英语初高中衔接教案(共23页).docx

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上霍城县江苏中学集体备课教案年级高一学科 英语主备人曾洁罗倩第二稿教学内容:初高中英语衔接一、 教学目标(按考试大纲要求)知识与技能目标:1. 掌握英语语音基础知识2. 掌握英语句子的种类,句子的成分,成分的划分,词类以及时态。3. 掌握英语阅读策略。过程与方法目标:1. 指导学生根据语音知识识记单词。2. 让学生学会划分句子的成分,并了解基本句型。3. 掌握一些阅读技巧,提高阅读效率。情感态度与价值观目标:帮助学生衔接初高中的英语知识,提高对英语的学习兴趣。复备人:尹爱丽于红莉马海英杨磊黄莹马志英马凤梅曾祥国二、 教学重点难点1.掌握英语语音基础知识2.掌握英语句子的

2、种类,句子的成分,成分的划分,词类以及时态。3.掌握英语阅读策略修改补充:三、 如何突出重点、突破难点1. Develop students reading ability and let them learn different reading skills.2. Use Task-Based method to help students master the key points.3. Let students get a better understanding of the grammar item. 四、 课时安排 1st Period 语音基础知识 2nd Period 句子的种

3、类和成分 3rd Period 词类 4th Period 句子的时态 5th Period 阅读策略a五、 教学设计Period 1 语音基础知识Teaching procedures一、英语字母与发音: 1.英语中有26个字母,其中5个元音字母:a, e, i, o, u。 它们的音标分别是:/ei/, /i:/, /ai/, /, /ju:/。剩下的21个字母都是辅音字母。英语字母发音表A a/ei/B b/bi:/C c/si:/D d/di:/E e/i:/F f/ef/G g/ i:/H h/ei/I i/ai/J j/ ei/K k/kei/L l/el/M m/em/N n/e

4、n/O o/P p/pi:/Q q/kju:R r/a:/S s/es/T t/ti;/U u/ju:/V v/vi:/W w/dblju:/X x/eks/Y y/wai/Z z/zi:/或/zed/二、英语字母发音归类/ei/ Aa Hh Jj Kk/i:/ Ee Bb Cc Dd Ee Gg Pp Tt Vv/ai/ Ii Yy/ Oo/ju:/ Uu Qq Ww/a:/ Rr/e/ Ff Ll Mm Nn Ss Xx Zz 三、26个字母的分类:两类:1、元音字母5个:Aa,Ee,Ii,Oo,Uu2、辅音字母21个:Bb , Cc, Dd, Ff, Gg, Hh, Jj, Kk, Ll

5、, Mm, Nn, Pp, Qq, Rr, Ss, Tt, Vv, Ww, Xx, Yy, Zz四、26个字母的基本发音:元音字母通常有两种主要发音,即短音和长音(字母本身的名称音)如Aa的短音读作 /,长音读作/e/辅音字母在单词中的发音通常是将字母名称音中的元音去掉,余下的音就是该字母在单词中的读音。如Ff在单词中读作/f/ Kk读作/k/掐头法学读音辅音字母在单词中的发音读下列辅音字母名称音,将其第一个音去掉,余下的音,即为该字母在单词中的读音。Ff Ll Mm Nn Ss Xx Ff /ef / /e/ /f/ 去/e/ 余/f/ Ll /e/ /e/ / 去/e/余/Mm /em/

6、/e/ /m/ 去/e/ 余/fm/ Nn /en / /e/ /n/ 去/e/余/n/Ss /es / /e/ /s/ 去/e/余/s/ Xx /eks/ /e/ /ks/ 去/e/余/ks/去尾法学读音 读下列辅音字母名称音,将其后面的音去掉,余下的音,即为该字母在单词中的读音。Bb Cc Dd Jj Kk Pp Tt Vv Zz Bb/bi:/ /b/ / i:/ 去/ i:/ 余/ b / Cc /si:/ /s/ /i:/ 去/i:/余/s/Dd /di:/ /d/ / i:/ 去/ i:/ 余/d/ Jj / di: / /d/ /i:/去/i:/余/ d/Kk /ke/ /k/

7、/e/ 去/ e/余/k/ Pp /pi:/ /p/ /i:/去/i:/余/p/Tt /ti:/ / t/ /i:/ 去/ i:/ 余/t/ Vv /v i:/ /v/ /i:/ 去/i:/余/v/Zz /z i:/ /z/ / i:/ 去/ i:/ 余/z/ 辅音字母g, h, y, w,r在单词中的发音对比法学读音 英语辅音字母g,h,y,w,r在单词中的读音与汉语拼音,h,y, w,r的读音相似。注意对比区别。汉语拼音 , h, y, w, r英语读音 g, h, y, w, r Lets spellstudy st-di / discover /dIskv (r)/ secret /s

