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1、精品名师归纳总结本单元语法：过去完成时。过去完成时表示在过去某一时间点以前即“过去的过去”已经发生的动作。Mr. Black told me that he had seen the movie three times. 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去” 。 过去完成时的结构是： 确定由“助动词 had 用于各种人称和数 + 过去分词” 构成否定式： had not +过去分词缩写形式： hadn t 过去完成时的时间状语：表示过去某一时间可用 by, before等构成的短语。by the timeby the end ofWe
2、 had finished our homework before 10 oclock. 可能通过 when, before等引导的从句表示。When I got there, the train had left. 过去某一时间通过上下文来表示。Kate hadn t studied hard, so she didn t pass the exam yesterday.【语法归纳】过去完成时与现在完成时的区分两者主要区分是时间的参照点不同：过去完成时的时间参照点是某个 “过去的” 时间。 现在完成时的时间参照点是“现在”。因此现在完成时中的许多规章,也适用于过去完成时。例句：When I
3、got to the cinema, the film had been on for five minutes.当我到达电影院时,电影已演了五分钟了。 （ got 是一个过去的“时间点” ,电影“开头”在我“到达”之前,是“过去的过去” 。由于 for five minutes 为连续一段的时间状语,应用可连续的系表结构 be on 的过去完成时形式。）注：过去完成时是一个相对的时态,表示的是“过去的过去”,只有在和过去某时或某动作相比较时才用到它,因此当原句中如找不到一个“过去的时间” 作为参照点时,是不能用过去完成时的。例句：He got to the railway station a
4、nd suddenly realized thathe had forgottento bringhis ticket.他到了火车站后突然意识到他竟遗忘带车票了。（“遗忘”这一动作在“意识到”这一动作之前。 ）1. by the time+时间状语从句（1） ）时间状语从句的时态是一般现在时时（表示将来） ,主句用将来完成时。（2） ）时间状语从句是一般过去式时,主句用过去完成时。by the end of +时间点（1） ） +过去的时间点,主句用过去完成时。（2） ） +将来的时间点,主句用将来完成时。by+时间点（1） ） +现在的时间点,主句用现在完成时。（2） ） +过去的时间点,主
5、句用过去完成时。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结（3） ） +将来的时间点,主句用将来完成时。By the time you came back, I had finished this book.By the time Jane gets home, her aunt will have left for Beijing.By the end of last year, I had stayed in Xinzheng for seven years. By now, I have finished all my homework.2. leave与 forget的用法:(1
6、) leave“ 遗留,落下,遗忘带” ,侧重指把某物或某人留在某个的方,后常跟的点状语。(2) forget“ 遗忘”,侧重指遗忘某件事情, 后常跟 to do 忘了要去做 或 doing 忘了做过 。 remember to doremember doing. leave left left v离开(1) leave sth +的点 把某物遗忘在某的(2) leave for +的点 目的的离开去某的(3) leave a message留言 ask for leave请假 leave school 中学毕业(4) leave one by oneself=leave sb. alone把
7、某人单独留下3. when 的特别用法“这时,突然” ,用于四种结构1be doing sth.whenI was thinking of this when I heard my name called. 2be on the point of doing sth.whenShe was on the point of going out when the telephone rang3be about to do sth.when Wewere about to startwhenitbegan to rain. 4.sb. had hardly/scarcely/barely done
8、sth. whenWe had hardly fallen asleep when the bell rang.另： be about to忙于。即将做某事。侧重于表示动作立刻就要发生,常与when引导的从句连用,但不与详细的时间状语连用。4. be full of = be filled with布满,装满fillwith. The basket is full of apples. = The basket is filled with apples.5. get/go/e/be back to school=return to school意为“回到学校”1) get back to后接
9、表的点的名词,意为“回到某的” ;2) get back to后面接人 , 可引申为“回复某人的信件,电子邮件,电话”等。3) get back仍可表示“ 回来,返回,拿回,取回”等含义。4) give back=return归仍6. My alarm clock didnt go off.go off发出响声 , 闹钟 闹响 The alarm went off just now.go over复习 go away离开 go by 时间 过去 go for a walk出去漫步 go on 连续 go + doing去做某事go fishing/shopping/skating/swimmi
10、ng去钓鱼/ 去买东西 / 去溜冰/ 去游泳7.wait in line with意为“与排队等候” stand in line站成一排 cut in line插队8.even if / even though/ though/although都可以引导让步状语从句。Even if=even though “即使、纵然”引出的从句表达的是假设或把握很大的事情though “虽然”,引出的从句表达的是事实。I will try even if I may fail.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Though it was very late, he went on workin
11、g. 注 though 和 but 不能同时显现在句中。9.alive, living, live与 livelylively1）live“活着的”,通常指物, 不指人, 常用来作定语放名词的前面。 仍指“实况转播的”。例如：alivefish一条活鱼。Doyoulikealiveshoworarecordedshow.2 ）living意为“活着”强调说明“尚在人间” ,“健在”,可用来指人或物,作定 语 或表 语 。 例 如 ： .Myfirstteacherisstillliving.EnglishAlivingisalivinglanguagelanguageshouldbe.lear
