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1、精品名师归纳总结初三年级（中）【学问梳理】I. 重点短语1. give up2. try out3. most of4. not any more5. at the age of6. at that time7. send message by telegraph8. graduate from9. turn down10. put up11. at the top of12. get together13. from house to house14. at the end of15. on top of16. as well17. climb down18. in a single nig
2、ht19. even though20. live on21. once upon a time22. according to23. keep warm24. on the other hand25. on show26. on display27. in the future28. look up可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结29. Tree Planting Day30. just right31. as often as possible32. wash away33. in this way34. in a few years time35. point to36.
3、 thanks to37. more or less38. so far39. shut down40. send up41. put offII. 重要句型1. set ones mind to do sth.2. put together3. stop from 4. keep from 5. be filled with sth.6. give birth to7. be covered with8. be made of9. fill with 10. match with11. be used for12. have nothing to do with13. come up wit
4、h14. no matter how15. keep sb./sth.warmIII. 交际用语1. - Im trying to2. - Ill可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结3. - Which of these would you like most to.4. - What do you want to .5. - I want to6. - I hope to7. - I plan to8. - Im going to9. - Im so happy that10. - Im glad.11. - me too.12. - Whats this called in E
5、nglish.13. - Whats it made of.14. - Its made of15. - Whats it used for.16. - Its used for17. - English is widely used for business/18. - It is one of the worlds most important languages as it is so widely used.19. - Where is / are grown / produced / made .20. - The ground must be just right21. - Its
6、 best to22. - The hole should not be too deep.23. - The Great Green Wall is 7000 kilometres long, and between 400 and 1700 kilometres wide.24. - The more, the better.25. - More or less.26. - The ground must be just right27. - The hole should not be too deep.28. 把握以下常见标志：ENTRANCE EXIT PUSH PULL NO SM
7、OKING NO PARKING FRAGILE THIS SIDE UP NO PHOTOS DANGER BUSINESS HOURS PLAY STOP PAUSE ON OFFIV. 重要语法可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结1. 动词被动语态的结构和用法。2. 动词不定式的功能和用法。【名师讲解】1. be able to/ can(1) 都能表示 “能够,具备干某件事的才能”这个含义,此时可以互换。Mr. Green is able to finish the work on time.= Mr. Green can finish the work on time.格
8、林先生能够按时完成这项工作。(2) be able to 可以用于各种时态,而can 为情态动词,多用于现在时,其过去式为could。We are sure he will be able to be an artist when he grows up.我们信任他长大后能够成为一名画家。Miss Lin has been able to pay the car by herself.林小姐已经能够自己负担那辆车了。1Can 除了表示 “能够,有才能做某事 ”以外,仍有如下用法,而be able to 就没有。表示恳求,但语气没有 could 委婉Can I have a look at th
9、is picture.我能看看这张图片吗？Can we leave school after 6:00 p.m. . 我们可以在下午 6 点之后再离开学校吗？可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结表示可能性。That man can t be our new teach那er人.不行能是我们的新老师。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结The exam can t be too difficu考lt.试不会太难。2. bring/ take/carry/fetch(1) bring 一般是指拿来,即从别处往说话人这里拿,翻译成“带来 ”。He brought us som
