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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上初中英语时态复习巩固“三个一般, 两个进行, 两个完成”一般现在时 现在进行时 现在完成时一般过去时一般将来时 过去进行时 过去完成时一、 一般现在时 (概念,句式结构, 常用时间状语; 用法) 1、概念, 句式结构, 常用时间状语。 (1)概念:一般现在是主要表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态,也可表示现在的情况或状态以及永恒的真理。 (2)句式结构: Be(is , am , are) +表语,如:She is a beautiful girl. There be (is , are )句型,如:There is a schoolbag on the desk.
2、 实义动词作谓语, 谓语用动词原形,但主语是第三人称单数时,谓语要用相应的单数第三人称形式 如: They usually go to school on foot.She likes chocolate. (3)常用时间状语:always, usually, often, everyday等。2.一般现在时的用法(1) 表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态,常与表频度的时间状语连用。如: My mother often does housework. 我妈妈经常做家务。(2) 描述现在的情况,状态等。如:He speaks Russian very well.他讲俄语讲得很好。(3) 描述客
3、观真理、客观存在或科学事实等。如:Light travels faster than sound.光比声音传播速度快。 (4) 注:在含时间状语从句或条件状语从句的复合句中,若主句用一般将来时,则从句用一般现在时表示将来,即“主将从现”如: I will ring you if he comes back tomorrow.如果他明天回来,我就给你打电话。 例: I will send you an e-mail as soon as I _in Canada. A. arrive B arrived C am arriving D will arrive (5) 在以here , there
4、开头的句子中常用一般现在时代替进行时。如: Here comes the bus! 汽车来了!二、 一般过去时 (概念,句式结构以及常用的时间状语; 动词过去式的构成,一般过去时的用法)1. 概念,句式结构及常用的时间状语(1) 概念: 表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。(2) 句式结构 was/were+表语 She was a beautiful girl ten years ago. there was/were There were many shops near our school. 实义动词作谓语 He got up at six oclock yesterday morning.
5、(4) 常用的时间状语: yesterday(昨天), the day before yesterday (前天), last week (上星期),two days ago (两天前),just now (刚才)等2. 动词过去式的构成方式 一般过过去式中,谓语动词要用一般过去式, 过去式的变化分为规则(见七年级上册102页)和不规则两种(不规则动词表见八年级上册116页) 3一般过去时的用法(1)表示过去发生或过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态。如: He visited the Great Wall yesterday. 昨天他旅游了长城。 He went to the hospital o
6、nce a week last week. 去年他每周去医院一次。 例: Im now in New York with my friend Jenny. We _ by plane on Monday. A arrive B arrived C are arriving D will arrive ( 2) 用于虚拟条件句中, 表示与现在事实相反的情况。如: If I were you, I would take a small present. 如果我是你的话,我就带上一小件小礼物。 注: if I were you 中, were 不能改成was。 三、 一般将来时(概念, 句式结构以及
7、常用的时间状语, 用法) 1. 概念,句式结构以及常用的时间状语(1) 概念: 表示将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。(2) 句式结构 Will/shall + 动词原形 They will have a good time. be going to + 动词原形 We are going to take an exam. 现在进行时表将来 The bus is coming. 公共汽车要来了。(3) 常用的时间状语:tomorrow, the day after tomorrow , in two hours , soon , in the future等2.一般将来时的用法 (1)be goi
8、ng to 和will 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。 We are going to have a meeting to discuss the plan. 我们打算开会讨论这个计划。She will reach here at five oclock this afternoon. 今天下午五点她将到达这里。 例. My sister wants a new dress. She _ it to the party. A wears B has won C wore D is going to wear (2) be going to 表示根据某种迹象判断将要发生某事, will 表示客
9、观上将来势必发生的事。 如: Look at the dark clouds. Its going to rain. 看那乌云,天马上要下雨了。 He will be twenty years old next year. 明年他就要20岁了。 例. There _a basketball match between Class One and Class Three this afternoon. A is going to be B will have C are going to be D is going to have 注:There be的一般将来式是there is/are go
10、ing to be 或there will be 选A 练习1. My parents often _ a walk after supper. They are both very healthy.(have)2. The student _ to school three days last week. So he cant finish his last weeks homework. (not go)3. This year alone Mr. Wu _ a cold twice. The students all say that he needs to do much exerci
11、se in the morning.(catch) 4. The students said that they _ from school in three months. (graduate)5. The girl is friendly to her grandmother. She usually _ to see her grandmother once a week.(go)6. Those tourists _ in Kunming at ten oclock yesterday morning. (arrive)7. _ your son or your daughter _
12、after you, Mr. Green? (take)8. I dont know what Mr. Changs wife does. I think she may _ a conductor.(be)9. - Zhang Xiaohui, have you been to Beijing?- Not yet . My father tells me that he _ me there by the year 2012.(take)两个进行时态一 现在进行时 (概念,句式结构,常用的时间状语及用法)1 概念,句式结构及常见的时态标志词 (1).概念: 表示现在正在进行的动作(2).句式
13、结构: 主语+ am/is / are +现在分词+其他(3).常见的时态标志词:now, at the moment, look, listen等2.现在分词的构成方式3.现在进行时的用法: (1). 表示目前正在进行的动作。如: She is reading a book. 她正在读书。 例:Wheres Tom? His mother _ him now. A. is looking for B. will look for C. has looked for D. looks for (2). 与always,usually,forever等词连用,表示说话者的赞扬、厌恶或不满情绪等。
14、如: He is always helping others. We all like him.他总是帮助别人,我们都很喜欢他。 (3).一些表示位置移动的动词,如go , come, leave等常用现在进行时表示将来发生的;动作。如: He is leaving for Shanghai tomorrow.特别提醒:以下动词通常不用于现在进行时 表示感觉、情感或心理活动的动词,如: hear, listen,look,smell, taste, notice,seem, hate, like , want, love, want, wish等 表示所有或占有的动词,如:have, own,
15、 belong等 表示记忆,理解或决定的动词,如:forget, remember, understand, believe,know,decide二 过去进行时(概念,句式结构及常用的时间状语和用法)1. 概念,句式结构及常用的时间状语(1).概念:表示过去某个时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。(2).句式结构:主语+was/were+现在分词+其他 当主语为一、三人称时用was, 其余用were。(3). 常用的时间状语: at nine oclock last night(昨天晚上九点), at that time(那时), at that moment(当时), this time yes
16、terday(昨天的这个时候), from 8:00 to 9:00 last night(昨晚8:00到9:00),以及when和while引导的时间状语从句等。2.用法 (1). 表示过去某一时刻正在进行的的动作。如: I was watering my flowers at nine yesterday morning. 昨天上午九点我在给花浇水。 (2).表示过去某一段时间正在进行的动作。如: What were you doing from 8:00 to 9:00 last night? 昨天8点到9点你在干什么?例.- What were you doing this time
17、yesterday?- I _ on the grass and drawing a picture. A. sit B. sat C. am sitting D. was sitting 练习1. Hi, Li Ping, stop crossing the road. Dont you see that the traffic _ ? (move)2. The telephone rang while my uncle _ supper in the kitchen last Friday.(cook)两个完成时态一、 现在完成时 1、概念,句式结构及常用的时间状语 (1).概念:表示过去
18、发生的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果,还表示动作从过去某时开始一直持续到现在,并有可能持续下去 (2). 句式结构: 主语+have/has+过去分词+其他。 2.现在完成时的用法及常用的时间状语 (1). 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果, 常与already, yet, ever等连用。如: She has already finished the work. 她已经完成了工作。 (2).表示动作从过去某时开始一直持续到现在。 如:The teacher can teach us well. He has taught English for ten years. (表明教
19、这个动作从过去持续到现在,并对现在有影响。) 注: 在句中用到表示“从过去某时持续到现在” 这样的时间状语时,一般用现在完成时,这时的谓语动词在肯定句、一般疑问句、how long提问的特殊疑问句中,谓语要用可延续性动词。如: a). The girl has _ the book since two weeks ago. A. borrowed B. bought C. kept D. broken b). Have your friends _ the school football team for two years. A. joined B. been on C. heard of
20、D. taken part in c).How long has the man _ the farm? A. bought B. had C. got D. seen 一般get, go, come, buy, borrow, return, give join, die, see, meet,open等及其短语都是不可延续性动词(终止性动词),不可与表示从过去某时持续到现在的时间状语连用。 3. have gone to 和have been to 的区别 Have/has gone to. “已到地方去了,表示已去了某地,人在去的路上或在目的地,还没回来,不在说话地。 如: Mr Li
21、isnt in the office. He has gone to Beijing already. Have/has been to. 已到过. . 地方去了, 指以前去过,现在人回来了,不在目的地或路上。 如: Li Ping, have you been to Beijing before?二、 过去完成时 1. 概念,句式结构及常用的时间状语 (1).概念: 表示到过去某时为止或在过去谋私之前已经发生或完成的动作,即“过去的过去”。 (2)句式结构:主语+had +过去分词+其他 (3)常用的时间状语:by the end of last term, by then 以及when,a
22、fter等引导的时间状语从句。 2.过去完成时的用法: (1)表示过去某一时间之前已经发生或完成的动作,它表示发生在过去。如: We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term. 到上学期未为止,我们已经学了2000多个英语单词。 例.The meeting _ by the time I got there yesterday. A. was on B. has been on C. had begun D. has begun (2). 用在told, knew, heard等动词后的宾语从句中。如:She said that she had never been to Paris. 她说她从来没有去过巴黎。 (3).用在含when, after, before,等引导的状语从句的复合句中。如: When the police arrived, the thieved had run away. 当警察到达的时候,小偷们已经逃跑了。专心-专注-专业