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1、七年级上英语知识预备篇 Unit1-3 一、英文字母英语中一共有26 个英文字母，其中有5 个元音字母： Aa, Ee, Ii, Oo, Uu, 其余的都是辅音字母。二、字母分类：1、 含共同音素 /ei/的字母有： A， H，J，K 2、 含共同音素 /i:/ 的字母有： B, C, D, E, G, P, T, V, (Z) 3、 含共同音素 /e/的字母有： F， L，M， N， S，X，Z 4、 含共同音素 /ju:/的字母有： Q，U，W 5、 含共同音素 /ai/的字母有： I，Y 6、 含共同音素 /?u/的字母有： O 7、 含共同音素 / :/的字母有： R 三、字母写法：大
2、写字母 A，E，F，H，I 都是三笔完成。四、以元音开头的字母有：Aa, Ee, Ff, Hh, Ii, Ll, Mm, Nn, Oo, Rr, Ss, Xx. （注意： U 是以辅音开头的字母）五、句子的写法：每句句首的第一个字母必须大写，句子中单词的间隔距离最佳为小写字母a 的宽度，句与句之间间隔两个字母的距离。如： Whats your name? My name is Jenny. 六、英语字母需要大写的几种情况：1、 在一句话中，第一个单词首字母要大写，但是，逗号后面的单词开头字母不大写。如： Whats your first name, please? 七、重点句型1、 当 别 人
3、 说 ： Good morning/afternoon/evening 时 ， 你 也 应 该 回 答 ： Good morning/afternoon/evening 2、 How are you? 是问你怎么样，还好吗？（是熟人，朋友间的问候），回答通常用Im fine/ I m OK ；如果是第一次见面，我们通常用How do you do? 回答也只能用How do you do? 3、 Whats this in English? 是问：在英语中，这是什么事物？回答用：Its a +以辅音开头的名词短语；或用Its an +以元音开头的名词短语。4、 What color is th
4、is + 事物？是问：这个事物是什么颜色？回答用：Its + 颜色正式篇Unit 1 My names Gina. . 一、知识点：1、 am, is, are 统称为 be 动词。不同人物要用不同的be动词。第一人称单数I 用 am，第二精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - - 人称单数 you 用 are，第三人称单数he, she, it，具体某人如Tom 以及指示代词this, that 等用 is，所有复数人称用are。可按下面口
5、诀记忆：我（ I）用 am，你（ you）用 are，单数 is，复数 are；is 用于他、她、它。2、 同义句：(1) My name is Jenny.= Im Jenny. (2) Your name is Jim.= You are Jim. (3) His name is Alan.= He is Alan. (4) Her name is Marry.= She is Marry. 3、 what 疑问词，问“什么东西，什么事，干什么，吃什么，电话号码是多少”等等。e.g. (1) My name is Li Lei. What is your name? (2) This is
6、 a black pen. What is this? (3) Her telephone number is 70706655. What is her telephone number? 注意：对划线部分提问的常用结构为：“疑问词 +原句的一般疑问句形式？”4、 what color 疑问词，问“什么颜色”。e.g. This pen is red. What color is this pen? 5、Nice to meet you! 回答Nice to meet you, too! （常用于初次见面时）Nice to see you! 回答Nice to see you, too! （
7、常用于多次见面时）6、注意英文名与中文名的区别：英文名是：名在前，姓在后；中文名是：姓在前，名在后。 e.g. Jim Green Huang Shaohua family name = last name 姓first name = given name 名Unit 2 Is this your pencil? 一、重点句型：A: Excuse me, what s this in English? B: It s an eraser. A: How do you spell it? B: E-R-A-S-E-R. A: Is this your eraser? B: No, it isn
8、t. It s her eraser. 二、知识点：1、Is this your eraser? 这是一个一般疑问句，一般疑问句就是用yes 和 no 来回答的句子。将含有be(is, am, are)动词的肯定句变成一般疑问句时，直接把be(is, am, are)动词提到句首，并大写第一个字母。不过要注意，I am . 通常要变成Are you .? e.g.(1) That is his pencil. Is that his pencil? （作肯定回答）Yes, it is. （作否定回答）No, it isn t. (2) These are her parents. Are th
9、ese her parents? （作肯定回答）Yes,they are. （作否定回答）No, they arent. (3) I am a good boy. Are you a good boy? （作肯定回答）Yes, I am. （作否定回答）No, Im not. 2、 Whats this in English? 这是一个特殊疑问句，回答用Its a / an 特殊疑问句就是以疑问词开头的句子。通常把肯定句变成一般疑问句的结构为：“疑问词 +肯定句的一般疑问句形式？”即是经常考的“对划线部分提问题”。e.g. His English book is green. What col
