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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上 英语小升初 暑期衔接材料一、 字母与音标：1.字母的分类： 元音字母（5个）：a e i o u 字 母 （ 26）个 辅音字母（21个） 2. 音标：初中英语国际标准音标练习元音 (20个)单元音12个前 元 音(4个)i:ie后 元 音(5个):u:u中 元 音(3个):双元音8个合口双元音(5个)eiuaiaui集中双元音(3个)iu辅音 (28个)清 辅 音(11个)ptkfsttrtsh浊 辅 音(17个)bdgvzd drdzlmnjwr认识几个定义：1、音素 英语语音中最小的发音单位。2、元音 发音时气流在通路上不受发音器官的阻碍。3、辅音 发音时气流
2、在通路上受到发音器官的阻碍。4、音节 说话时最小的语音片段。 一个可以为单个元音（如I/a/），或者一个元音加上一个或多个辅音（如tree /tri:/）。单词可以根据音节数量分为：单音节词，双音节词和多音节词。5、开音节 以读音为元音的字母结尾的音节，即辅音+元音（如me, he等）；或以不发音字母e结尾（如name, come等）。6、闭音节 以一个或几个辅音字母结尾且中间只有一个元音，即元音+辅音（如it, pen, pick等）。7、重读 在双音节或多音节单词中，有个音节必须读得特别强而重，而其它音节读得相对弱而轻，这种现象就叫单词重读。用符号“”表示。8、清音和浊音（辅音） 发音时声
3、带不振动叫清辅音；声带振动叫浊辅音。元音1. 长短：/i:/ / /:/ / /:/ / /U:/ / 2. 大小：/e/ / /:/ /3. I组：/e/ /a/ /4. U组：/ /a/5. 组：/ /e/ / /i:/ bee/bi:/ feet/fi:t/ keep/ki:p/ key/ki:/ team/ti:m/ meet/mi:t/ /i/ it /it/ big/big/ city/siti/ give/giv/ sick/sik/e/ get/get/ best/best/ text/tekst/ help/help/ fat/ft/ have/hv/ cat/kt/ bac
4、k/bk/ hat/ht/a:/ laugh/la:f/ glass/gla:s/ half/ha:f/ farm/fa:m/ park/pa:k/ :/ horse/h: s/ saw/s:/ corn/k:n/ course/k:s/ salt/s:t/ / dog/dg/ pot/pt/ cost/kst/ what/wt/ honest/nist/u:/ food/fu:d/ moon/mu:n/ rule/ru:l/ loose/lu:s/ noon/nu:n/u/ book/buk/ put/put/ good/gud/ would/wud/ could/kud/ / must/m
5、st/ does/dz/ money/mni/ ugly/gli/ come/km/ /:/ nurse/n:s/ bird/b:d/ burn/b:n/ turn/t:n/ girl/g:l/ / better/bet/ never/nev/ worker/w:k/ welcome/welkm/ei/ may/mei/ name/neim/ game/geim/ eight/eit/ age/eid/u/ no/nu/ home/hum/ hope/hup/ wrote/rut/ note/nut/ pose/puz/ai/ eye/ai/ time/taim/ buy/bai/ right
6、/rait/ bike/baik/ kite/kait/au/ now/nau/ out/aut/ how/hau/ about/ baut/ south/sau/ house/haus/i/ boy/bi/ toy/ti/ noise/niz/ voice/vis/ point/pint/ coin/kin/i/ ear/i/ near/ni/ idea/aidi/ hear/hi/ mere/mi/ spear/spi/ / air/ tear/t/ care/k/ dare/d/ fair/f/ there/ /u/ tour/tu/ poor/pu/ sure/u/ moor/mu/(
7、停泊) your/ju/ /p/ pea/pi:/ pie/pai/ top/tp/ cap/kp/ people/pi:pl/ pride/praid/b/ bee/bi:/ by/bai/ buy/bai/ black/blk/ bear/b/t/ let/let/ sat/st/ feet/fi:t/ team/ti:m/ tide/taid/d/ led/led/ sad/sd/ feed/fi:d/ do/du:/ dear/di/k/ lack/lk/ take/teik/ clock/klk/ class/kla:s/ weekend/wi:kend/g/ big/big/ la
8、g/lg/ glass/gla:s/ gum/gm/ good/gud/ guest/gest/f/ face/feis/ fast/fa:st/ leaf/li:f/ surf/s:f/ favorite/feivrit/v/ very/veri/ five/faiv/ fever/fi:v/ serve/s:v/ never/nev/ bath/ba:/(v洗澡) thick/ik/ mouth/mau/ breath/bre/(n呼吸) thought/:t/ author/ truth/tru:/ / the/ / they/ei/ that/t/ mother/m/ thus/ s/
9、 then/en/s/ face/feis/ mouse/maus/ cakes/keiks/ caps/kps/ likes/laiks/ stops/stps/z/ close/kluz/ keys/ki:z/ boys/biz/ pens/penz/ halves/ha:vz/ /t/ catch/kt/ cheep/ti:p/ rich/rit/ watch/wt/ child/taild/ question/kwestn/ teach/ti:t/ challenge/tlind/ /d/ orange/rid/ large/la:d/ juice/du:s/ job/db/ /tr/