10、e good news.他给我们带来了一些好消息。Please don t forget to bring your homework tomorrow.明天请别忘了把家庭作业带来。(2) take 一般是指从说话人这里往别处拿,翻译成“带走 ”。Please take the umbrella with you. It 要s g下oi雨ng了to,r请ain把. 伞带上。She took the dictionary away. 她把字典拿走了。(3) carry 不强调方向,表示“携带、背着、运输、搬扛”等意思。They carried the boxes into the factory
11、.他们把箱子搬进了工厂。A taxi carried them to the station.出租车送他们到了车站可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结(4) fetch 表示的是 “去取来、去拿来、去叫来”等意思,包含去和来两趟。The waiter fetched them some apples. 侍者为他们取来了一些苹果。Mother fetched the doctor for her ill son.妈妈为生病的儿子请来了医生。3. whole/ all(1) whole 强调一个完整如一,互不分割的整体。The whole country is suffering th
12、e war.整个国家正遭受战争。I just want to know the whole story. 我仅仅只想知道完整的故事。whole 在句中的位置是放在全部格,冠词和指示代词的之后。They will spend their whole holiday in Canada.他们将到加拿大渡过整个假期。（全部格后）She has finished writing the whole book.她已经写完了整本书。（冠词后whole 用来修饰可数名词（名词用单数）。He ate the whole cake. 他把整个蛋糕都吃了。（强调整整一个蛋糕）(2) all 强调由一个个部分组成的
13、“全部 ”。Miss Green knew all the students in the class.格林小姐熟悉这个班上的全部人。（一个一个全熟悉）all 在句中的位置是放在全部格,定冠词和指示代词的之前。Jim finished all his homework in twenty minutes.吉姆在 20 分钟之内完成了全部的作业。（全部格前）Of all the boys here, he sings best. 在这里全部的男孩之中,他唱的最好。（定冠词前） The boy can answer all these questions.那个男孩能够回答全部的这些问题。（指示代词
14、前）all 既能修饰可数名词（名词须用复数）,又能修饰不行数名词。All these five books are mine. 这五本书都是我的。（修饰可数名词）She was worried about her son all the time. 她总在为她的儿子担忧。（修饰不行数名词）4. fill/ full(1) fill 常作动词,与with 连用,意思是 “注满、装满 ”,也能表示 “填空。补缺 ”的意思。He filled the box with chalk.他把粉笔装满了盒子。The bucket is filled with water.水桶里装满了水。(2) full 是
15、形容词,翻译成“满的,装满的 ”,常与 of 连用。此外仍能表示 “完全的 ”和“吃饱的,过饱的 ”。All the rooms are full of people. 全部的房间都满人了。The bus was full. He had to wait for the next one. 这辆车人满了,他只有等下一辆。5. be made of/ be made from/ be made in/ be made into(1) be made of 表示 由 制成 , 一般指能够看出原材料,或发生的是物理变化。This table cloth is made of paper. 这张桌布是
16、由纸做的。This salad is made of apples and strawberries. 这种沙拉是由苹果和草莓做的。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结(2) be made from 也表示 由 制成 ,但一般指看不出原材料,或发生的是化学变化。Bread is made from corn. 面包是小麦做的。The lifeboat is made from some special material. 这个救生艇是由某种特别材料制成的。(3) be made in 指的是产的,意思为 于 制造 。The caps are made in Russia.这些帽子
17、产于俄罗斯。My mother likes to buy things which are made in China.我妈妈喜爱买中国产的东西。(4) be made into 的意思为 被制成为 。This piece of wood will be made into a small bench.这块木头将要被制成一个小凳。The paper has been made into clothes for the doll.纸被做成了洋娃娃的衣服。6. none/ no one/ neither(1) none 既能指人,又能指物,意思是没有一个,无一 ,常用作代词,与of 连用。None
18、 of us has heard of him before. 我们没有一个人以前听说过他。I like none of the coats.那些外套我一件都不喜爱。none 用作主语时,谓语动词用单复数皆可。None of the answers is true. 没有一个答案是正确的。None of the rooms are mine. 没有一间房子是我的。(2) no one 只能用来指人,且不能与of 连用。No one is absent.没有人缺席。I knew no one there. 那里我一个人也不熟悉。no one 用作主语时,谓语动词只能用单数。No one agre
19、es with you.没有人同意你的说法。(3) neither 作代词是对两者都进行否定,意思为 两者都不 ,作主语时谓语动词用单数。Neither of the boys is from England.这两个男孩都不是来自英国。I know neither of them. 他们两个我都不熟悉。7. found/ find(1) find 的意思是 找到、发觉 ,其过去式和过去分词都是found. I cant find my glasses. 我找不着我的眼镜了。He found it boring to sit here alone. 他发觉独自坐在这里很没劲。(2) found