10、or is his English book? 3、How do you spell it /”book”? 你怎样拼写它/ “书”这个单词？回答时直接拼写这个单词。 how 疑问词，问“怎样，身体状况怎样，干得、吃得、过得怎样等等”。e.g.(1) His mother is fine / well. How is his mother? (2) Runners eat well. How does runners? 5、 Excuse me 请原谅，打扰了（这是一句客套话，用于与陌生人答话、打断别人说话等场合。）6、 本单元所学的短语：精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - -
11、 - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - - (1) call Alan at 4953539 用 4953539 给安娜打电话call + 某人 + at + 电话号码：用电话号码给某人打电话call = telephone = phone ( 动词 )打电话(2) in the lost and found case 在失物招领箱里(3) a school ID card 一张学生证(4) call / telephone / phone + 某人：给某人打电话(5) a set of key
12、s 一串钥匙two sets of keys 两串钥匙Unit 3 This is my sister 一、重点句型：1、 A: This is Mary. B: Is she your sister? A: No, she isn t. She is my friend. B: Are these your parents? A: Yes, they are. 2、 This is my friend. 复数句These are my friends. 3、 That is my brother. 复数句Those are my brothers. 4、句型回答：(1) Is this yo
13、ur sister / Mary? Yes, it / she is. No, it / she isnt. (2) Is that your brother / Jim? Yes, it / he is. No, it / he isn t. (3) Is he / Jim your brother? Yes, he is. No, he isnt. (4) Is she / Alan your friend? Yes, she is. No, she isnt. (5) Are they / these your parents? Yes, they are. No, they arent
14、. (6) Are they / those your friends? Yes, they are. No, they arent. 二、知识点：1、 介绍他人常用的句型：(1) This is -. （介绍一个人）These are -.（介绍几个人）(2) That is -. （介绍一个人）Those are -.（介绍几个人）2、parent = father or mother parents = father and mother grandparent = grandfather or grandmother grandparents = grandfather and gra
15、ndmother father = dad = daddy mother = mom = mommy uncle = fathers or mothers brother aunt = fathers or mothers sister cousin = uncles or aunts daughter / son 3、本单元所学的短语：(1)thanks for + 某事= thank you for + 某事：因为某事而感谢你(2)a photo of your / my family = your / my family photo 你的/ 我的一张全家福(3)two photos of
16、 your family 你的两张全家福(4)my two brothers 我的两个兄弟4、 写信的格式：A、 称呼（顶格写）B、 正文C、结尾D、签名5、 附：代词表精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - - 数人称人称代词主格人称代词宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词反身代词单数1 I me my mine myself 2 you you your yours youself 3 he him his his himself she
17、her her hers herself it it its its itself 复数1 we us our ours ourselves 2 you you your yours yourselves 3 they them their theirs themselves 使用注意：（1）人称代词的主格放在动词之前，在句中作主语；（2）人称代词的宾格放在动词和介词之后，作宾语；（3）形容词性物主代词不能单独使用，它后面必须跟名词，在形容词性物主代词与名词之间还可以用形容词。E.g. my English book 我的英语书（4）在物主代词之前或之后都不能加冠词a, an, the 或指示
18、代词this, that, these, those等。e.g. 我们只能说my book, my pens; 而不能说 my a / the book; my these pens; these my pens. 6、 所给代词或根据汉语意思的适当形式填空。(1) Is _ bike red or black?(he) (2) _ play sports every day. (my) (3) _ uncle has a nice car. ( I ) (4) Are _ Miss Gao? (your) (5) _clean_room every day.(our) (6) Is this
19、 _ book?(he) (7) _ is my uncle.(his) (8) _ is my aunt.(her) (9) These are _ notebooks.(you) (10) Let _ play basketballs.(we) (11) He only watches _ on TV .(they) (12) Let _ help you.( 我) (13) -Are _ your friends? -Yes, _ are.(他们的 ) (14)-Is _ father a teacher? -No, _ isn t.(他的 ) (15)-Where s my pen?