10、 tree/tri:/ try/trai/ true/tru:/ trouble/traubl/ track/trk/dr/ dry/drai/ dream/dri:m/ dress/dres/ drink/drik/ hundred/hndrid/ she/i:/ sharp/a:p/ fish/fi/ shock/k/ shoe/u:/ pleasure/ple/ measure/me/ television/telivin/ts/ lets/lets/ sports/sp:ts/ puts/puts/ writes/raits/ seats/si:ts/ /dz/ hands/hndz/
11、 birds/b:dz/ friends/freindz/ beds/bedz/ stands/stndz/h/ he/ hi:/ hard/ha:d/ him/him/ heard/h:d/ half/ha:f/l/ like/laik/ late/leit/ learn/l:n/ lead/li:d/ light/lait/m/ my/mai/ more/m:/ seem/si:m/ meat/mi:t/ mind/maind/ men/men/n/ nice/nais/ wind/waind/ mind/maind/ rain/rein/ fine/fain/ sing/si/ wing
12、/wi/ ring/ri/ long/l/ beautiful/bju:tfl/j/ you/ju:/ few/fju:/ yard/ja:d/ music/mju:zik/ student/stju:dnt/ excuse/ikskju:z/ /w/ work/w:k/ way/wei/ well/wel/ what/wt/ twelve/twelv/ twin/twin/ /r/ red/red/ road/rud/ write/rait/ wrong/r/ problem/prblm/ 音标综合练习1./i:/ /i/ /e/ /bit/ /wi:k/ /di:l/ /ril/ /kid
13、/ /dig/ /kwik/ /tip/ /zip/ /rid/ /wil/ /fil/bit week deal real kid dig quick tip zip rid will fill/pet/ /pk/ /gp/ /kg/ /ng/ /rm/ /btl/ /sed/ /hpi/ /ten/ /red/ pet pack gap cap nag ram battle said happy ten red /setl/ /tr/ /dipend/settle trash depend2./a:/ / :/ / / /u:/ /u/a:sk/ /ma:sk/ /pa:st/ /fra:
14、ns/ /d/ /l:n/ /n:t/ /p:z/ /fks/ /sk/ ask mask past France odd lawn naught pause fox sock /fa:/ /la:d / /ma:k/ /l:d/ /t:/ /st:m/ /pt/ /krp/ /t/ /prmis/ far large mark Lord torch storm pot crop thought promise /huk/ /lu:s/ /sut/ /tuk/ /mud/ /ru:/ /pul/ /wud/hook loose soot took mood through pull wood3
15、./ / /bz/ /dl/ /hri/ /glf/ /trbl/ /:n/ /s:f/ /t:n/ /beg/ /tk/ buss dull hurry gulf trouble earn surf turner begger tuck/k:b/ /:k/ /merik / /sk/ /kmp/ /svei/ /pveid/ /phps/ curb irk America soccer camper survey pervade perhaps /b:lesk/ /m:d/ burlesque murder3./ei/ /u/ /ai/ /au/ /i/keip/ /greit/ /mein
16、/ /prpuz/ /mun/ /stun/ /uv/ /sait/kape great main propose motion stone over sight/raim/ /daut/ /taipist/ /aust/ /mist/ /ist/ rhyme doubt typist oust moist oyster4./i/ / /u/vi/ /f/ /d/ /sk/ /bun/ /gud/ /rurl/ /pi/ /klmbi/veer affair dare scare bourn gourd rural appear Colombia/mtiril/ /mistiris/mater
17、ial mysterious5./ /mn/ /i:f/ /t/ /n/ /fei/ /tge/ /k/ /mselvz/ month thief that than faith together thank themselves注：6个爆破音有3对/p/，/b/，/t/，/d/，/k/，/g/失去爆破，又叫不完全爆破，就是在某些情况下，只须做出发音的准备，但并不发音，稍稍停顿后就发后面的音。(1)“爆破音+爆破音”型6个爆破音中的任意2个相临时，前一个爆破音会失去爆破，即由相关的发音器官做好这个发音的姿势，稍做停顿后即发后面的爆破音。 The girl in the re(d) coat w
18、as on a bla(ck) bike jus(t) now.The bi(g) bus from the fa(c) tory is full of people.Wha(t) time does he get up every morning?This is an ol(d) pi(c)ture of a bi(g) car. The ol(d) do(c)tor has a ca(t), too. Were going to work on a farm nex(t) Tuesday.What would you like, ho(t) tea or bla(ck) coffee? I
19、ts a very col(d) day, but its a goo(d) day. You can put i(t) down in the bi(g) garden.I bought a chea(p) book, but its a goo(d) book. (2)“爆破音+摩擦音”型如果前面是爆破音，其后紧跟着某些摩擦音（如/f/，/s/，/W/，/T/等），那么前面那个爆破音仅有十分轻微的爆破，而后面那个摩擦音则要完全爆破。 Goo(d) morning, Mr. Bell.Goo(d) morning, dear.Uncle Lis fa(c)tory is qui(te) ne