8、i:krt/ grammar /grm (r)/ countrykn-tri review /rivju:/ knowledge/nlid/ survey/s:(r)vei/ separate /sep reit/ seasons i:- z ntablet ei- b l carka: dictionarydik-n-ri troubletr -bl 一、48个国际音标表元音(20个)长元音/:/:/:/i:/u:/短元音/e/e/a/ 双元音/e/a/辅辅音(28个)轻辅音/p/t/k/f/s/浊辅音/b/d/g/v/z/轻辅音/h/ts/t/tr/浊辅音/r/dz/d/dr/鼻音/m/n

9、/ 半元音 /j/ w/边音/二、音素:即每一个独立的国际音标。E.g. study s-t-d-i (含5个音素) car k-a:(含2个音素) dictionary d-i-k-n-r-i(含9个音素)音标:即每一个单词的完整的注音记录。音节: 由元音和辅音构成的发音单位. 每个单词的音标都分有几段音节(至少一个),含有几个元音音素,就有几个音节(段)。三、音节的划分与重读技巧1、 一个元音一音节: 单词音节的划分是按元音的多少来确定的,有一个元音就有一个音节。2、 两个元音双音节,重音落在前音节。有两个元音就构成两个音节。大部分双音节词的重读落在第一个音节上。如:student, st

10、u-dent; doctor, doc-tor; 加上前缀a-, re-等,重音落在后音节。 如,ago, a-go3、 两个辅音紧挨着,中间分开各一个。如果在一个单词中出现了两个辅音紧挨着的情况,划分音节时,中间分开,前后各一个。如midnight, mid-night; 4、 三个元音多音节,重音多在倒数三。三个以上音节的单词,重音一般落在倒数第三个音节上。如,favourite, fa-vo-rite; vegetable,vege-ta-ble; interesting, in-teres-ting 5、 无元音的成音节,也能独立成音节。m, l , n 在词尾,前面虽然没有元音但也可

11、以构成一个音节叫做成音节,如:apple, ap-ple garden, gar-den记忆口诀:朗读单词按音节,要以元音为标准。一般规则要记住,一个元音一音节。两元拼成双元音,也要看做单音节。两个元音双音节,重音落在前音节。加上前缀a-,re-等,重音落在后音节。两个辅音紧挨着,中间分开各一个。三个元音多音节,重读躲在倒数三。无元音的成音节,也能独立成音节。四、练习昨日重现aloud/laud/ discover/dIskv(r)/secret/si:krt/ grammar /grm (r)/note /nut/ increase /Inkri:s/ability /bilti/ acti

12、ve /ktiv/pal /pl/ attention /tenn/review /rivju:/ knowledge /nlid/survey /s:(r)vei/ separate /sep reit/senior/si:ni(r)/ graduate /grdueit/row /ru/ advantage / dva:ntid/bottom /btm/ public /p blik/新的启航upset /pset/心烦意乱的 ignore /ign:/ 不理睬calm /k:m/ (使)平静 concern /kns:n/ (使)担忧loose /lu:s/ 松的 vet /vet/ 兽

13、医series /siri:z/ 连续 outdoors /autd:z/ 在户外spellbind /spelbaind/ 迷住 dusk /dsk/ 黄昏thunder /nd/ 打雷 curtain /k:tn/ 窗帘dusty /dsti/ 积满灰尘的 partner /p:tn/ 伙伴settle /setl/ 安家 suffer /sf/ 遭受 highway /haiwei/ 公路 recover /rikv/ 痊愈pack /pk/ 包装 disagree /disgri:/ 不同意grateful /greitful/ 感激的 gossip /gsip/ 闲话 教学反思: P

14、eriod 2 句子的种类和成分一导入简单句1. 翻译下列句子我是一名学生你应当努力学习昨晚我写了一封信我父亲上周给我买了一辆新的自行车我们叫她Alice2.根据学生翻译的句子分析5种简单句的结构You should study hard主 + 谓I m a student 主+ 系 + 表I wrote a letter last night 主 + 谓 + 宾My father bought me a new bike last week 主+谓 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语We call her Alice主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补二.句子成分由不同词类的单词,按照一定的语法规则组合在一

15、起,能表达一个完整意思的语言单位叫做句子。一个句子由各个功能不同的部分构成,这些部分叫做句子成分(members of the sentence)。英语的句子成分有八种:主语、谓语动词、表语、宾语、定语、状语、主语补足语和宾语补足语。现分述如下:1)主语(subject)句子的主体,全句述说的对象。一般由名词,主格代词,动词不定式,动名词或从句担任,常置于句首。 I like football. The boy needs a pen.2) 谓语(predicate)说明主语的动作或状态。由动词担任。常置于主语后。 The train leaves at 6 oclock.I want a t

16、icket. 3) 宾语(object)表示vt.的动作对象或prep.所联系的对象。由n.或相当于n.的词担任。置于vt.或prep.后。He won the game. On the desk Tome lost his life in the big fire4) 表语(predicative)用以表述主语的特征、状态、身份等。由n.或adj.担任。置于系动词之后。 He is a student.除了be 系动词外,还有一些动词也可以用作系动词,表感官的动词: feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem等表转变变化的动词:become,

17、get, grow, turn, go,等表延续的动词:remain, keep, hold, stay, rest等5) 宾补(objective complement)补充说明宾语的情况。由n. /adj. /介宾 /分词 /不定式等担任They made him king I consider the book too expensive.6) 定语(attributive)对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子,汉语中常用的表示,通常位于被修饰的成分前The black bike is mine.说明1:当定语修饰不定代词如:nothing , anything , everyt

18、hing , something 等时,定语要放在其后作后置定语我告诉他一些有趣的事情。 I tell him something interesting .说明2:不定式、短语或从句作定语时,也放在被修饰的名词之后。这间屋子里的男孩子们是10班的。 The boys in the room are in Class Ten. 7) 状语(adverbial)用以修饰adj. /v. /adv.及全句,位置灵活。通常在句子基本结构之后,强调时放在句首;修饰形容词或副词时,通常位于被修饰的词之前;表示时间、地点、目的的状语一般位于句子两头,强调时放在句首,一些表示不确定时间(如:often)或程

19、度(如:almost)的副词状语通常位于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后,动词之前I am very sorry. We often help him. When I grow up , I am going to be a teacher .三.练习 1)分析句子成分1 Classes begin at eight every day.2. He has read this book many times.3 Mrs Brown looks very healthy. 4 Grandma told me an interesting story last night.5 Children, k

20、eep quiet please. 2)连词成句1. taught Mr Johnson German us last year 2. leaves The yellow have turned 3. our school more beautiful We will make 4. five years ago Beijing lived in I 连词成句答案:1. Mr Johnson taught us German last year. 2. The leaves have turned yellow. 3. We will make our school more beautifu

21、l. 4. I lived in Beijing five years ago. 5. I received a letter from my pen friend in Australia.3)翻译句子(可做homework )1 会议将持续两小时。2 我会说三种外语3 这个报告听起来很有趣。4 请把那本字典递给我好吗?5 他的父母给他取名John教学反思:Period 3 词类能够自由运用的最小语言单位叫词。根据词的形式、意义及其在句中的作用所作的分类叫词类(parts of speech)。英语的词通常分为十大类,即名词、冠词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、动词、介词、连词和感叹词。一主语:

22、例如:During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.(名词)We often speak English in class.(_词)One-third of the students in this class are girls.(_词)To swim in the river is a great pleasure.(_)Smoking does harm to the health.(_)The rich should help the poor.(名词化的_词)When we are

23、going to have an English test has not been decided.(_从句)It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it作形式主语,真正的主语为_)【总结】主语可由名词、_、_、_、_、_和_等表示。【提示】但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。二谓语:谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语,一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下:1、简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。如:He practices running every mo

24、rning.2、复合谓语:(1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如:You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. (2)由系动词加表语构成。如:We are students.三表语:表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态,它一般位于系动词(如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等)之后。例如:Our teacher of English is an American.(名词)Is it yours?(_词)The weather has turned cold.(_词)

25、The speech is exciting.(_词)Three times seven is twenty one?(_词)His job is to teach English.(_)His hobby(爱好)is playing football.(_词)The machine must be out of order.(_短语)Time is up. The class is over.(_词)The truth is that he has never been abroad.(_从句)【总结】表语一般由名词、_、_、_、_、_、_、_、_及_表示。四宾语:宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者

26、,一般位于及物动词和介词后面。例如:They went to see an exhibition(展览)yesterday.(名词)The heavy rain prevented me form coming to school on time.(_词)How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.(_词)They helped the old with their housework yesterday.(_词)He pretended not to see me.(_短语)I enjoy listening to popular music

27、.(_短语)I think(that)he is fit for his office.(_从句)【提示】宾语种类:(1)双宾语(间接宾语+直接宾语),例如:Lend me your dictionary, please.(2)复合宾语(宾语+宾补),例如:They elected him their monitor.五宾语补足语:英语中有些及物动词,除有一个直接宾语以外,还要有一个宾语补语,才能使句子的意义完整。例如:His father named him Dongming.(名词)They painted their boat white.(形容词)Let the fresh air i