20、-_ is in your pencil case.( 它的 ) (16) These are my pencils. _ pencils are in the backpack.( 她) Unit 4 wheres my backpack? 一、重点句型：1、-Wheres the backpack? -It s under the table. 2、-Where are your books? -They re in my backpack. 3、-Are the keys on the dresser? -Yes, they are. / No, they re not. 4、A: Wh
21、ere s my backpack? B; I don t know. Is it under the table? A: No, it isn t. It s on the dresser. 二、知识点：1、where 疑问词，问地点、位置，表“在哪里”。e.g. These pens are in the pencil case. -Where are these pens? 2、介词：in（在 -里面）on（在 - 上面）under（在 -里面）behind（在 -后面）next to（挨着 -）between（在 -之间）精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - -
22、- - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - - of（-的）for（为了，由于，因为，对于）at （在 -）from（从，从 - 起）to（朝，对，向）3、I dont know.= I have no idea. 我不知道。4、bring 与 take: bring 带来，拿来表“把某人或某物从别处带到说话人这儿来”；take 带走，拿走表“把某人或某物从说话人这儿带到别处去”。e.g. Please bring your photos to school. Please take these things
23、 to your sister. bring + 某人/ 某物 + to + 地点/ 人 ：把某人/ 某物带到某地/ 某人这里来。take+ 某人/ 某物 + to + 地点/ 人 ：把某人/ 某物带到某地/ 某人那里去。5、can 情态动词，后面必须接动词原形，其句型变换同be 动词。6、some 和 any (1)相同点：都是“一些”之意，都即可修饰可数名词复数，也可修饰不可数名词。(2)不同点： some 常用于肯定句中，但也可用于表“请求、建议”的疑问句中；而any 常用于否定句或疑问句中。因此，在句型转换中，将含有some的肯定句变成否定句或疑问句时，要把some 改成 any. e
24、.g. (1) There are some books on the desk. There arent any books on the desk.（否定句）Are there any books on the desk?（一般疑问句）(2) Can you bring some things to school? Unit5 一、重点句型：A: Let s play soccer. B: That sounds good. A: Do you have a soccer ball? B: No, I don t. But I have two tennis rackets. A: Wel
25、l, let s play tennis. B: That sounds interesting. 二、知识点：1、助动词 do 和 does的用法：(1)do 与第一、二人称单、复数和第三人称复数主语连用，用于否定句（do not = dont）或疑问句中 (do)，以 Do 开头的一般疑问句，作肯定或否定回答时要用do. e.g. Do you play soccer? -Yes, I do. / No, I don t. (2)does 与第三人称单数主语连用，用于否定句(does not = doesnt)或疑问句 (does)中,以Does 开头的一般疑问句，作肯定或否定回答时要用d
26、oes. e.g. Does your brother have a basketball? - Yes, he does. / No he does. 2、一般现在时 :表示经常、反复发生的事情和存在的状态。句型构成：肯定句： 主语（不是第三人称单数）+ 动词原形+ 其它。主语（为第三人称单数）+动词第三人称单数形式(动词+ s /es) + 其它。否定句： 主语（不是第三人称单数）+ dont + 动词原形+ 其它。主语（为第三人称单数）+ doesnt + 动词原形+ 其它。一般疑问句：Do + 主语（不是第三人称单数）+ 动词原形+ 其它 ? Does + 主语（为第三人称单数）+ 动
27、词原形+ 其它 ? 回答： Yes，主语 +do /does. No，主语 + dont /doesnt. 注意： 在以上的几种句型中，只有肯定句 中的主语为第三人称单数时，动词才加s 或 es,其余的句型（如否定句，疑问句）中的动词都用原形 。eg: I have a book. She has a book 否：I dont have a book. 否： She doesnt have a book. 疑问： Do you have a book? 疑问： Does she have a book? Yes,I do. No, I don t. Yes,she does. No, she
28、 doesnt. 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - - 3、如何变否定句和一般疑问句。一、当句中有be( is; am; are) 和情态动词 ( can; may; must; could) 时，我们变否定句时，则直接在这些词的后面加否定词not； 变一般问句时 ，直接将这些词提到句首，并大写第一个字母（注意记住习惯变法：I am -. Are you-? 即：第一人称变成第二人称）。e.g. Jim is playing footb
29、all now. Jim isnt (is not) playing football now. （否定句）Is Jim playing football now? （一般问句）二、当肯定句的谓语动词结构中既没有be 动词，也没有情态动词时，我们就只观察肯定句中的实义动词：（1）当肯定句中的实义动词用了原形，变否定句时，直接在主语后面加dont (或 do not)；变一般问句时 ，直接在主语的前面加Do (即在句首加Do)。e.g. They often play football after class. They dont often play football after class.