20、ar to the cinema. I wen(t) there alone a(t) nine las(t) night. -Do you know his bi(ke) number? -Sorry, I don(t) know.The forty-firs(t) lesson is qui(te) difficult.Goo(d) luck, Lin Tao二名词1.可数名词：表示可以具体个别存在的人或物。可数名词有单复数形式，其单数形式与不定冠词a(n)连用。1) 一般名词的复数形式以加-s或-es的方式构成:情况加法例词一般情况加-sbrothers, sisters, school
21、s ， books 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的词加-esbuses, foxes, watches, dishes以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词变y为i再加-esladyladies ， countrycountries(boys toys ways)以o结尾的名词多数加-spianos, photos, zoos少数以o结尾的名词加-esheroes, negroes ， tomatoes, potatoes以f或fe结尾的名词多数变f或fe为v,再加-esleaf leaves ， wife wives knife knives， wolf wolves2）不规则的复数形式（常见）：ma
22、n tooth foot womanChild goose mouse sheep 3）单复数词形相同的词：sheep, fish, deer, Chinese, Japanese etc.4） 表示某国人的名词：中国人、日本人，复数不需加-s（Chinese, Japanese） 速记口诀：男人、女人变一个；鹅、脚、牙齿变两个；小孩后面加三个；中、日、绵羊、小鹿永不变。 2.不可数名词：表示不能个别存在的事物，如液体类，气体类的物质；少数固体类的物质 （grass草，ice冰），抽象的名词（help帮助，music音乐）。不可数名词没有复数（如some water）,不能与不定冠词连用。写出
23、下列各词的复数 photo_ diary _ day_ dress_ thief_ peach_juice_ _ water _ rice_ tea _ man_ woman_banana _ bus_ child _ foot _ sheep _ leaf(树叶) _ dish _ knife _ pen_ boy_baby_ map _city_ box _ book _ class_ eye_ office _ car_ fox(狐狸) _ watch _ skirt_ shelf _cinema _tomato_ tooth _ wife_postman _family _ mouse
24、 _ Chinese_ sandwich _ glass _policeman_ strawberry _ 三 一般现在时1.一般现在时的功能： 1）.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2）.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。3）.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。2.一般现在时的构成： 1. be动词：主语+be(am, is, are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。注意：（我用am，你用are，三单is，复
25、数are。） 2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。注意：（当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加-s或-es。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。）3.一般现在时的变化： 1）be动词的变化： 肯定句：主语+be+其它。 如：He is a worker. 他是工人。否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。 He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。(be动词移到句首)如：I am a student.-Are you a student? -Yes. I
26、 am. / No, Im not.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：My bike is under the tree. Is your bike under the tree?Where is your bike?2）行为动词的变化。肯定句：主语+动词原形(+其它)。否定句：主语+ dont( doesnt ) +动词原形(+其它)。如：I like bread. I dont like bread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesnt构成否定句。如：He ofter plays football.He doesnt often play football.一般疑问句：Do( Doe
27、s ) +主语+动词原形+其它。（句首加助动词do, does）如：I often play football.- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I dont.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：She goes to school by bike.- Does she go to school by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：She goes to school by bike. Does she go to school
