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1、新目标英语七年级下册知识点总结新目标英语七年级下册知识点总结Unit 1 Can you play the guitarUnit 1 Can you play the guitar?1,情态动词+V 原can do= be able to do2,Play+ the+ 乐器+球类,棋类3,join 参加社团、组织、团体4,4 个说的区别:say+内容Speak+语言Talk 谈论 talk about sthtalk with sbtalk to sbTell 告诉,讲述 tell sb (not)to do sthTell stories/ jokes5,want= would like +
2、(sb)to do sth6,4 个也的区别:too 肯定句末 (前面加逗号)Either 否定句末(前面加逗号)Also 行前 be 后As well 口语中(前面不加逗号)7,be good at+ V-ing=do well in 擅长于be good for 对有益(be bad for 对有害)be good to 对友好(good 可用 friendly,nice,kind 替换)be good with 和相处好=get on/ along well with8,特殊疑问句的构成:疑问词+一般疑问句9,How/ what about+V-ing怎么样?(表建议)10,感官动词(l
3、ook, sound, taste, smell, feel)+adj/ like11,选择疑问句:回答不能直接用 Yes或者 No,要从中选择一个回答12,students wanted for school show(wanted 表示招募,含有被动意义)13,show sth to sb=show sb sthgive sth to sb=give sb sth14,help sb (to)do sthHelp sb with sthWith sbs help= with the help of sbHelp oneself to 随便享用15,be busy doing sth/ be
4、 busy with sth16,need to do sth17,be free= have time18,have friends= make friends19,call sb at +电话号码20,on the weekend= on weekends21,English-speaking students 说英语的学生(带有连词符,有形容词性质)22,do kung fu 表演功夫Unit 2 What time do you go to schoolUnit 2 What time do you go to school?1,问时间用 what time 或者 whenAt+钟点a
5、t 7 oclockat noon/ at night(during/ in the day)On+ 具体某天、星期、特指的一天on April 1ston Sundayon a cold winter morningIn +年、月、上午、下午、晚上2,时间读法:顺读法逆读法:分钟30 用 pastfive past eight(8:05) half past eight(8:30)第 1 页 共 8 页分钟30 用 toa quarter to ten(9:45)整点用 oclock7 oclock(7:00)3,3 个穿的区别:wear 表状态,接服装、手套、眼镜、香水等Put on 表动
6、作,接服装Dress 表动作,接 sb/ oneselfget dressed 穿衣3,感叹句:How+adj+主谓!How+adj+a/an +n 单+主谓!What+ a/an +adj+ n 单+主谓!What+ adj+ n 复/ 不可数+主谓!4,fromto5,be/ arrive late for6,频度副词(行前 be 后)Alwaysusuallyoftensometimesseldomhardlynever7,一段时间前面要用介词 forfor half an hourfor five minutes8,eat/ have for breakfast/ lunch/ din
7、ner/ supper9,eitheror10,a lot of=lots of11,it is +adj+for sb +to do sth (adj 修饰 to do sth)It is important for me to learn English.it is +adj+of sb +to do sth (adj 修饰 sb) It is kind/ friendly/ nice of you to help me.Unit 3 How do you get to schoolUnit 3 How do you get to school?1,疑问词How 如何(方式)how lon
8、g 多长(时间)答语常用“ (For/ about +)时间段”how far 多远(距离)答语常用“ (Its +)数词 +miles/ meters/ kilometers”how often 多久一次(频率)答语常用“Always/ often/ every day/”或 “次数+时间”等表频率的状语How soon 多快,多久以后,常用在将来时中。答语常用“in +时间段”how many 多少(接可数名词) how much(接不可数名词)why 为什么(原因) what 什么 when 何时who 谁 whom 谁(宾格) (针对宾语提问也可用 who) whose 谁的2,宾语从
