause, not its cure was understood.People absorbed cholera into their bodies with their meals.3 John Snow finally proved the theory he believed by _. A. gathering in
10、formation with the help of a map B. looking into the source of the water for Broad Street and Cambridge Street C. separating those who suffered cholera from those who didnt D. both A and B4 To prevent the cholera from spreading again, what did John Snow do? Suggested that the source of all water sup
11、plies be examine. Suggested that new methods of dealing with polluted water be found. Instructed the water companies not to expose people to the polluted water anymore.Mind Map of the textJohn Snow Defeats “King Cholera”Paragraph 1: Introduction of John Snow and Cholera Paragraph 2: Two theory Find
12、a Problem: What cause the cholera?Make a question: Which is right?Paragraph 3-5: Study of the breakout in 1854 Paragraph 3: Study of the breakout in 1854 Think of a method: Test two theoryCollect the result: Mark the deathAnalyse the result: Reason for death and no deathParagraph 4: Study of the bre
13、akout in 1854 Paragraph 5: Study of the breakout in 1854 Analyse the result: Find the resource of the water Repeat if necessary: Find more evidence.Draw a conclusion: Cholera was spread by germ Polluted water carried choleraParagraph 6: Prevention of Cholera John Snow defeat King CholeraRead the pas
14、sage again and finish Ex. 1(Page 3).The problemThe causeIdea 1:Idea 2:The methodScientific Report by John SnowNobody knew the cause of the serious disease of choleraa strange cloud of gas found its victimspeople absorbed the disease with mealsCollect information from the cholera outbreak to prove wh
15、ich theory was correctThe resultsIdea 1 or 2? Why?The conclusionHe found the cause of cholera was the polluted waterIdea 2. Because the information showed that the dirty water carried choleraHe defeated cholera by examining the water supply and dealing with the polluted water Read the passage again
16、and fill in the blanks:John Snow was a well-known _ in London in the _ century. He wanted to find the _ of cholera in order to _ it. In 1854 when a cholera _ out, he began to gather information. He _ on a map where all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had drunk the dirty w
17、ater from the _ died. So he decided that the polluted water carried cholera. He suggested that the _ of all water supply be _ and new methods of _ with polluted water be found. Finally, “King Cholera” was defeated.doctor19thcausedefeatbrokemarkedpumpsourceexamineddealingRetell the passage according
18、to below:John Snow was a well-known _ in London in the _ century. He wanted to find the _ of cholera in order to _ it. In 1854 when a cholera _ out, he began to gather information. He _ on a map where all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had drunk the dirty water from the _ died. So he decided that the polluted water carried cholera. He suggested that the _ of all water supply be _ and new methods of _ with polluted water be found. Finally, “King Cholera” was defeated.