12、nedthroughlisteningandspeaking.Heisregardedasoneofthebestlivingwritersatpresen t.留意： living前加上the,表示类别,指“活着的人们” 。例如：Thelivingmustfinishtheworkofthosedead. living仍可用于短语,例如： makealivingby doing谋生。3） alive意为“活着”,侧重说明生与死之间的界限 原来会死但没有死 ,既可指人,也可指物。可用来作表语,后置定语或宾补。例如： He is dead , but his dog is still alive
13、 . He wanted to keep the fish alive.This is a fish alive.4） lively就意为“活泼的”,“活跃”,“布满愤怒的”,可作定语、表语或宾补,既可指人,又可指物。例如：Jennyisalivelygirl.Everythingislivelyhere.这 儿一切都朝气蓬勃。Hehadastrangewayofmakinghisclasseslivelyandinte resting.live物 定语现场的living人/ 物定语、表语 Make a living/the livingalive人/ 物后置定语、表语、宾补 生与死的界限li
14、vely人/ 物定语、表语、宾补愤怒勃勃的 , 无活着的意思。10. The other planes were full so I had to wait till the next day. till 意为“到,直到”,相当于 until.用于确定句时 ,主句的动词只用连续性的,它所表示的动作始终连续到till或 until表示的时间为止,意为“直到为止” 。She watched TV till her mother came back 用于否定句时,主句的动词一般是非连续性的,也可以是连续性的,它所表示的动作直到 till 或 until 所表示的时间才发生,意为“直到（才） ”。Sh
15、e didn t watch TV till her mother came back.11. show up 出席 on show =on display展览 show off炫耀 show sb.around带某人参观 show sb. sth=show sth to sb向某人展现某物12. playtrickson sb.戏弄某人 play jokes on sb. 对某人开玩笑 laughat嘲可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结笑 make fun of取笑13. Many peopleran totheir local supermarkets to buy as m
16、uch spaghetti as they could.as +adj./adv.+ as sb. can / could = as + adj./adv.+ as possible.尽可能的We must do everything as possible. = We must do everything as well as we can.14. sell out卖光 （用物作主语时,常用于被动语态be sold out）give out分发=hand out分发 workout 解答出 （人）runout of用完（物）run out用完 go out出去 find out查明look
17、out=be careful=take care当心take out拿出 put out熄灭 cut out删除15. find out, look for与 find(1) find out强调经过调查、询问、讨论等曲折过程后才能找出。如：Please find out when the train leaves.(2) look for意为“查找”,强调查找的过程。3find意为“发觉,找到”,强调查找的结果。16.end up doing sth.（以）终止。I must make good use of my spare time, or I will end up doing not
18、hing.end up as最终成为He started as an employee and ended up as head of the firm. end up sth.表示“终止某事”The scientist ended up his speech at last. end up with sth.（以）终止The students began with speaking English, but ended up with speaking Chinese.at the end of在末尾in the end=at last=finally最终17. marry v嫁娶1A ma
19、rry B.“A 与 B 结婚” Bill married Mary on January 1, 1994. 2A and B get married = A and B are married A和 B结婚get married结婚 Kate and Tom get married last year.(3) marry A to B “ 把 A 嫁给 B” Shemarriedher daughterto a richman.(4) be/get married to sb与结婚18. hear 短语hear 可用作及物动词,表示“听到” 、“听见”,侧重于听的结果。如：Im very s
20、orry to hear that.hear 后面仍可以跟 that从句,I hear thatyouvebeen here for severalyears.(2) hear of/about是指间接的“听到”“听说”后接名词性质的词。如：I have never heard of him before.我以前从来没有听说过他。hear of 与 hear about 的意义相近它们含有“听人说起” ,“从书报上看到关于”等意义I ve never heard of him.我从来没有听说过他。Have you heard about him from anywhere.你从什么的方听到过他
21、吗？(3) hear from sb.=get/receive a letter from sb.指“收到的来信”其宾语应是人,而不是信。如：可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结I often hear from my parents.我常常收到父母的来信。19. get/be dressed穿衣服wear 穿,戴（强调状态）宾语可以是衣帽,也可以是饰物、奖章等。You d better wear blue or black pants with blown shoes.put on穿,戴（强调动作）后接衣服、鞋帽等。 I want you to put on thiscoat a
22、nd this hat.dress给穿衣服宾语通常是人, 意思是“给穿衣服”。dress oneself或get dressed表示给自己穿衣服。 It s time to wake up and get dressed.in后接表示衣服或颜色的词, 着重于服装的款式或颜色。 它所构成的短语只能作表语或定语。 He was ina new blackcoat. The girl inred is my sister.20. keep 用法 1.keep + 形容词2.keep+sth/sb +形容词3. keep +doing始终做某事4. keep/stop/prevent sb. . fr
23、om doing .阻挡做某事。5. keep a pet饲养一个宠物6. How long may I keep this book？ keep 指借。二、单词拼写 单句首字母填空 （共 20 小题。共 20 分）21. I othis morning, because my alarm clock didnt go off.22. Luckily, the people trapped in the bbuilding were helped out.23. He wasntdead afterthetrafficaccident交 通事故and stillanow.24. Mr. Wan