9、句要用陈述句语序3,Stop sb from doing sthStop to do 停下来去做其他事Stop doing 停止正在做的事4,what do you think of/ about?= how do you like?你认为怎么样?5,He is 11 years old.He is an 11-year-old boy.6,many students= many of the students7,be afraid of sthbe afraid to do sthworry aboutbe worried about 担心8,play with sb9,come true1
10、0,have to do sth11,he is like a father to me (like 像)12,leave 离开leave for 出发前往某地13,cross 是动词across 是介词14,thanks for +n/ V-ingThanks for your help/ thanks for helping me.第 2 页 共 8 页Thanks for your invitation/ thanks for inviting/ asking me.Thanks to 幸亏,由于,因为15,4 个花费:人+spend/ spends/ spent+时间/钱+(in)do
11、ing sth/ on sth人+pay/ pays/ paid +钱+for sthIt takes/ took sb +时间+to do sth物+cost/ costs/ cost +sb +钱16,交通方式用介词。在句子中做方式状语。by +交通工具名词(中间无需任何修饰)By bus/ bike/ car/ taxi/ ship/ boat/ plane/ subway/ trainby +交通路线的位置By land/ water/ sea/ airin/ on +冠词/物主代词/指示代词 +交通工具名词In a/ his/ the carOn a/ his/ the bus/ b
12、ike/ship/ train/ horse/ motorbikeon foot 步行用动词。在句子中做谓语。take + a/ the +交通工具名词take a bus/ plane/ ship/ trainride a bikeride a bikewalk/ drive/ ride/ fly to(后面接 here,there,home 等地点副词时,省略介词 to。 )如步行回家:walk home17,名词所有格一般情况加s Toms Toms pens pen以 s 结尾加 the teachers the teachers office ten days office ten
13、days holiday holiday表示几个人共同拥有,在最后一个名词最后一个名词后加s Mike and Johns Mike and Johns desks desk表示每个人各自拥有,在每个名词每个名词后加s Mikes Mikes and Johns and Johns deskss desksUnit 4 DonUnit 4 Don t eat in class.t eat in class.1,祈使句(变否定在句首+dont)Be 型(be +表语) ,否定形式:dont + be +表语Be quiet,please.Dont be late!Do 型(实义动词+其他) ,否
14、定形式:dont +实义动词+其他Come here,please.Dont play football here.Let 型(let sb do sth) ,否定形式:dont + let sb do sth 或者 let sb not do sthNo+n/ V-ingNo photos /mobile;No parking/ smoking/ spitting/ talking/ picking of flowers2,in class 在课堂上in the classroom 在教室3,be on time 准时4,listen to music5, (have a)fight wit
15、h sb7,eat outside8,Must 与 have to(1)must 表示说话人主观上的看法,意为“必须” 。 have to 表示客观的需要或责任,意为“不得不,必须” ,后接动词原词。(2)must 没有人称,时态和数的变化 Have to 有人称,数,时态的变化,其第三人称单数形式为 has to ,过去式为 had to. 构成否定句或疑问句时借助动词 do/ does。(3)have to 的否定式是 neednt=dont / doesnt have to (不必要) ;must 的否定式是 must not/ mustnt(一定不能,不允许) 。第 3 页 共 8 页
16、9,Some of10,bringto11,practice (doing)sth12,wash/ do the dishes13,on school days/ nights14,break/ follow(obey)the rules15,Be strict with sb/ oneselfbe strict in sth 对严格。16,too many“太多”修饰可数名词复数too much“太多”修饰不可数名词much too“实在太”修饰形容词或副词17,make ones/ the bed18,get to, arrive in/at, reach,到达(如果后面接地点的副词 ho
17、me,here 或 there ,就不用介词 in ,at,to)19,remember/ forget+to do 要做+doing 做过20,have fun,enjoy oneself,have a good/ great/ wonderful time+V-ingUnit 5 Why do you like pandasUnit 5 Why do you like pandas?1,回答 why 的提问要用 because2,Kind of 相当于副词,修饰形容词或副词,意为“稍微,有点” ,与 a little/ bit 相近A kind of 意为“一种” ,some kinds
