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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上Unit 4 Earthquakes重点词汇及短语1) right away 立刻，马上 (= immediately / at once / right now / in no time ) 你必须马上交作业。 You must hand in your homework right away.2) well n. 井 adv. 好；充分地 e.g. think well 充分思考 Learn it well. 好好地学。adj. 健康的 You dont look well. 你看上去气色不太好。int. 好啦；好吧vi./vt. 涌出；涌上 Tears well
2、ed up in her eyes. 泪水涌上她的双眼。3) million n. 百万 具体数字 + million (单) + n. .百万 (确数) millions of + n. 大量，无数，好几百万 (概数) (用法同billion, hundred, thousand等) 3百万美元 3 million dollars 好几百万美元 millions of dollars4) burst vi./vt. (burst, burst) （使）爆裂；(使）破裂；（使）爆发e.g. The balloon burst. 汽球爆破了。He burst with anger. 他勃然大怒。
3、The boy burst the balloon. 那男孩把气球弄爆了。burst into sth./ burst out doing sth. 突然.起来e.g. She burst into tears/ laughter. = She burst out crying/ laughing. 她突然哭/笑起来。c.n. 突然破裂；爆发a burst of . 一阵. e.g. a burst of laughter/anger 一阵笑声/大怒5) as if 仿佛；好像 = as though (引导表语、状语从句) (1) + 陈述语气 (从句可能性大)It looks as if
4、it is going to rain. 看起来好像要下雨了。 (2) + 虚拟语气 (从句内容非真实的)She treats me as if I were her sister.她待我就像我是她姐妹一样。He turned around as if he hadnt seen me. 他转过身，好像没看见我。6) at an end 结束；终结 (= finished ; over)e.g. The war was at an end. 战争结束了。相关短语： in the end 终于；最后 at the end of 在的尽头by the end of 到底（末）为止 come to
5、an end 结束 （物作主语, 不及物）put an end to sth. 终止 （人作主语, 及物） e.g. The meeting came to an end. 会议结束了。 The chairman put an end to the meeting. 主席结束了会议。7) ruin c.n. 废墟; 遗迹 (常用复数) e.g. the ruins of Yuanmingyuan 圆明园遗迹 u.n. 毁坏；破坏；破产 e.g. The company is facing ruin. 那公司面临破产。vt. 毁灭；使破产e.g. The fire ruined the hous
6、e. 火把房子烧毁了。 The bad news ruined his hope. 这个坏消息毁灭了他的希望。in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪；成为废墟；落空e.g. The earthquake left the city of Tangshan in ruins.地震使得唐山这座城市成了一片废墟。His career/plan is in ruins. 他的事业尽毁。/ 他的计划落空。8) shock vt. (使) 震惊；震动u.n. 休克 c.n. 冲击；震惊；震动 常用结构：be shocked at/by sth. 对吃惊 be shocked to do sth. 因做某事而
7、吃惊shocking adj. 骇人听闻的，令人震惊的e.g. 他们对这个骇人听闻的消息感到十分震惊。They were shocked at/ by the shocking news.或 They were shocked to hear the shocking news. 她的死对我是个很大的震动。 Her death was a great shock to me.9）rescue c.n./u.n. 援救；营救 e.g. a rescue team 一支营救队短语： come/ go to sbs rescue 来/去救援/帮助某人The fire fighters came to
8、 their rescue.消防人员来营救他们。vt. (rescued, rescuing) 援救；营救 常用结构 rescue sb./ sth. (from) （从中）搭救/营救出某人The fire fighters rescued them from the fire.消防人员把他们从大火中救了出来。10）trap n. 陷阱，圈套，诡计；困境vt. 使陷入困境; 设陷阱，诱骗 （-pp-）be trapped in/by 被困住，陷入e.g. They were trapped in the burning hotel.他们被困在失火的酒店里。trap sb. into (doin
9、g) sth. 使某人陷入圈套，用计使某人做某事11）dig out (dig-dug-dug; digging) 找出，挖出，掘出，发现dig out the truth 找出真相dig sth./ sb. out (of ) （从中）掘出；挖出他不得不从雪里把车挖出来。 He had to dig his car out of the snow.12）bury vt. (1) 埋葬；掩埋；隐藏e.g. His body was buried under a tree. 他的尸体被埋在一棵树下。 (2) 专心致志于某事bury oneself in sth. sb. be buried in
10、 sth.埋头于；专心于e.g. He buried himself in his studies. = He was buried in his studies.他埋首于学习。13）frighten vt. 吓唬，是吃惊，使害怕 e.g. The dog frightened the child. 狗吓坏了小孩。frighten . away 把.吓跑 e.g. The barking of the dog frightened the thief away. 狗吠声把小偷吓跑了。 frighten sb. into doing sth. / frighten sb. out of doin
11、g sth. 恐吓某人(不)做某事fright c.n. / u.n. 惊骇，吃惊frightening adj. 令人恐惧的，惊恐的，可怕的frightened adj. 感到害怕的，受惊吓的14）congratulation n. 祝贺，贺词 （常用pl.）“就某事祝贺某人” offer / send ones s to sb. (on/upon sth.) 或 offer / send sb. ones s (on/upon sth.)e.g. 我们祝贺他的成功。 We offered our s to him on his success. congratulate vt. 祝贺，庆贺
12、 sb. (on/upon sth.) 就.向某人祝贺 oneself (on/upon sth.) 庆幸自己.e.g. 他庆幸自己考试及格。 He d himself on passing the exam.15) judge c.n. 裁判员；法官；审判员；鉴赏家vt. & vi. 判断；判决；审理；评价 Never judge from/by appearances. 别以貌取人。常用结构：judge + n.e.g. You cant judge a book by/from its cover.你不能凭封面来评价一本书。 judge + sb. to bee.g. I judged
13、him to be about 50. 我判断他大约50岁。 judge + sb./sth. + adj./n. e.g. I judged him the oldest. 我判断他年纪最大。 judge + clausee.g. I cant judge which answer is better. 我无法判断哪个答案更好些。judging by/ from 从看,根据判断 （作状语）e.g. Judging from his response, he was satisfied with the performance. 从他的反应看来，他对这场演出是满意的。 Judging by h
14、is accent, he must be from the U.S.A. 从他口音判断，他一定来自美国。judgement c.n. 判断；判决 u.n. 判断力；识别力16) express vt. 表示；表达 express ones opinion/ idea/ attitude/ meaning/ 表达某人的意见/想法/态度/意思等 express oneself 表达自己的意思 Try to express yourself clearly. 尽力把你的意思表达清楚吧。n. 快车；速递expression n. 表达；表情；表达法重点句子分析1)But the one millio
15、n people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep asusual that night. (Reading) think little/poorly/badly/ill of sb./sth. 对某人/物评价不高、不好、不看重 think a lot/ highly/well of sb./sth. 对某人/物评价很高、很好、很看重 e.g. 他不看重钱。 He thinks little of money. 读者们对她的书评价很高。 The readers think highly of her boo
16、k. 被动：Her book is highly thought of by the readers.2)Two-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.三分之二的人在地震中死去或受伤。 (Reading)分数的表达法，分子用基数词(one, two, ), 分母用序数词(first, second, ), 当分子大于1时，分母的序数词要用复数形式，如, 1/5为one-fifth, 4/5为four-fifths。“当分数/百分数of 名词/代词”作主语时，谓语的单复数由of 后的名词/代词决定。e.g. About
17、 three-fifths of the earths surface is covered with water. (be)Ten percent of the students are from China. (be)3) A huge crack that was eight kilometres long and thirty mitres wide cut across houses, roadsand canals. (Reading) cut across (1) 走捷径，穿过去 如果穿过这片地，我们可节省时间。We can save time if we cut across
18、this field. (2) 和. 相反， 违反 他的讲话和他以前说的相反。His speech cut across what he had said before.4)In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. (Reading) lie (1)说谎 (lied, lied) (2)位于，在于 (3)躺着 (4)处于某种状态 (lay, lain) lie “出于某种状态” + adj. / 介词短语 e.g. 战争过后，这村庄成了一片废墟。 The village lay in ruins after the war.