24、g athat we well have a picnic tomorrow.25. What a fI was to believe he is a good man.26. Thebeautifulsceneofthatmountainvillagewillprobably dfor ever because of pollution.27. Her dabout the wild animals will change peoples traditional idea about their behaviors.28. After the bell r, all the students
25、 rushed out oftheir classrooms.29. The doctorskept on saving the old manthe woke up.30. Perhapshelldresshimselfupasaclowninthe cparty.31. I have never o,but yesterdaymy alarm clockdidnt go off.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结32. The child bhis fingers while playing with a match yesterday.33. He was still aa
26、fter he experienced the terrible earthquake.34. Mr. Wang athat we would have a picnic tomorrow.35. Itsreportedthatlotsof people were fby the hoax.36. IdidnttakephotosoftheUFO,becausetheUFOhad dbefore I took out the camera.37. Many new dwere made with the help of a pass.38. She often wears a pair of
27、ear r.39. We played from breakfast tlunch.40. A friend once invited me to a cparty.三、单词拼写 依据中文提示拼写单词 （共 20 小题。共 20 分）41. As she is ill,we have to 取消 our tripto the West Lake.42. Lets hope our difficulties will soon 消逝.43. She made so many mistakes when she gave a speech that she felt very 尴尬的 .44. I
28、t is a new 发觉 in science.45. The old lady kept the little dog 活着 by feeding it warm milk.46. Tom missed the early bus because he 睡过头 .47. The presidentof America 宣布 thatthe war in Iraq had stopped.48. She is the public information 官员.49. I 取消 my appointment with a dentist yesterday.50. When spring e
29、s, ice and snow will 消逝.51. Hecouldntanswertheteachersquestion.He felt 尴尬的 .52. Many new 发觉were made with the help of pass.53. We must work hard when we are 活着的 .54. I 睡过头 this morning so that I was late for school.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结55. They 宣布 that they had found the murderer last week.56. Wh
30、at did the 官员 say to your father.57. Im afraid we have to取消 the meeting.58. When spring es, the snow and ice 消逝.59. Whenthey looked at him in surprise,he feltvery 尴尬的.60. There isno 发觉 inthe researchforthe cause of the earthquake.完形填空Tenyears ago, 26-year-oldCivalMillswas justdays away from finishin
31、g hishospitalinternship实习 期inSouthAfrica.He was looking forward to a bright future in71. But later, he met a car72. Whenhe finallywoke up, he discoveredthathe was unable to move a73.He had locked-in syndrome闭锁综合征 he is pletely conscious神志清醒的 , yet unable to move any muscle except his74. All I could
32、hear was the sound of the differentmachines keeping me75. And when I fell asleep I had76dreams, Dr. Mills said.Inthedecadeyears,althoughDr.Millshasnotpletely77 from the condition, he has made a progress. He first learned to78 by using his eye movements to type words on a spelling chart.79 first sent
33、ence was, I love you, Mum.Aftertwo years of treatment,he regainedmovementin hisleftthumb, which he used to finish his first book This Too Shall Pass.Now,aftermany80ofphysicaltreatment,Dr. Millscan turnhis head. Hes recently pleted another book.Ifyou lose hope you have lostyour chance fora betterfutu
34、re,Dr.Mills said.71.A. musicB. artC.medicineD. writing72.repairA. saleB. accidentC. show D.73.A. handB. footC. leg D.muscle74.A. mouthB. eyesC. nose D.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结ears75.A. slowB. aliveC. happyD.strong76.A. goodB. terribleC. amazing D.old77.A. recoveredB. borrowedC. eD.learned78.A. seeB.