18、of 意为“几种” ,all kinds of 意为“各种各样的” 。这里的kind 是“种,类,属”的意思。3,Why not =Why dont you+V 原你为什么不?4,walk on ones legs/ handson 意为“用方式行走”5,all day =the whole day 整天6,来自 be/ come fromwhere do they come from?=where are they from?7,more than=over 超过less than 少于8,oncetwicethree times9,be in great danger10,one of之一
19、+名词复数11,get lost12,with/ without有/ 没有介词13,a symbol of14,由制造 be made of 能看出原材料be made from 看不出原材料be made in+地点表产地15,cut down 砍到动副结构(代词必须放中间,名词可放中间或者后面)Unit 6Unit 6 II m watching TVm watching TV. .1,现在进行时其结构为 bebe 的现在式(的现在式(am, is, aream, is, are)+ + 现在分词(现在分词(V-ingV-ing) 。否定形式在 be 后面加 not,疑问式将 be 动词提
20、前2,动词-ing 形式的构成:一般情况+ing;以不发音的 e 结尾的,去 e 加 ing;重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写辅音字母再加 ing3,go to the movies第 4 页 共 8 页4,join sb for sth 与某人一起做某事join us for dinner5,live with sblive in+地点6,other,another 与 the otherOther “其他的,另外的” ,后接名词复数,后接名词复数,有时 other+n 复数=othersAnother “又一(个) ,另一(个) ” ,泛指总数为三个或三个以上中的任意一个,后接名
21、词单数后接名词单数。The other“ (两者中的)另一个” ,常与 one 连用, “onethe other”表示“一个,另一个”7,talk on the phone8,wish to do sth9,Here is+ n 单Here are+ n 复Unit 7 ItUnit 7 It s raining!s raining!1. 询问天气的表达方式:Hows the weather?Hows the weather?2,play computer games3,Hows it/ everything going?=How have you been?4,In/ at the par
22、k5,Take a message for sb 替人留言Leave a message to sb 给人留言6,call sb back7,right now,right away,at once,in a minute,in a moment,in no time 立刻,马上8,right now 现在just now 刚刚(用于一般过去式)9,over and over again10,the answer to the question,a key to the door,a ticket to the ball game11,by the pool12,summer vacation
23、13,go on a vacation 去度假be on a vacation 在度假14,write (a letter)to sb15,反意疑问句(陈述句+附加疑问句)反意疑问句中,陈述句用的肯定,后面的附加疑问句就要用否定;相反,陈述句用的否定,附加疑问句就要用肯定。16,adj以-ing 结尾“令人的”exciting,interesting,relaxing以-ed 结尾“人感到的”excited,interested,relaxed17,in the first picture18,dry 干燥的humid 潮湿的Itsa raining/sunny day.Its raining
24、.Its windy.Whats the weather like?Whats the weather like?Unit 8 Is there a post office near hereUnit 8 Is there a post office near here?第 5 页 共 8 页1,There is +There is +单数可数名词/不可数名词+ 地点状语.There are +There are +复数名词+地点状语.谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致(就近原则)(就近原则) 。There be 句型的否定式在在 bebe 后加上后加上 notnot 或或 nono 即可即可
25、。注意 not 和 no 的不同:not 是副词,no 为形容词,notnota/an/any + n.a/an/any + n. 相当于相当于 no+ n.no+ n.There be 句型的一般疑问句变化是把 bebe 动词调整到句首动词调整到句首There beThere be 表示表示“ “某处存在某物或某人某处存在某物或某人” ”;havehave 表示表示“ “某人拥有某物某人拥有某物/ /某人某人” ”2,问路:Is/ Are thereIs/ Are there near here/ around here/ in the neighborhoodnear here/ arou
26、nd here/ in the neighborhood?Where is/ areWhere is/ are?How can I get toHow can I get to?Could/Can you tell me the way toCould/Can you tell me the way toWhich is the way toWhich is the way to3,Across,cross,through,overAcross 是介词, “横过,在对面”表示从物体表面穿过Cross 是动词,相当于 go/ walk acrossThrough 是介词,表示从物体中间或里面穿过