28、n.(副词)You mustnt force him to lend his money to you.(不定式短语)We saw her entering the room.(现在分词)We found everything in the lab in good order.(介词短语)We will soon make our city what your city is now.(从句)【总结】宾补可由名词、_、_、_、_、_短语和_充当。例如:【提示】带有宾语补足语的一般句型为:某些及物动词(如make等+宾语+宾补)。六 定语:修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。定语可由以下等成

29、分表示:Guilin is a beautiful city.(形容词)China is a developing country; America is a developed country.(_)There are thirty women teachers is our school.(_)His rapid progress in English made us surprised.(_)Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.(_)The teaching plan for next term has been

30、worked out.(_)He is reading an article about how to learn English.(_)The man who is speaking is our English teacher.(_)七状语:修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子,说明动作或状态特征的句子成分,叫做状语。可由以下形式表示:Light travels most quickly.(副词及副词性词组)He has lived in the city for ten years.(介词短语)He is proud to have passed the national college e

31、ntrance examination.(不定式短语)He is in the room making a model plane.(分词短语)Once you begin, you must continue.(状语从句)练习指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分:1 Classes begin at eight every day.2.He has read this book many times.3 Mrs Brown looks very healthy. 4 Grandma told me an interesting story last night.5 Children, keep

32、 quiet please.6 Mr Johnson taught us German last year. 7 The leaves have turned yellow. 8 We will make our school more beautiful.9 I lived in Beijing five years ago.10 I received a letter from my pen friend in Australia.小结:词类是孤立的单词的分类;而句子成分则指单词、词组、短语或从句在句中的作用。句子的各种成分总是由属于一定词类的单词(或词组、短语、从句)来担当的。因此在词类

33、和句子成分之间存在着某种对应关系。现将这种对应关系列表如下:主语宾语表语定语状语宾(主)语补足语名 词代 词形容词副 词数 词不定式分 词动名词介词短语教学反思:Period 4 句子的时态一.复习划分句子成分1 Classes begin at eight every day.2.He has read this book many times.3 Mrs Brown looks very healthy. 4 Grandma told me an interesting story last night.5 Children, keep quiet please.6 Mr Johnson

34、taught us German last year. 7 The leaves have turned yellow. 8 We will make our school more beautiful.9 I lived in Beijing five years ago.10 I received a letter from my pen friend in Australia.注意不同动词形式表达不同的时态二.时态是动词的一种形式,不同的时态用来表示在不同的时间以不同的方式发生的动作或存在的状态。英语中动词有16种时态,我们要重点掌握一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、一般将来时、一般过

35、去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时这八种时态写出各种时态的结构(以study为例)一般时进行时完成时现在study / studies过去studied将来shall / will studyis/am/are going to study(一 )一般现在时:概念: 表示习惯、经常性的动作结构: do、 does标志语:usually、often、never、 sometimes、once a week、 twice a month、every year练习1:用所给动词的正确形式填空:1. The twins _(wash) the clothes every day.2. Somet

36、imes he _ (play) basketball over there.3. How often _ Sally _(sing)?4. -Where _ you _ (come) from? - America. 练习2:写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式。如:sing: sings. 1. read _; bring_; cook _; use _2. miss_; watch _; finish _; fix _; go _; do _; 3. study _; fly _; say _; stay _; 4. have_.Homework练习1:用所给单词的适当形式填空1.I usua

37、lly _ (go) running for half an hour at the weekend.2. My grandparents _ (like) watching TV very much.3. This _(be) my cat. It _(love) me.4. _ (be) your sister a member of the Reading Club?5. She often _ (finish) her homework at 9:00 in the evening.6. We _ (not have) a Music lesson on Thursday.7. His

38、 uncle _ (not get) up early on Saturday.巩固练习2:.句型转换1.He often flies a kite in the park.(改为否定句)He _ often _ a kite in the park.2.She always misses the early bus in the morning.(改为一般疑问句) _ she always _ the early bus in the morning?3. Her mother usually watches TV in the evening.(提问)_ _ her mother usua

39、lly _ in the evening?4. Boys like playing computer games.(改为否定句)Boys _ _ playing computer games.巩固练习3:.根据中文提示,把下列句子翻译成英语1. 我们时常相互通信。2. 他努力工作3. 光比声音传播快。4. 如果你尝试,你会成功的。(二)一般过去时与现在完成时1)一般过去时用法:过去时间发生的或过去经常性的动作动词构成:动词过去式(-ed)v如:do - did; work -worked; study - studied; stop - stopped; get - got. 否定构成:didnt+动原一般疑问构成及简答举例:Did

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