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1、标题类：标题类：体现概括性体现概括性, 避免远离主题避免远离主题段落主旨：段落主旨：体现针对性体现针对性, 避免张冠李戴避免张冠李戴文章主旨：文章主旨：体现全面性体现全面性, 避免以偏概全避免以偏概全主题句在段首主题句在段首 一个主题句常常是一个段落的开头，其后的句子则是论证性细节。What is the main idea ?A. cigarette smoking can cause cancerB. smoking can cause the most serious and terrible disease(illness)C. smoking also can cause other
2、 health problemsD. smoking is harmful. On 26 January,Australia Day , in over 200 locations across the nation, more than 9,000 people will become Australian citiziens. “By these citizenship ceremonies we welcome those who have come from overseas from many different cultural and social backgrounds int
3、o our communities and our nation,” said the Minister for Citizenship and Multicultural Affairs. “ Australia Day celebrations that include people from so many birthplaces are an ezcellent way to encourage tolerance, respect and friendship among all the people of Australia.” Most citizenship ceremonie
4、s will be followed by displays of singing and dancing from many of the migrants homelands and the tasting of food from all over the world. On Australia Day,_. A. people sing and dance together B. people enjoy Australia food C. some people from overseas were accepted as the citizens in Australia D. p
5、eople can travel all over Australia Reading to dogs is an unusual way to help children improve their literacy skills(读写能力). With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence (自信心), accor
6、ding to Intermountain Therapy Animals (ITA) in Salt Lake City. The group says it is the first program in the country to use dogs to help develop literacy in children, with the introduction of Reading Education Assistance Dogs (READ). The Salt Lake City Public Library is sold on the idea. “Literacy s
7、pecialists admit that children who read below the level of their fellow pupils are often afraid of reading aloud in a group, often have lower self-respect, and regard reading as a headache,” said Lisa Myron, manager of the childrens department. Last November the two groups started “ Dog Day Afternoo
8、n” in the childrens department of the main library. About 25 children attended each of the four Saturday-afternoon classes, reading for half an hour. Those who attended three of the four classes received a “pawgraphed” book at the last class. The program was so successful that the library plans to r
9、epeat it in April, according to Dana Thumpowsky, public relations manager. What is mainly discussed in the text? A. Childrens reading difficulties. B. Advantages of raising dogs. C. Service in a public library. D. A special reading program 有些文章或段落无明显的主题句有些文章或段落无明显的主题句, 只是暗示性地体现主题只是暗示性地体现主题. 这就要求在阅读过
10、这就要求在阅读过程中根据文中所叙述的程中根据文中所叙述的事实事实或提供的或提供的线索线索来概括总结主旨大意来概括总结主旨大意 If you were planning to buy a television set, the following advertisement would certainly draw your attention: “Color TV. Only 79. Two days sale. Hurry.” However, when you go to the store ready to buy. You may discover that they are sold
11、 out. But the shop assistant is quick to tell you that he has another model. A much better set which is “just right for you” It costs 395. This sales method is called “bait and switch”. Buyers are baited with a sales advertisement, and then they are switched to another more expensive one. Buying thi
12、ngs on sale needs careful consideration of the goods and the reason for the sale. The paragraph could be entitled _. A. Buying A TV Set B. A Selling Method C. Buyer Beware D. TV On Sale 有些文章或段落无明显的主题句有些文章或段落无明显的主题句, 只是暗示性地体现主题只是暗示性地体现主题. 这就这就要求在阅读过程中根据文中所叙述的要求在阅读过程中根据文中所叙述的事实事实或提供的或提供的线索线索来概括总来概括总结主
13、旨大意结主旨大意 Tom studied four years at the University of Paris and decided to leave before his graduation. He transferred to the University of Berlin and graduated with honors. Harvard Law School and, later, Boston College provided him with an excellent legal background. He is presently a corporation la
14、wyer in Miami, Florida.The main idea of this paragraph is that _.A. Tom, who had studied at Paris Universities for four years, moved to another university.B. Tom became a lawyer since his graduation from Harvard Law School and later from Boston College.C. Tom was an excellent student when he studied
15、 at Berlin university.D. Tom received an excellent education. 任何一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的，因此，许多文章中最明显的特点之一是有一任何一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的，因此，许多文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词个反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词 A new eight-kilometer road is under construction that links the port area with motorway system. It is expected to carry 2
16、0,000 trucks and cars a day, which greatly reduces the overcrowded traffic in the center of the city. As part of the project, two four-kilometer road tunnels are being built below the central area of the city, one for traffic to the north and the other for the traffic to the south. The two tunnels a
17、re about 20 meters below the surface and are 12 meters wide, providing for two lanes of traffic in each direction. In the upper part of the tunnel two air-conditioning pipes remove the waste gas of trucks and cars and keep the quality of air inside the tunnel. The lighting is at the top of the tunne
18、l, practically at its highest point. There will also be electric signs at frequent intervals. They show traffic conditions ahead and can be seen clearly by drivers. The wall is made up of four main elements, which include a waterproofing covering and, on the inside of the tunnel, a concrete lining.
19、Each tunnel is roughly round and the lower part of the tunnel is somewhat flat. The surface of the road lies on the base, which is made of concrete and steel. The drainage system, just below the road surface on one side, removes any extra liquid, particularly water. In the event of fire, the fire ma
20、in, which is made of steel, pipes water to many fire hydrant stations at regular intervals along the length of the tunnel. The fire main is at the side of the tunnel and at the level of the road surface. Other systems in the tunnel will include emergency phones. The passage is mainly about _. A. the
21、 construction of a road B. the design of a road C. the construction of two tunnels D.the design of two tunnels 根据原因可以预测结果，根据结果也可以找出原根据原因可以预测结果，根据结果也可以找出原因。因。 （NMET2001，A篇）篇）Biggest power failure in the citys historyAll of our ice-cream and frozen foods melted根据上下句的连接词根据上下句的连接词，如：，如：but，however，other
22、wise等就可以看到前后句在意义上的等就可以看到前后句在意义上的差别，从而依据某一句的含义，来确定另差别，从而依据某一句的含义，来确定另一句的含义。分号（；）还可以表示转折、一句的含义。分号（；）还可以表示转折、对比或不相干的意义。对比或不相干的意义。He has been getting better，but during the night his condition deteriorated 例如：例如： Skimming means looking over a passage quickly to get the main idea before you begin to read it carefully 例如例如： The doctor is studying glaucoma and other diseases of the eye 例如例如： Mr. Smith always arrives home punctually，neither early nor late