27、 go through the doorOver 是介词, “横过,越过”表示从物体上空越过,跨过 fly over4,ask for help/ advice5,in/ on the street6,在某条大街上习惯用介词 onon Bridge Street7,across from,next to,betweenand,behind8,in front of 在(外部的)前面behind 在后面in the front of 在(内部的)前面9,be in townbe out of town10,be far from11,go/ walk alonggo straightgo up/
28、 down12,turn left/right13,on one s/ the left14,at the first crossing/ turning15,sometimes 有时(频度副词)sometime(将来)有朝一日, (曾经)某天Some times 几次,几倍some time 一段时间(前面用介词 for)16,free 空闲的free time自由的as free as a fish免费的The best things in life are free.17,enjoy doing18,Time goes quickly.19,表“一些”在肯定句中用 some. 在疑问句和
29、否定句中用 any。特殊用法:some 可用于表示盼望得到对方肯定的答复或表示建议、委婉请求的疑问句中。any 也可用于肯定句中,表示任何的。Unit 9 What does he look like?Unit 9 What does he look like?1,what does he look like?询问人长什么样,回答:主语+be+形容词/ 介词短语(he is tall/ of medium height) ;主语+have/has+形容词+名词(she has long hair)what does sb like?询问某人喜欢什么2,多个形容词修饰名词多个形容词修饰名词,一般
30、关系近的靠近名词;音节少的在前,音节多的在后。限定词+数词(序前基后)+描绘性形容词+大小、长短、高低+新旧+颜色+国籍+材料+名词第 6 页 共 8 页3,May be 为情态动词+动词原形,在句子中做谓语,maybe 是副词,表示可能,大概,一般放在句首。4,a little,little 修饰不可数名词,a little 表示一点点,little 表示几乎没有a few,few 修饰可数名词,a few 表示一点点,few 表示几乎没有5, Find 强调找到的结果,look for 强调寻找的过程.6,问职业:what do you do?=what is your job?7,the
31、 same asbe different8,long straight brown hair9,最后 in the end(表事情结局)finally(强调次序)at last(强调经多番努力终于达成)By the end of 直到为止At the end of 在末端/尽头Unit 10 IUnit 10 I d like some noodles.d like some noodles.1,名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词(不可数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数) 。可数名词又分单数和复数。1 1 一般一般+s;+s;2 2 以以-s,-x,-ch,sh-s,-x,-ch,sh 结尾的名词结尾的
32、名词+es+es;3 3 辅音辅音+y,+y,把把 y y 变变 i,i,再再+es+es;4 4以以-o-o 结尾的,有生命的结尾的,有生命的+es+es(negronegroes;heroheroes;tomatotomatoes;potatopotatoes) ;无生无生命的命的+s+s;以;以f f,fefe 结尾的名词,改结尾的名词,改 f f,fefe 为为 v+esv+es(leafleaves;knifeknives) (例外:roofs,chiefs)单复数同形单复数同形:sheep,deer.不规则变化不规则变化:manmen;womanwomen;childchildre
33、n;footfeet;toothteeth 等2,would like sth. 想要某物Would you like some ? 你想要一些吗? Yes, please./ No, thanks.would like to do sth. “想要做某事”。Would you like to ? 你愿意去做吗?Yes, Id like / love to./Id like/ love to. But Im too busy.would like sb to do sth “想要某人做某事”。3,order:order foodtake/ have ones orderIn order to
34、为了In the order 按顺序Order/ book a room 预定房间Order sb(not)to do sth 命令4,special 和 especialSpecial 特别的人或事物,特别的,特殊的,specials 特色菜;specially 专门地,特地Especial 特别的,突出的,especially 特别,尤其5, the number of 表示“的数量” ,后面接可数名词复数。做主语时,主语是number 而不是 of 后面的名词复数,因此谓语动词要用单数;a number of 表示“许多” ,相当于many, 后面接可数名词复数,做主语时,主语不是num
