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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上Unit 4 What should I do?（P50）Too.to 太而不能、太无法1、tooadj./adv.to do.有时too后也可跟一个起形容词作用的过去分词。 The boy is too young to go to school.这男孩年龄太小，不能上学。 He walks too slowly to get there on time.他走得太慢，不能按时到达那儿。 Im too tired to think of anything now.我太累了，什么也不能想了。 2、too.toto be V-ed这是too.to结构中不定式为被动式时的变
2、体，如果主语是不定式动作的承受者，不定式既可以用主动式，也可以用被动式，此时用主动式虽然在形式上是主动的，但在涵义上却是被动的。 The tea is too hot to drink/to be drunk.茶太热，不能喝。 The shoes are too badly broken to mend/to be mended.这些鞋子破烂得不能修补。 3、tooadj./adv.for sb./ sth.to do /be V-ed在too.to结构中加上一个for sb./sth.,以提示动词不定式的逻辑主语，可以起到一定的限制作用，即限制不定式所表示的动作行为只是就它的逻辑主语而言的，
3、对于其他人或物则不一定是这样，这就使句子意思更具体、明白。 English is too difficult for me to learn well.英语太难，我学不好。This question is too difficult for me to answer.这是一个我不能回答的难题。 注意： 在这个句型中，句子主语和不定式的宾语是指同一个事物，则宾语不能重复，必须省掉，有时甚至其后的to do也可以省去。请试译： 这个箱子太重，我搬不动。 误：This box is too heavy for me to carry it. 正：This box is too heavy for m
4、e to carry. 这辆小汽车太贵，他买不起。 误：The car is too expensive for him to buy it. 正：The car is too expensive for him(to buy). 4、并不是所有too.to结构的句子都表示否定意义，在下列情况下，too.to结构可以表示肯定意义： too.to结构之前带有but,only,all,never,not时，是强调肯定的表示法，译作非常、十分、实在、真是太等。例如： I am but too glad to do so.我非常喜欢这样做。 We are only too happy to live
5、in China.生活在中国，我们太幸福了。 They are all too satisfied to go and do this work.他们很乐意地去做这项工作。 Youre never too old to enjoy a Christmas stocking.你绝对不会老得不能获得圣诞长袜带来的快乐。 English is not too difficult to learn.英语并不难学。 too.to结构中带有表示某种心情或描绘性的形容词或副词，如ready, apt, eager, satisfied, inclined, kind,willing,easy,anxious
6、等加动词不定式结合成一个不可分割的状态、态度、倾向或心情等，并且其后的不定式不是说明too的具体内容，而是修饰形容词，故不定式不再表示结果。例如： Comrade Lei Feng was too ready to help others.雷锋同志乐于助人。 The old woman is too apt to forget.这位老太太太健忘了。 We are too willing to be scientists.我们太想当科学家了。 He is too inclined to be cheated.他很容易上当受骗。 He was too anxious to do this job.
7、他非常想干这件工作。 She is too hard to deal with.她极难相处。 I am too eager to have a world travel.我很想有一次环球旅行。 Its too kind of you to tell me that.(You are very kind to tell me that.)你告诉我那件事真是太好了。 （p50）continue to do sth是做完一件再做别的 continue doing sth是做一件事中断后再继续做这件事 After finishing my homework ，I continue to help my
8、 mother with housework. After finishing my homework ,i continue helping my mother with housework.（P51）Deal with （deal的过去式和过去分词都是dealt）1、 “处理”。 I dont know how to deal with the problem. 我们不知道如何处理这个问题。 At the beginning of this term, well have many difficulties to deal with. 这学期开始我们将有许多难题要解决。 2、 “对待；对付
9、” The old lady is hard to deal with. 那个老太太很难对付。 What is the best way of dealing with the cruel enemy? 对付残忍的敌人最好的办法是什么？ 3、 “论述或谈论（某问题）” This book deals with problems of pollution. 这本书论述污染问题。 He made a speech at the conference, dealing with folk music. 他在大会上做了一次演讲，谈民间音乐。(p55)形容词，副词的比较级、最高级一、规则变化1.一般在词
10、尾直接加er或est，例如，tall-taller-tallest，long-longer-longest2.以不发音的字母e结尾的单词在词尾直接加r或st，例如，nice-nicer-nicest3.以辅音字母+y结尾的词，把y变为i，再加er或est，例如，heavy-heavier-heaviest4.重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母，再加er或est，例如，big-bigger-biggest5.部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加more构成比较级和most构成最高级，例如，slowly-more slowly-most slowly；beautiful-more
11、beautiful-most beautiful二、等级的用法（一）、原级的用法1.只能修饰原级的词，very，quite，so，too例如，He is too tired to walk on.他太累了以至于不能再继续走了。My brother runs so fast that I cant follow him.我弟弟跑得那么快以至于我跟不上他。2.原级常用的句型结构(1)“甲+be+(倍数)+as+形容词原级+as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的几倍”例如，Tom is as old as Kate.汤姆和凯特年龄一样大。Tom is twice as old as Kate.