28、by bike? How does she go to school?3. 动词+s的变化规则1）一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks2）以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3）以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies一般现在时用法专练:一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数 drink _ go _ stay _ make _look _ have_ pass_ carry _come_ watch_ plan
29、t_ fly _study_ brush_do_ teach_二、用am, is, are 填空1. I _ a boy. _ you a boy? No, I _ not. 2. The girl_ Jacks sister. 3. _ your brother in the classroom? 4. Where _ your mother? She _ at home. 5. Mike and Liu Tao _ at school. 6. Whose dress _ this? 7.The jeans _ on the desk. 8. Here _ some sweaters for
30、 you. 9. Some tea _ in the glass.10. _ David and Helen from England? 11. There _ a girl in the room. 12. There _ some apples on the tree. 13. There _ a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park. 三、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.3. Mike _(no
31、t go) to the zoo on Sunday.4. _ they _(like) the World Cup?5. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?6. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.7. Mike _(like) cooking.8. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully.9. You always _(do) your homework well.10. The child often _(watch) TV in t
32、he evening.四、按照要求改写句子1. David watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)_2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_3. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)_4. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)_四、现在进行时1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。（句中一般含有now, look, listen.）2现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词in
33、g.如：Tom is reading books in his study .3现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。如：Tom is reading books in his study .Tom is not reading books in his study .4现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。 如：Tom is reading books in his study .Is Tom reading books in his study ？5现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词+一般疑问句? （注意：当划线部分包含谓语动词时，用疑问词代替划线部分放到句首，原划线处应加上doi
34、ng） 如：Tom is reading books in his study . Tom is reading books in his study .Is Tom reading books in his study ? Is Tom reading books in his study ?What is Tom doing in his study? Where is Tom reading books?动词加ing的变化规则1一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting3如果末尾是辅音字
35、母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：play_ run_ swim _make_go_ like_ write_ _ski_ read_ have_ sing _ dance_put_ see_ buy _ love_ live_ take_ come _ get_stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _ ( si
36、ng)in the classroom .3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson .6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom .8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _(listen ) to music.9. Its 5 oclock now. We _(have)supper now10._Helen_