35、ber 而是 of 后面的名词复数,因此谓语动词要用复数。Number 前可用 large,great,small 修饰,不能用 little。6,仍然,还:still(肯定句)Yet(疑问句、否定句)7,one bowl oftwo bowls of8,what size(+n)would you like?Large/ medium/ small9,what kind of10,大:big 体格大、笨重small,little形容具体的人或物Huge 物体体积巨大=very bigLarge 物体面积、空间、范围、数量大small不修饰人Great 重大事件或行为,伟大,具有感情色彩11,
36、肯定句中表并列用 and否定句、疑问句中表并列用 or第 7 页 共 8 页12,around the world= all over the world13,make a wish14,blow out15,in/ at one go16,get popular17,cut up(动副结构)18,bring good luck to19,different kinds of20,be short of 缺乏Unit 11 How was your school trip?Unit 11 How was your school trip?1,一般过去时基本结构:主语+动词过去式+其他;否定形式
37、:was / were + not; 在行为动词前加 didnt,同时还原动词;一般疑问句:Was/Were+主语+其他?Did+主语+动词原形+其他?2,动词过去式规则变化:直接加ed;以不发音 e 结尾的单词,直接加d;以辅音字母 +y 结尾的,变 y为 i 加 ed;以元音字母 +y 结尾的,直接加 ed;以重读闭音节结尾的,双写最后的辅音字母+ed不规则变化的动词过去式(见书本最后一页)3,How was your school trip?= what was your school trip like?4, Go for a walk5, Milk a cow6, Ride a ho
38、rse7, Quite a lot8, Show sb around9, 并列谓语的时态和数必须一致。10,In the countryside11,after that12,come out13,go on school trip14,along the way15,buy/ get sb sth= buy/ get sth for sb16,all in all17,否定转移(主语为第一人称 I 或者 we 时)think,believe,suppose18,be interested in +n/ v-ing19,not at all20,diary entry21,Something
39、意为“某事,有些事” ;anything 意为“任何事,任何东西” ;everything 意为“每一件事” (其后的谓语动词要用单数) ;nothing 意为“没事,什么事都没有” 。Unit 12 What did you do last weekend?Unit 12 What did you do last weekend?1,go+V-ing与 do some +V-inggo+V-ing 表示“去从事某种活动” (一般指户外)go shopping/ swimming/ skating/ dancing/ skiing/ climbing/camping/ hikingdo som
40、e +V-ing 表示“从事某种活动” (一般指室内)do some writing/ washing/ cooking/ cleaning/ reading2,go to the cinema3,camp by the lake4,study for a teststudy for the English test5,work as a guide6,living habits7,stay up late第 8 页 共 8 页8,shout at sb 因生气或愤怒向某人吼叫;shout to sb 对某人大声叫喊,目的是让人听见9,run away10,fly a kite11,adj 修
41、饰不定代词 adj 要放后面something important,anything interesting12,take sb to带某人去13,put up tents14,make a fire15,on the first night16,each other17,get a terrible surprise18,finish doing19,look out of从朝外看(window,door)look out at sth 向外眺望look out for 留神、注意、小心、关心20,feel/ watch/ see/ hear sb do sth 强调整个过程feel/ wa
42、tch/ see/ hear sb doing sth 强调动作正在进行21,jump up and down22,wake up23,so +adj +that +结果状语从句“如此以致”eg:I was so busy thatso busy that I didnt go to sleep for 3 days.The weather was so cold thatso cold that they had to stay at home.The coat is so expensive thatso expensive that I dont want to buy it.so that 引导目的状语从句,以便,为了(in order to)eg:they got up early so thatso that they could catch the early bus.I raise my voice so thatso that I can make myself heard.第 9 页 共 8 页