20、是另外一个词,与find 并没有关系,意思是 成立、建设 ,常用作及物动词。The Peoples Republic of China was founded in 1949. 中华人民共和国成立于1949 年。The school was founded by the local residents. 这所学校是由当的居民修建的。8. hear / hear of/ hear from(1) hear 的意思是 听见。听说,得知,后面能接名词、代词或宾语从句。We heard the news just a moment ago.我刚听说这个消息。Can you hear me. 能听见我说
21、话吗？(2) hear of 的意思是 听说,一般指非直接的听见,而是听别人说的。后不能接宾语从句。I have never heard of her. 我从未听说过她。They heard of the film long time ago. 他们很久以前就听说过这部电影。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结(3) hear from 的意思是 收到来信 ,与听 无关。I often hear from him.我常常收到他的来信。He hasnt heard from his mother for a long time. 他很久没有收到妈妈的信了9. send/ send f
22、or(1) send 意思是 送往,派遣 ,仍有 发信,寄信 的意思。The company sent him to study abroad. 公司派他到国外学习去了。Mr. Brown sent her children away. 布郎夫人送走了孩子们。(2) send for 意思是 呼唤。派人去取。派人去拿,而非本人亲自去。They have sent for a repairman. 他们已经派人去请了一名修理工。She sent for some flowers. 她派了人去买花。10. get to/ arrive/ reach(1) arr ive 后不能直接接的点,是一个不
23、及物动词。如表示到达一个相对大的的点,用arrive in ;如表示相对小的的点,用 arrive at .The delegation will arrive in China at 5:00 p.m.代表团将于下午 5:00 到达北京。It was dark when they arrived at the railway station.当他们到达火车站的时候,天已经黑了。When did she arrive here last time.她上次是什么时候到这儿的？（副词前省略介词）(2) reach 能直接接所到达的的点,是一个及物动词。They reached London on
24、Friday. 他们星期五到达了伦敦。The news only reached me yesterday.我于昨天才接到这个消息。reach 仍有 伸手去取,伸手触及,联络 等意思。Can you reach that apple on the tree. 你能够到树上的哪个苹果吗？He can always be reached on the phone.可随时打电话跟他联系。(3) get 在表示 到达 时是不及物动词,应与to 搭配使用。We often get to school on foot. 我们常常步行到学校。They got to the top of the hill a
25、t noon. 他们于中午到达了山顶。【考点扫描】中考考点在本单元主要集中在：1. 动词被动语态的结构和用法。2. 动词不定式的功能和用法。3. 本单元的词汇、短语和句型。4. 本单元学过的交际用语。考试形式可以是单项填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。【中考范例】1. 20XX年北京市中考试题Aunt Li often asks her sontoo much meat. It s bad for his health.A. don t eatB. not to eatC. not eatD. to not eat【 解析】答案： B 。该题考查的是动词不定式的构成和用法。这个句子的基本句型
26、是ask sb. not to do sth. 这里, not to eat 是不定式的否定式做宾语补足语。2. 20XX年嘉兴市中考试题China is becoming stronger and stronger, so Chinesein more American schools now.A. was taughtB. is taughtC. teachesD. taught【 解析 】答案： B 。该题考查的是动词的语态和时态。Chinese 是一种语言,只能被人教,因此要用被动语可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结态。又由于说的现在的情形,动词要用一般现在时。所以选B
27、。3. 20XX年河北省中考试题This paintingto a museum in New York in 1977.A. sellsB. soldC. was soldD. is sold【 解析】答案： C。该题考查的是动词的语态和时态。This painting 只能被卖,所以用被动语态,又由于是1977 年卖的,所以用一般过去时。4. 20XX年扬州市中考试题-If youa new idea, please call me as soon as possible.-Sure, I will.A. keep up withB. catch up withC. feed up wit
28、hD. come up with【 解析】答案： D 。该题考查的是短语动词用法。本单元学习的短语动词come up with a new idea意思是想出新想法,正符合题意。【满分演练】一. 挑选填空。1. The boy is too hungry, he has already eaten an apple, but he asks forone.A. the otherB. otherC. anotherD. others2. It s going to rain. You d betterthere.A. don t go B. to not go C. not to go D.
