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1、高三英语语法知识点归纳英语语法是不少同学学英语是遇到的难题。下面就是小编给大家带来的高三英语语法知识点,希望能帮助到大家!高三英语语法知识点1定语从句引导定语从句的关系代词有that,which,who(宾格whom),所有格whose)和关系副词?where?when?why?等,关系代词或关系副词在定语从句中充当一个成分,关系代词that,which,who,whom等在从句中分别作主语或宾语,whose在从句中作定语,而关系副词when,where,why等在从句中作状语。?如:?I?will?never?forget?the?days?when/in?which?we?worked?t
2、ogether.?I?will?never?forget?the?days?which/that?we?spent?together.?解析:在句中,表示时间的名词the?days在从句中充当的是状语,所以用关系副词when来代指,引导定语从句修饰先行词the?days;而在句中,表示时间的名词the?days在从句中充当的是动词spent的宾语,所以用关系代词that或which来代指。?同样,表示地点或原因的名词如果在从句中作状语,则用关系副词where?或why来代指;如果在从句中作动词的宾语,则用which或that来代替。?如:?This?is?the?factory?where/i
3、n?which?I?worked.(作状语)?This?is?the?factory?that/which?I?visited?years?ago.(作宾语)?注:当先行词为time,reason,?place时,引导词可以省略。如:?This?was?the?first?(when/what)?I?had?serious?trouble?with?my?boss.?That?is?the?reason?(why)?I?did?it.?This?is?the?place?(where)?we?met?yesterday.?另外,定语从句中谓语动词的数应与先行词的数相一致。如:?Mr.?Jack
4、son?is?the?only?foreigner?that?is?present?at?the?party.He?is?one?of?the?students?who?were?praised?by?the?teacher.?解析:在句中,先行词foreigner被only修饰,强调只有一个,所以从句中谓语动词用单数形式,而在句中,who引导的定语从句修饰先行词the?students,为复数,所以从句谓语动词应为复数。高三英语语法知识点21.I would have told him the answer had it been possible ,but I _ so busy then
5、.A.had been B.was C.were D.would be2.He got word that a delegation_.A.soon has arrived B.soon arrivedC.is soon going to arrive D.would soon arrive3.When you _,Ill show you round our campus.A.will have rested B.rested C.have rested D.will be resting下面来看看答案:1.B 此句译为“如果可能的话,我那个时候一定会告诉他答案,但是我那时候很忙”, 空格前
6、面的部分是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,但是.紧接着又使用了转折连词But,这说明后面的部分就不是虚拟的情况了.而是陈述一个事实,而且是过去的事实,那么用一般过去时就可以了,故选项为B.2.D 很明显是肯定得用一个过去的时态,看主句的got,就可以排A和C,因为他们都是现在的时态,在BD,说话者保证代表团一定马上就到,说明在那时代表团是没有来的,应该用过去将来时,选D。3.C 此题可以用排除法来做,在昨天的习题中我们已经知道,在时间或条件状语从句中,分句不能用将来时,要用一般现在时代替将来时,那么我们就可以排除AD 两项了,这个题只能选择C项,事情并没有发生,不过能用过去式,排除B。高三英语语
7、法知识点3时间状语从句1、when的用法(1)when既可引导一个持续性动作,也可引导一个短暂性动作,可用于表示主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作,有时还可表示从句动作后于主句,意为“当。时候”。(2)when在be about to do。when。,be doing。when。,had done。when。,be on ones way。when。,be on the point of doing。when。等结构中,作“那时突然”讲。(3)when “既然、鉴于;尽管,虽然(位于主句之后);如果”2、while的用法(1)表示“当。时候”,引导的动作必须是延续性的。(2)用作并
8、列连词,表示相对关系“然而”。(3)引导让步状语从句,相当于although,意为“虽然”,位于主句前。(4)引导条件状语从句,相当于as/so long as,意为“只要”。3、as 的用法(1)表示“当。时候”,强调同时发生,不指先后。(2)说明两种正在发展或变化的情况,表示“随着”,表示时间的推移。(3)表示“一边。一边。”。(4)强调两个动作紧接着发生。(5)表示“虽然,尽管”。(6)其他含义“正如,正像”,“作为”,“由于,因为”。4、before的用法(1)一般意为“在。之前”“。才”,“。就”“还没有。”“免得”“不知不觉”“宁可,宁愿”,“否则,要不然”。(2)It + wil
9、l be/was + 时间段+before+一般现在时/一般过去时。在肯定句中,意为“多长时间之后才”;在否定句中,意为“用不了多长时间就”。5、until和till(1)与肯定句连用,必须是延续性动词。(2)与否定句连用,必须是非延续性动词,表示“直到。才,在。之前不。”。注意:not until可用于强调句和倒装句强调句:It is/was not untilthat倒装句:not until 放句首时,主句要部分倒装。6、since的用法(1)since后是非延续性动词,时间起点从该动作发生算起,意为“做某事多久了”;since后是延续性动词,时间起点从该动作结束算起,意为“不做某事已有
10、多长时间”。(2)It is/has been +时间段+since+一般过去时7、表示“一.就.”的句型(1)as soon as, once,immediately,directly,instantly,the moment,the minute等引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生,主句的动作随即发生,常译作“一。就。”,这类从句中,经常用一般现在时态代替将来时态。(2)on doing sth.或“on ones+名词”作时间状语。8、有些名词和副词可以起连接词的作用,引导时间状语从句。注意:时间状语从句中不用将来时态。若要表示将来时间,可用一般现在时态表示。但when引导名词性从句时,从
11、句中要使用将来时。高三英语语法知识点4一、不定式做主语:1、不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。=动名词doing 表示习惯的,经常的动作。e.g: To finish the building in a month is difficult.To do such things is foolish.To see is to believe. (对等)注: 1). 不定式作主语时,谓语用单数2). 当主语较长,谓语较短时,常用it做形式主语,而将不定式放到谓语的后面。it做形式主语,不定式放在谓语动词之后常用于下列结构中:(1)It is/was +adj.+of sb. to do(2) I
12、t is +adj.+for sb.+to doIt is easy / difficult / hard / foolish / unwise / right / wrong / unnecessary(3) it is +a +名词+ to do.It is a pity / a pleasure / a pleasant thing / ones duty / an honor / a shame / a crime / no easy job to doIt takes (sb.) some time / courage / patience to doIt requires cour
13、age / patience / hard work to do注意: probable 和 possible 均可作表语,但possible可以用不定式作真实主语, 而probable不能用不定式作真实主语。It is probable for him to come to the meeting.(错)It is possible for him to come to the meeting.It is possible / probable that he will come to the meeting.高三英语语法知识点51. 定义:用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。2. 构成:关联词+简
14、单句3. 引导主语从句的关联词有三类:(1) 从属连词that。 如:That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them.很明显,她们确是亲姐妹,她们的脸型很相似。(2) 从属连词whether。如:Whether hell come here isnt clear. 他是否会来这里还不清楚。(3) 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever连接副词 where, when, how, why。如:
15、What she did is not yet known. 她干了什么尚不清楚。How this happened is not clear to anyone. 这事怎样发生的,谁也不清楚。Whoever comes is welcome. 不论谁来都欢迎。Wherever you are is my home - my only home. 你所在的任何地方就是我的家-我的家。解释:1. 主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。常以it作形式主语的句型有:A. It+be+形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny
16、, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)+that从句。如:It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。It is probable that he told her everything. 很可能他把一切都告诉她了。B. It+be+名词词组(no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.)+that从句。如:Its a pity that we cant go. 很遗憾我们不能去。Its
17、no surprise that our team should have won the game. 我们没赢这场比赛真意外。C. It+be+过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged, etc.)+that从句。如:It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. 据说格林先生已经到了北京。It is reported that China has sent another man-made earth satellite into orbit.
18、据报道中国又成功地发射了一颗人造地球卫星。D. It+seem, happen等不及物动词及短语+that从句。如:It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all. Alice似乎不来参加晚会。It happened that I was out that day. 碰巧我那天外出了。E. It+doesnt matter (makes no difference, etc.)+连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句。如:It doesnt matter whether she will come or not. 她是否来这无关紧要。It
19、makes no difference where we shall have the meeting. 我们在哪里开会毫无区别。F. 当that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时,要以it作形式主语,而把主语从句后置。如:Is it true that the scientist will give us a lecture next week? 下周那位科学家将给我们作报告是真的吗?Does it matter much that they will not come tomorrow? 他们明天不来很要紧吗?G. 当主语从句出现在感叹句中时,要以it作形式主语,而把主语从句后置。如:How
20、strange it is that the children are so quiet! 孩子们这么安静真奇怪!2.注意连接代词whoever, whatever, whichever等引导主语从句的含义Whoever comes will be welcome. (whoever=the person who) 来的人将受到欢迎。Whatever he did was right. (whatever=the thing that) 他所做的事情是正确的。Whichever of you comes in will receive a prize. (whichever=anyone of you who) 你们当中不论哪个进来将会得到奖高三英语语法知识点归纳分享第 9 页 共 9 页