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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上2001年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section IStructure and VocabularyPart ADirections:Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the
2、 brackets with a pencil. (5 points)Example:I have been to the Great Wall three times _ 1979.A fromB afterC forD sinceThe sentence should read, “I have been to the Great Wall three times since 1979.” Therefore, you should choose D.Sample AnswerA B C 1.If I were in movie, then it would be about time t
3、hat I _ my head in my hands for a cry.A buryB am buryingC buried（C）D would bury2.Good news was sometimes released prematurely, with the British recapture of the port _ half a day before the defenders actually surrendered.A to announceB announcedC announcing（B）D was announced3.According to one belief
4、, if truth is to be known it will make itself apparent, so one _ wait instead of searching for it.A would ratherB had toC cannot but（D）D had best4.She felt suitably humble just as she _ when he had first taken a good look at her city self, hair waved and golden, nails red and pointed.A hadB had hadC
5、 would have and（A）D has had5.There was no sign that Mr. Jospin, who keeps a firm control on the party despite _ from leadership of it, would intervene personally.A being resignedB having resignedC going to resign（B）D resign6.So involved with their computers _ that leaders at summer computer camps of
6、ten have to force them to break for sports and games.A became the childrenB become the childrenC had the children become（D）D do the children become7.The individual TV viewer invariably senses that he or she is _ an anonymous, statistically insignificant part of a huge and diverse audience.A everythi
7、ng exceptB anything butC no less than（D）D nothing more than8.One difficulty in translation lies in obtaining a concept match. _ this is meant that a concept in one language is lost or changed in meaning in translation.A ByB InC For（A）D With9.Conversation becomes weaker in a society that spends so mu
8、ch time listening and being talked to _ it has all but lost the will and the skill to speak for itself.A asB whichC that（C）D what10.Church as we use the word refers to all religious institutions, _ they Christian, Islamic, Buddhist, Jewish, and so on.A beB beingC were（A）D arePart BDirections:Beneath
9、 each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the rackets with a pencil. (10 points)Example:The lost car of the Lees was found _ in the woods
10、 off the highway.A vanishedB scatteredC abandonedD rejectedThe sentence should read. “The lost car of the Lees was found abandoned in the woods off the highway.” There fore, you should choose C.Sample AnswerA B D11.He is too young to be able to _ between right and wrong.A discardB discernC disperse（
11、B）D disregard12.It was no _ that his car was seen near the bank at the time of the robbery.A coincidenceB conventionC certainty（A）D complication13.One of the responsibilities of the Coast Guard is to make sure that all ships _ follow traffic rules in busy harbors.A cautiouslyB dutifullyC faithfully（
12、B）D skillfully14.The Eskimo is perhaps one of the most trusting and considerate of all Indians but seems to be _ the welfare of his animals.A critical aboutB indignant atC indifferent to（C）D subject to15.The chairman of the board _ on me the unpleasant job of dismissing good workers the firm can no
13、longer afford to employ.A compelledB posedC pressed（C）D tempted16.It is naive to expect that any society can resolve all the social problems it is faced with _.A for longB in and outC once for all（C）D by nature17.Using extremely different decorating schemes in adjoining rooms may result in _ and lac
14、k of unity in style.A conflictB confrontationC disturbance（D）D disharmony18.The Timber rattlesnake is now on the endangered species list, and is extinct in two eastern states in which it once _.A thrivedB swelledC prospered（A）D flourished19.However, growth in the fabricated metals industry was able
15、to _ some of the decline in the iron and steel industry.A overturnB overtakeC offset（C）D oppress20.Because of its intimacy, radio is usually more than just a medium; it is _.A firmB companyC corporation（B）D enterprise21.When any non-human organ is transplanted into a person, the body immediately rec
16、ognizes it as _.A novelB remoteC distant（D）D foreign22.My favorite radio song is the one I first heard on a thick 1923 Edison disc I _ at a garage sale.A trifled withB scraped throughC stumbled upon（C）D thirsted for23.Some day software will translate both written and spoken language so well that the
17、 need for any common second language could _.A descendB declineC deteriorate（B）D depress24.Equipment not _ official safety standards has all been removed from the workshop.A conforming toB consistent withC predominant over（A）D providing for25.As an industry, biotechnology stands to _ electronics in
18、dollar volume and perhaps surpass it in social impact by 2020.A contendB contestC rival（C）D strive26.The authors of the United States Constitution attempted to establish an effective national government while preserving _ for the states and liberty for individuals.A autonomyB dignityC monopoly（A）D s
19、tability27.For three quarters of its span on Earth, life evolved almost _ as microorganisms.A preciselyB instantlyC initially（D）D exclusively28.The introduction of gunpowder gradually made the bow and arrow _, particularly in Western Europe.A obscureB obsoleteC optional（B）D overlapping29.Whoever for
20、mulated the theory of the origin of the universe, it is just _ and needs proving.A spontaneousB hypotheticalC intuitive（B）D empirical30.The future of this company is _: many of its talented employees are flowing into more profitable net-based businesses.A at oddsB in troubleC in vain（D）D at stakeSec
21、tion IICloze TestDirections:For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)The government is to ban payments to
22、witnesses by newspapers seeking to buy up people involved in prominent cases the trial of Rosemary West.In a significant of legal controls over the press, Lord Irvine, the Lord Chancellor, will introduce a bill that will propose making payments to witnesses and will strictly control the amount of th
23、at can be given to a case a trial begins.In a letter to Gerald Kaufman, chairman of the House of Commons Media Select Committee, Lord Irvine said he with a committee report this year which said that self regulation did not sufficient control. of the letter came two days after Lord Irvine caused a of
24、 media protest when he said the of privacy controls contained in European legislation would be left to judges to Parliament.The Lord Chancellor said introduction of the Human Rights Bill, which the European Convention on Human Rights legally in Britain, laid down that everybody was to privacy and th
25、at public figures could go to court to protect themselves and their families.“Press freedoms will be in safe hands our British judges,” he said.Witness payments became an after West was sentenced to 10 life sentences in 1995. Up to 19 witnesses were to have received payments for telling their storie
26、s to newspapers. Concerns were raised witnesses might be encouraged to exaggerate their stories in court to guilty verdicts.31.A as toB for instanceC in particular（D）D such as32.A tighteningB intensifyingC focusing（A）D fastening33.A sketchB roughC preliminary（D）D draft34.A illogicalB illegalC improb
27、able（B）D improper35.A publicityB penaltyC popularity（A）D peculiarity36.A sinceB ifC before（C）D as37.A sidedB sharedC complied（D）D agreed38.A presentB offerC manifest（B）D indicate39.A ReleaseB PublicationC Printing（B）D Exposure40.A stormB rageC flare（A）D flash41.A translationB interpretationC exhibit
28、ion（B）D demonstration42.A better thanB other thanC rather than（C）D sooner than43.A changesB makesC sets（B）D turns44.A bindingB convincingC restraining（A）D sustaining45.A authorizedB creditedC entitled（C）D qualified46.A withB toC from（A）D by47.A impactB incidentC inference（D）D issue48.A statedB remar
29、kedC said（C）D told49.A whatB whenC which（D）D that50.A assureB confideC ensure（C）D guaranteeSection IIIReading ComprehensionDirections:Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four answers marked A, B, C and D. Read the passages carefully and choose the be
30、st answer to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (40 points)Text 1Specialization can be seen as a response to the problem of an increasing accumulation of scientific knowledge. By splitting up the subjec
31、t matter into smaller units, one man could continue to handle the information and use it as the basis for further research. But specialization was only one of a series of related developments in science affecting the process of communication. Another was the growing professionalisation of scientific
32、 activity.No clear-cut distinction can be drawn between professionals and amateurs in science: exceptions can be found to any rule. Nevertheless, the word “amateur” does carry a connotation that the person concerned is not fully integrated into the scientific community and, in particular, may not fu
33、lly share its values. The growth of specialization in the nineteenth century, with its consequent requirement of a longer, more complex training, implied greater problems for amateur participation in science. The trend was naturally most obvious in those areas of science based especially on a mathem
34、atical or laboratory training, and can be illustrated in terms of the development of geology in the United Kingdom.A comparison of British geological publications over the last century and a half reveals not simply an increasing emphasis on the primacy of research, but also a changing definition of
35、what constitutes an acceptable research paper. Thus, in the nineteenth century, local geological studies represented worthwhile research in their own right; but, in the twentieth century, local studies have increasingly become acceptable to professionals only if they incorporate, and reflect on, the
36、 wider geological picture. Amateurs, on the other hand, have continued to pursue local studies in the old way. The overall result has been to make entrance to professional geological journals harder for amateurs, a result that has been reinforced by the widespread introduction of refereeing, first b
37、y national journals in the nineteenth century and then by several local geological journals in the twentieth century. As a logical consequence of this development, separate journals have now appeared aimed mainly towards either professional or amateur readership. A rather similar process of differen
38、tiation has led to professional geologists coming together nationally within one or two specific societies, whereas the amateurs have tended either to remain in local societies or to come together nationally in a different way.Although the process of professionalisation and specialization was alread
39、y well under way in British geology during the nineteenth century, its full consequences were thus delayed until the twentieth century. In science generally, however, the nineteenth century must be reckoned as the crucial period for this change in the structure of science.51.The growth of specializa
40、tion in the 19th century might be more clearly seen in sciences such as _.A sociology and chemistryB physics and psychologyC sociology and psychology（D）D physics and chemistry52.We can infer from the passage that _.A there is little distinction between specialization and professionalisationB amateur
41、s can compete with professionals in some areas of scienceC professionals tend to welcome amateurs into the scientific community（B）D amateurs have national academic societies but no local ones53.The author writes of the development of geology to demonstrate _.A the process of specialization and profe
42、ssionalisationB the hardship of amateurs in scientific studyC the change of policies in scientific publications（A）D the discrimination of professionals against amateurs54.The direct reason for specialization is _.A the development in communicationB the growth of professionalisationC the expansion of
43、 scientific knowledge（C）D the splitting up of academic societiesText 2A great deal of attention is being paid today to the so-called digital divide - the division of the world into the info (information) rich and the info poor. And that divide does exist today. My wife and I lectured about this loom
44、ing danger twenty years ago. What was less visible then, however, were the new, positive forces that work against the digital divide. There are reasons to be optimistic.There are technological reasons to hope the digital divide will narrow. As the Internet becomes more and more commercialized, it is
45、 in the interest of business to universalize access - after all, the more people online, the more potential customers there are. More and more governments, afraid their countries will be left behind, want to spread Internet access. Within the next decade or two, one to two billion people on the planet will be netted together. As a result, I now believe the digital div