35、 municateC. changeD.lock79.A. HerB. HisC. MyD. Our80.A. daysB. weeksC. monthsD.years六、阅读懂得AWhenDanielwoke up yesterdaymorning,he found he was a bitlatefor school, so he started running to catch the bus. Moments later, he saw adog, but not its lead. He tripped over the lead and fell down. He jumpedup
36、 quickly,went on runningand got on the bus. Aftera whilean old coach broke down in the middle of the road, and the driver couldnt move it.It was eight oclock, the middle of the rush hour, so it soon created aterribletrafficjam.The busdrivertriedtogoroundthecoach. Unfortunatelya taxi wasing inthe opp
37、ositedirection.The drivertried to stop the taxi,but he couldntprevent theaccident the taxicrashed into the front of the bus. Luckily nobody was hurt.When Daniel finally got to school out of breath, the science lesson had been on for five minutes. Daniel said sorry to the teacher and satat his desk.
38、He reached out for his school bag no, it was nowhere to befound.Whereis myschool bag. Daniel was puzzled.Suddenly he realizedthat he had left it on the bus. Bad luck.81. What does the underlined word tripped mean.A. 扔掉B. 拣起C. 绊, 绊倒D. 跨过82. What is the order of the accident.A taxi was ing in the oppo
39、site direction.The bus driver went round the coach.An old coach broke down.The taxi crashed into the bus.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结A. B. C. D. 83. What is the best title for this passage.A. An Unlucky DayB. A Happy Day OutC. A Traffic AccidentD. A Strict Teacher CLets try doing the following experimen
40、t. What to Do:Use string to hang a paper clip or other small object at about chest 胸部 level.Pick up a stick, such as a broom handle. Take three or four steps away from the paper clip.Now close one eye and walk toward the paper clip. Try to touch it with the tip of the stick. If you miss, try again,
41、still keeping one eye closed. Now try it with both eyes open and see if its easier to do.How it works:In the experiment, you have to judge how far away the paper clip is.Your brain has several ways of doing this.Onesimple way depends on howmuchyour eye has to focus 聚焦 itself.Using only one eye, most
42、 people willfinditdifficultto touch the paper clip on the first try, but the brain still gets some information aboutdistance though not much.Yourbraincan judge distancemuch betterwhen you look at something withboth eyes. In fact,your brainhas more than one way to use both eyes in judging distance. F
43、or example, to see anything clearly, you have tomakeboth of your eyes pointat the object.Whenyou look at a nearby object,your eyes turninward.You can feelthishappening ifyou look at the tip of your finger and move your finger toward your nose.Your brain gets information from the eyes about how much
44、they arepointing toward each other. Using that information, the brain can tell how far away any object is, whether it is a basketball or a paper clip.88. How many materials do we need at least to do the experiment.A. Two.B. Three.C. Four.D. Five.89. Thepassageismainlyaboutthatwitheyesourbraincan judge.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结A. how big an object isB. how high an object isC. how far away an object isD. how much information an object is90. Which