29、not go3. He spent much timethe work.A. at B. in C. on D. for4. Mr Green would like to meet the headmaster8:009:00 tomorrowmorning.A. from; to B. at; at C. between; and D. from; and5. Whenhis uncle.A. did; dead B. has; died C. did; die D. has; been dead6. Theythis city last week.A. reached to B. got
30、C. arrived D arrived in7. The TV set doesnttoo much. I can afford it.A. take B. spend C. cost D. pay8. His father will be back from Beijinga month.A. between B. after C. in D. for9. He read nothing,he.A. does B. doesn t C. did D. didnt10. There smilk in the bottle, is there.A. little B. few C. a lit
31、tle D. a few11. Look, there is a map of Chinathe two windows.A. between B. among C. about D. in12. Two languages are veryused. One is English, Chinese isone.A. wide, another B. widely, the others C. wide, the other D. widely, the other13. I was badly ill yesterday. ThatsI didnt go to school.A. why B
32、. because C. as D. since14. Have a good time this weekend. .A. Thats OKB. Thanks. The same to you.C. Thats all right. D. Have a better time than me.15. of the money is yours.A. None B. No one C. Neither D. Nothing可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结16. of the apples are red.A. One thirds B. First third C. Two t
33、hird D. Two thirds17. Its getting dark. Youd betterout alone.A. dont go B. not to go C. not going D. not go18. His home isthe northeast of China.A. among B. in C. at D. to19. All the old things were inventedago.A. hundreds of yearB. hundreds of yearsC. a hundreds of yearsD. a hundred of years20. Jac
34、k likes toothers, but never writes to them.A. hear of B. hear about C. hear from D. hear二. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空.1. This job canquite quickly. do2. youyour homework yet. finish3. That pen isnt yours. Its.her4. Can you helpwith my English.I5. Lin Lin is thein our class.young6. Who is, Mike or Jack . tall7.
35、We live on thefloor. twenty8. Englishin many countries today. speak9. Iborn on July 2nd, 1989. be10. You d better here as soon as piobsles. leave三. 完型填空One day a poor farmer was taking a bag of wheat to town. Suddenly the bag 1from his horse onto the road. He did not know 2_ to do about it because i
36、t was 3heavy for him to lift by himself. He only hoped that someone would soon pass by and 4him a hand.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Just at this moment a man 5 a horse came up to him. But the farmer6 wshehneahretsaw who he was. It可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结was the7man living nearby. The farmer had hoped to
37、ask another farmer or a poor man like him to come along and help him. He couldn t ask such a great man to help him. But8to h,isthe great man got off his horse as soon ashe came nearer. He said to the farmer,9_“hIeslpe,efryieonud. How good it is that I m here just at the right timThen he took one end
38、 of the bag, the farmer took the other, they together raised it and put it on the horse.“ Sir,” asked the farmer,“ how can I pay you.”“ It s quite easy.” The great man re1p0l_ied. with“ Wherever you see anyone else in trouble, do the same for him.”1. A. fallB. fell C. falling D. fallen2. A. whatB. h
39、ow C. thatD. it3. A. veryB. soC. quiteD. too4. A. lendB. ask C. borrow D. gave5. A. riding B. ride C. rodeD. rides6. A. falls B. sinks C. sankD. rose7. A. poorB. great C. goodD. bad8. A. surprisedB. surprisingC. surpriseD. surprises9. A. needsB. need C. to need D. needed10. A. smiles B. smile C. a s
40、mile D. an smile四. 阅读懂得AThe war finally ended in 1945. During the next years, two great things可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结happened-my dad came home from the army, and I was born. I was the first child, but I wasnt alone for long. In the next four years, my mother had three more boys.It was great having
41、a big family. The four of us were very close in age, so we playedtogether all the time. We liked the game“ policemen and thieves” best. It was exciting. Everybody always wanted to be a thief. Of course, someone had to be the policeman,and it was usually me.Well, I have grown up now, but I still love
42、 the game. There is only one thing different. Im a real policeman, Policeman Joe, so its not a game any more.判定以下句子是否符合短文内容。符合的用“A”表示。不符合的用“B”表示 .1. Joes father was once a soldier.2. During the war his father came back home.3. Joe was the youngest child in the family.4. He got on well with his broth
43、ers.5. He always had to be the thief in the game.BMichael Jordan is the most famous basketball player in the world. He was born in Brooklyn, NewYork. He didn tlike to talk to other people about himself. He was very short. He didn t play very well when he joined the in his high school at first. But t
44、he next year things changed greatly for him as he grew much taller.Michael Jordan became famous when he joined the university basketball team in North Carolina. Michael used hisspeed and strength力气 to reach the basket again. He played so well that people called him“ Air Jordan After college, Michael became a basketball team member in the Chicago Bulls. The NBA was very surprised at thishigh- flying player. He was named“新Ro秀okieof ”theyear in 1985 and“ Most价V值alu的ablePlayer” in 1987. He once seta record创纪录 by getting 63 points in one game.1. Jordan is a basketball superA. E