30、 （否定句）Do they often play football after class? （一般问句）（2）当肯定句中的实义动词用了第三人称单数（即动词后常加s/es 且 has 除外），变否定句时 ，直接在主语后加doesnt （或 does not） ，同时把动词还成原形；变一般问句时，直接在主语前面加Does, 同时把动词还成原形。e.g. She always goes to school by bike. She doesnt always go to school bike. （变否定句）Does she always go to school bike?（变一般问句）4、直接
31、以动词开头的句子祈使句。“Lets +动词原形”就是祈使句。e.g. Lets play basketball. “Lets +动词原形”是提建议，对此句型的回答常用：（肯定） That sounds good. / interesting. / boring. / fun. （否定） No, I don t. 5、many 只能修饰可数名词复数，表“许多的”=lots of =a lot of much 只能修饰不可数名词，表“许多的”many books = lots of books = a lot of books much food = lots of food = a lot of
32、 food 6、but 和 and but 意思为“但是”，表转折关系；and 意思为“和”，表并列关系，常用于肯定句中。e.g. I like English, but I don t like Chinese. He likes soccer, and I like soccer, too. 7、短语：(1) 以 play 引导的短语：play basketball 打篮球play soccer 踢足球play volleyball 打排球play tennis 打网球play ping-pong 打乒乓球play baseball 打棒球注意：球类、棋类名词前一般不用冠词，因此， pla
33、y 引导的以上短语中不能有冠词。play computer games 打电子游戏play sports 做运动，进行体育活动(2) a sports club 一个运动俱乐部a school sports club 一个学校运动俱乐部(3) a sports collection 一批运动收藏品(4) a tennis racket 一把网球拍(5) a ping-pong bat 一副乒乓球拍(6) a soccer ball 一个足球(7) every day 每天(8) watch TV 看电视(9) watch them on TV 在电视上看它们精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 -
34、- - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - - unit 6 一、重点句型：A: What do you like for dinner? B: I like broccoli. A: Do you like tomatoes? B: No, I don t. I dont like tomatoes or carrots. A: Does your father like carrots? B: Yes, he does. 二、知识点：1、可数名词单数变复数的规则：(1) 一般的
35、名词后加s; book - books (2)以 s, x, ch, sh 结尾的名词后加es; class classes box boxes watch- watches (3)以 o 结尾的名词，有生命的加es; tomato - tomatoes 无生命的加s; photo- photos (4)以“辅音字母 +y”结尾的名词，变y 为 i，再加 es. Family families 2、不可数名词没有复数形式，也不能在其前面加a / an 或数量词，能修饰不可数名词的词或短语有： some, any, lots of, a lot of, much 等。本单元所学的不可数名词有：b
36、roccoli （花椰菜）ice（冰）ice cream （冰淇淋）salad （沙拉）chicken（鸡肉）orange（桔汁）rice（米饭）meat（肉）soup（汤）bread（面包）3、have 和 eat have 既可以指“吃”，也可指“喝”；eat 通常作“吃”讲，指吃具体的食物，但有时也有“喝”的意思，主要指汉语中所说的“喝汤”（eat soup） 。4、短语：(1)have breakfast 吃早饭(2)have lunch 吃午饭(3)have dinner / supper 吃晚饭（注意：三餐名词前常不用冠词）(4)a running star 一位赛跑明星(5)he
37、althy food 健康食品(6)have / eat healthy food 吃健康食品(7)have +食物 + for breakfast / lunch / dinner早饭 / 午饭/ 晚饭吃 -食物(8) a list of food 一则食物清单unit7 一、重点句型：A: Can I help you? B: Yes, please. I want a sweater A: What color do you want? B: Blue. A: Here you are. B: How much is it? A: 20 dollars. B: Ill take it.