19、书打开在桌子上。 The book lay open on the table.5)Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed. 他们所看到的地方几乎一切都被摧毁了。 everywhere (1) adv. 到处，处处 You can see flowers everywhere. 你到处可看到鲜花。 (2) conj. 无论哪里 (= wherever) 无论你走到哪里，都能看到鲜花。 You can see flowers everywhere you go. (3) n. 到处，处处 Everywhere seems to
20、 be quiet. 6) All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。到处好像很安静。all, both, each, every等词与否定词not连用，构成部分否定，表示“不都, 不全是”的意思。no, none, never等词用于全部否定。e.g. All that glitters is not gold.闪光的不都是金子。All the students didnt pass the exam. =Not all the students passed the exam. 不是所有学生都通过考试。(有的学生通过了考试，有的没有通过。)None of the
21、students passed the exam. 没有一个学生通过考试。课后巩固练习21. -I hear they will get married next week. - _ A. Good luck! B. Congratulations! C. Oh，really? D. Yes，sir?22. _，the headmaster rose to indicate that the conversation was _. A. At an end；in an end B. In the end；at an end C. In an end；at the end D. At an en
22、d；in the end23. One minute she burst into _and the next burst out _. We just couldnt catch her mood(情绪) at any moment. A.crying; laughter B. tears; laughingC. tears; laughter D. crying; laughing24.A child _parents are dead is called an orphan. A. which B. whose C. where D. with25.After the fire,the
23、once beautiful house is_. A. in ruin B. on the ruin C. on ruins D. in ruins26.Luckily, _ of the two brothers were badly hurt. A. not all B.not both C.not every D.not each27._ he is doing an operation on the patient. Please dont disturb him. A. Right away B.Right now C.In no time D.At once28. The num
24、ber of people invited _ fifty, but a number of them _ absent for different reasons. A. were ; was B.was ; was C.was ; were D.were ; were29. It_everyone to hear all of the villagers behind the mountain were killed in the earthquake. A. suffered B.shocked C.persuaded D. destroyed30. Everything returne
25、d to normal_nothing had happened. A. as if B.so that C. because D.for31. _Tom hasnt come to class yet? _What do you think _? A. did happen to him B. has happened to himC. he happened D. he has happened32.About _of the workers in that factory are young people. A.third fifths B.three fifths C.three-fi
26、ves D.three fifth33. Mary_her great sadness when she learned that the earthquake left her hometown in ruins. A.expressed B judged C suggested D told34. The lifeboat was sent out to_ the sailors from the sinking ship. A. shelter B. escape C. rescue D. trap35._ in the book,he didnt hear the sound. A B
27、urying B. To be buried C. Having been buried D.Buried第二节 完形填空（共20小题：每小题15分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36-55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该项涂黑。 Earthquakes have been objects of worry and fear throughout history No other natural event can 36 as much damage over so 37 an area 38 so short a time
28、 39 in a single earthquake there 40 be ten thousand or 41 more than a hundred thousand 42 lost Nearly 43 this loss（损失），as well as 44 of the great damage， 45 ，can be prevented or avoided If 46 are constructed（建筑） under any 47 system and 48 checked，people would not be buried or 49 With 50 and warning，
29、 51 from 52 can be reduced and damage from giant 53 can be controlled Thus，by studying the earths 54 and surface，the effects of earth quakes can be 55 36 A cause B. make C. take D. produce37 A small B. general C. large D. important38 A on B. about C. for D. in39 A But B. Though C. Even D. Then40 A m
30、ay B. must C. should D. might41 A about B. to C. over D. even42 A living B. life C. live D. lives43 A all B. most C. whole D. every44 A many B. much C. more D. plenty45 A however B. but C. then D. so46 A roads B. parks C. buildings D. bridges47 A old B. modern C. foreign D. different48 A carefully B
31、. busily C. hardly D. daily49 A broken B. cut C. knocked D. killed50 A help B. care C. fear D. worry51 A lives B. people C. deaths D. houses52 A wind B. rain C. light D. fires53 A water B. waves C. seas D. oceans54 A rocks B. soil C. air D. secret55 A changed B. put down C. reduced D. turned第一节 单项填空21-25 CBBBD 26-30 BBCBA 31-35 BBACD第二节 完形填空 3640 ACDCA 4145 DDABA 4650 CBADB 5155 CDBAC专心-专注-专业