12、汤姆的年龄是凯特的二倍。“甲+实意动词+(倍数)+as+副词原级+as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的几倍”例如，Tom runs as fast as Mike.汤姆和迈克跑得一样快。Tom runs twice as fast as Mike.汤姆跑得速度是迈克的二倍。(2)“甲+be+not+as/so+形容词原级+as+乙”甲不如乙例如，This room is not as/so big as that one. 这个房间不如那个大。“甲+助动词+not+动词原形+as/so+副词原级+as+乙”甲不如乙例如，He doesnt walk as slowly as you.他
13、走路不像你那样慢。（二）、比较级的用法1.可以修饰比较级的词，much，a lot，far，的多；a little，a bit，一点儿；even甚至，still仍然例如，Lesson One is much easier than Lesson Two.第一课比第二课容易得多。Tom looks even younger than before.汤姆甚至比以前更年轻。This train runs much faster than that one.这辆火车比那辆跑地快。She drives still more carefully than her husband.她开车仍然比她丈夫还认真。
14、2.比较级常用的句型结构(1)“甲+be+(倍数)+形容词比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙”或“甲比乙几倍”例如，Tom is taller than Kate.汤姆比凯特高。This room is three times bigger than that one.这个房间比那个大三倍。“甲+实意动词+(倍数)+副词比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙”或“甲比乙几倍”例如，I got up earlier than my mother this morning.我今天早晨起床比我妈妈还早。He runs three times faster than his brother.他跑的速度比他
15、弟弟快三倍。(2)“甲+be+形容词比较级+than+any other+单数名词(+介词短语)”表示“甲比同一范围的任何一个人/物都”， “甲最”例如，The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China.=The Yangtze River is longer than the other rivers in China.长江比中国的其他所有的河都长。 =The Yangtze River is the longest river in China.长江是中国最长的河流。“甲+实意动词+副词比较级+than+any other+
16、单数名词(+介词短语)”表示“甲比同一范围的任何一个人/物都”，含义是“甲最”。例如，Mike gets to school earlier than any other student in his class.= Mike gets to school earlier than the other students in his class.迈克比他们班上其他的同学到校都早。 = Mike gets to school earliest in his class.迈克在他们班到校最早。(3)“甲+be+the+形容词比较级+of the two+”表示“甲是两者中较的”。例如，Look a
17、t the two boys. My brother is the taller of the two.看那两个男孩，我弟弟是两个当中较高的那个。(4)“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越”。例如，He is getting taller and taller.他变得越来越高了。The flowers are more and more beautiful.花儿越来越漂亮。He does his homework more and more carefully.他做作业越来越认真了。(5)“the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越，越”。例如，The more careful you are
18、，the fewer mistakes youll make.你越认真，犯的错误越少。(6)“特殊疑问词+be+形容词比较级，甲or乙？”例如，Which is bigger，the earth or the moon？哪一个大，地球还是月球？“特殊疑问词+实意动词+副词比较级，甲or乙？”例如，Who draws better，Jenny or Danny？谁画得比较好，詹妮还是丹尼？3.最高级常用句型结构(1)“主语+be+the+形容词最高级+单数名词+in/of短语”表示“是中最的”。例如，Tom is the tallest in his class./of all the stud
19、ents.汤姆是他们班上/所有学生当中最高的。This apple is the biggest of the five.这个是五个当中最大的。 “主语+实意动词+(the)+副词最高级+单数名词+in/of短语”表示“是中最的”。例如，I jump (the) farthest in my class.我是我们班跳得最远的。(2)“主语+be+one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词+in/of短语”表示“是中最之一”。例如，Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.北京是中国最大城市之一。(3)“特殊疑问词+be+the+最高级+甲，乙
20、，or丙？”用于三者以上的比较。例如，Which country is the largest，China，Brazil or Canada？哪一个国家最大，中国，巴西还是加拿大？ “特殊疑问词+be+the+副词最高级+甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者以上的比较例如，Which season do you like (the) best，spring，summer or autumn？你最喜欢哪一个季节，春天，夏天还是秋天？（p56）反义疑问句一、英文中的反意疑问句。1、什么是反意疑问句英语中，反意疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问句组成。其中附加疑问句是对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问，起证实
21、作用，一般用于证实说话者所说的事实或观点。翻译为“是吗”2.反意疑问句的回答，回答时，如果情况属实，用Yes加上反问句的倒装肯定句；若果情况不属实，则用No加上反问句的倒装否定句。例如You were moved by your students, werent you?情况属实：Yes, I were. 情况不属实：No, I werent.二当陈述句中含有be动词，助动词，或是情态动词时，反问句部分由这些词加上主语人称代词构成，Be动词包括：am, is, are, was, were助动词有：do, does, did, have, has（用在完成时）等情态动词有：can, could
22、, may, might, must, will, would, shall, should例如：She is a lovely girl, isnt she? He will go home, _wont_ _he_?She doesnt like to eat popcorn, _does_ _she_?The baby wont sleep early, will it?注意：He has supper at home every day, doesntt he? (不能用hasnt he?) They have known the matter, havent they? (不能用do
23、nt they?) 三当陈述句中只含有行为动词时，若动词加了s,就用does, 若动词为原形，就用do,动词为过去式，则用did,例如：You cleaned your house last week, _didnt_ _you_?Your father plays the computer very well, _doesnt_ _he _?They look so happy today, _dont _ _they_?四反意疑问句的陈述部分带有little, few, never, hardly, seldom，nobody, nothing, barely, scarcely等否定意义
24、的词时，问句部分用肯定式。如： She never tells a lie, does she? He was seldom late, was he? 五、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I am时，问句部分习惯上用arent I？表示。如： I am a very honest man, arent I? 六陈述部分的主语为不定代词something, anything, nothing, everything时，问句部分的主语用it。如： Something is wrong with the computer, isnt it? Nothing has happened to them, has
25、 it? 七陈述部分为祈使句1）若为lets引导，反问句用shall we? 例如 Lets go home together, shall we? 让我们一起回家，好吗？2）若为let us引导 和其余的任何一般的否定祈使句，都用will you,例如：Let us stop to rest, will you? 让我们停下休息，好吗？Dont make any noise, will you? 别弄出噪音，好吗？3）一般的肯定祈使句则用will you 或wont you 都行例如：Do sit down, wont you?/ will you? 请坐，好吗？You feed the b
26、ird today, will you? 今天你喂鸟，是吗？Please open the window, will you? (wont you?) 打开窗，好吗？八、陈述部分为There (Here) + be + 主语时，问句部分用动词+there (here)?形式。 There are two cakes on the plate, arent there? 碟子里有两块蛋糕，是吗？ Here is a story about Mark Twain, isnt here? 这是关于马克吐温的故事，是吗？练习题：一、 单词拼写1. The policeman was q him abo
27、ut the theft when I walked past.2. Shes a p girl and she hates violence.3. Mozart was a g musician. He created a lot of famous pieces of music.4. “Oh, please come in and take a s .” said Mr Green.5. “Stop telling lies again! I can show you the e to prove that it is not true.6. His mother works as a
28、c assistant in the near supermarket.7. The a usually think their kids are too weak to look after themselves.8. Please stand in a q and wait for your turn.9. I dont know what to do. Can you give me some g ?10. Im sorry, its my f .11. She a me to leave at once but I refused.12. Try to find a simple wa
29、y to s the problem.13. It is i for me to get here so early tomorrow.14. The children are playing with the f leaves under a big tree happily.15. Dont take these books. They b to the school library.16. Yesterday I fell off my bike. L , I wasnt badly hurt.17. Its very hot today. I cant b such hot weath
30、er any more.18. Kelly enjoys s very much and she spends a lot of money on clothes.二、 完成句子1. 他把信息给误删了。He deleted the message .2. 孩子们正忙于为晚会做准备。The children are ready for the party.3. Tom, 你的新车花了多少钱？Tom, how much you your new car?4. 我对这个坏消息感到很难过。 I the bad news.5. 那个男孩高兴得睡不着。The boy was excited .6. 她感到
31、内疚，不知道该怎么办。She felt guilty and didnt know .7. 警察在询问他们有关那起交通事故的情况。The police them the traffic accident.8. 小女孩不小心碰落了玻璃杯。The little girl knocked the glass off .9. 迈克错把我的书拿回家了。Mike took my book home .10. 小孩子染上恶习很危险。Its dangerous for children to .11. 玛丽努力想把英语学好。 Mary study English well.12. 别为我们担心，我们很快就会找
32、到这个问题的答案。Dont us. Well the problem soon.13. 因为下大雨我们不能去爬山。The heavy rain us climbing the hill.14. 她开车比她任何朋友都要小心得多。She drives her car much than any of her friends.15. Miss King一直没有出声，是吗？Miss King hardly spoke a word the whole time, ?16. 莉莉对这次失误负有责任。Lily the mistake.17. 在打架事件中，你应该向他道歉。 the fighting, yo
33、u should say sorry to him.18. 你应当提防那三个粗鲁的男人。You should the three rude men.19. 很遗憾地告诉你，你的英语考试不及格。 I tell you, you failed in the English exam.20. 他说服他爸爸戒烟。He his father smoking.三、 单项选择1.The girl was too frightened a word.A. not to tell B. not to say C. to tell D. to say2. I felt guilty and didnt know
34、.A. what to do B. how to do C. what to do it D. when to do3. My mother is often busy housework at weekends.A. to do B. do C. doing D. did4. Dont the bus before it stops.A. get up B. get away C. get off D. get out5. Dont feel that you have to hide the problem, ?A. will you B. shall we C. do you D. do
35、nt you6.Li Ming writes in his class.A. more careful B. more carefully C. most careful D. most carefully7Please pass me the dictionary, ?A. can you B. shall you C. do you D. will you8. The boy doesnt dance the others, but he sings best of all.A. as well as B. so good as C. more worse than D. more bet
36、ter than9.Few of the students hurt themselves in the accident last night, ?A. dont they B. didnt they C. did they D. do they10.All of us are making an effort for the sports meeting.A. prepare B. prepared C. preparing D. to prepare11.It took men to build the Great Pyramid.A. thousand of B. two thousa
37、nds C. thousands of D. two thousands of12. Who runs in your class?A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. more fastest13. Youd better tell me the truth. You shouldnt make others suffer your mistakes.A. because B. since C. as D. because of14. I was very to be able to help the old man.A. pleased B. please C.
38、pleasure D. pleasing15. These books are for our project. We can find useful information in them.A. helping B. helpful C. helped D. helpless答案：一、Quetioning, peaceful, gifted, seat, evidence, course, adults, queue, guidance, fault, advised, solve, impossible, fallen, belong, luckily, bear, shopping, 二
39、、By mistake, busy getting, do spend on, fell sorry about, too to fall asleep, what to do, are asking about, by accident, by mistake, get into bad habits, makes efforts to, worry about work out, prevent from, more carefully, did she, was to blame for, in the case of, look out for, regret to, persuades to stop三、DACCA DDACD CCDAB 专心-专注-专业