38、Thank you. A: Youre welcome. 二、知识点：1、how much 单独使用时，是“多少钱”的意思，问“价格”，相当于“Whats the price of + 事物？”，注意：price 是“价格”的意思，要说“以-价格”时，要介词at, 如： at the priece of sth. 在谈论价格高低时，我们只能用high / low. e.g. How much is this T-shirt? = What s the price of this T-shirt? How much are these socks? = Whats the price of th
39、ese socks? “ how much 不可数名词”对不可数名词的数量提问。“ how many+可数名词复数”对可数名词的数量提问。e.g. I have some meat every day. How much meat do you have every day? I have two apples every day. How many apples do you have every day? 用 many, much 填空。How _ people are there in your family? 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - -
40、欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - - How _ is this jacket? There is not _ water there. How _ water do you want? He has _ new story books. There are _ cars and buses in the street. In the past fifty years or so, scientists have found _ “new” stars. There is not_ rain in sping
41、in Beijing. There are so _ books to read and so _ work to do. 2、 购物用语：(1) Can I help you ? = What can I do for you ? （这是一句服务用语，常用在服务员口中。）其回答通常为：肯定回答： Yes, please. I want / I want 否定回答： No, thanks. (2) Here you are. 给你。（指当别人向你要东西或借东西，你把东西递给别人时常用此语。）(3) Ill take it / them. = I will buy / get it / them
42、.我将要买它/ 它们。(4) Thank you . /Thanks. (5)You are welcome. = That s OK. = That s all right. = Not at all. 不用谢。3、 each的用法：each 可以单独使用，但常用于句末；each 也可作形容词，但只能修饰可数名词单数，each 还可以和 of 连用，后面要接可数名词的复数，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。e.g. Each book has a good price. Each of these boys has a nice hat. 4、 look, see, watch 的区别：look
43、看指“看”的动作；通常接宾语时需要加介词at. see 看见，看到通常指“看”的结果，“看电影”中的“看”可以用see 来表示，一般不用进行时态。watch 观看，注视常指较长时间集中注意力地观看，或注视正在运动中的人或物。如“看电视”“看比赛”等。e.g. (1) _ at the blackboard. (2) He _ TV every day. (3) I can _ some pictures on the wall. 5、 Come and buy your clothes - 和“Lets + 动词原形”的句子叫祈使句。祈使句的否定句是直接在动词之前加“Dont”. 6、 Sor
44、ry 常用于回答“向别人道歉”或“有礼貌地拒绝别人”等。7、 只有复数的名词：people(人们 ), pants(长裤 ), shorts(短裤 ), clothes(服装 ) 8、 本单元的反义词：black white big small short long short(矮的 ) tall( 高的 ) come go buy sell 9、 名词所有格(1) 一般的有生命的名词后加 s ; (2) 以 s 结尾的有生命的名词后加. (3) 特殊所有格若一样东西为两人共有，则最后一个人名用所有格；如果不是两人共有，而是各有各的，则两个名词都用所有格，且其后名词应为复数。e.g. Jim
45、and Toms bedroom Jims and Toms desks 10、本单元的重点短语：(1) a big red hat 一顶大的红帽子- two big red hats (2) a long yellow T-shirt 一件长的黄T 血- three long yellow T-shirts (3) a pair of red pants 一条红长裤- five pairs of red pants (4) a pair of blue shorts 一条蓝短裤- ten pairs of blue shorts (5) a pair of green socks 一双绿袜子
46、 - two pairs of green socks (6) a clothes store 一个服装店(7) at Huaxing Clothes store 在华兴服装店(8) at a very good price 以非常合理的价格(9) a bag for sports 一个运动包精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - - (10) a T-shirt in red = a red Tshirt 一件红 T 血(11) buy +
47、 物品+ for + 钱用-多少钱买某物(12) buy + 物品+ from + 地点从某处买某物(13) buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb. 给某人买某物e.g. I buy this pen for three yuan. I buy this pen from Huaxing Store. My mother buys me a pen. = My mother buys a pen for me. (14) sell + 物品+ to + 某人把某物卖给某人(15) sell + 物品+ for + 钱以-多少钱卖某物e.g. I sell my pen to Li Lei. I sell my pen for three yuan. (16) have a look 看一看have a look at + 某物 / 人：看一看某物 / 某人(17) on sale 降价出售精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - -