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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上if 和 whether 用法区别1. 引导宾语从句 在引导宾语从句时,whether 和if 通可以互换,在ask,care,doubt,know,learn,see,tell,try,wonder等动词之后尤其如此。例They dont care a bit whether my reports are good or bad.I am not sure if/whether Ill have time.但是,必须注意以下几点: 1)如果从句是否定结构,则用if不用whether.例如: I dont care if he doesnt show up .他来不来
2、我都不在乎。 但是,当doubt是否定式时,则不用whether或if,要改用that,因为句子本身已没有“怀疑”或选择之意。度比较: She never doubt for a moment that she was right.她对自己是正确的这一点从不怀疑。 I doubt if that was what he wanted.2)宾语从句前置时只能用whether,如: Whether he lives there,I want to know.3)在decide,dicuss等动词后,通常只跟whether引导的宾语从句。如: They dicussed whether they s
3、hould close the shop. 4)出现在介词后面的宾语从句只能用whether引导,如: It all depends on whether she likes the boss or not .一切都取决于她是否喜欢这位上司。 5)句中含有引导条件状语从句的if 时,用whether 不用if,如: Bill asked whether ,if I got the job,Id move to York.比尔问如果我得到这份工作是否还要迁到约克。 2引导主语从句 主语从句位于句首时,用whether 不用ifWhether they win or lose is all the
4、 same to me.Whether it will do us harm or good remains to be seen.但是,当采用形式主语it,而将主语从句后置时,用whether和if 均可(尽管whether更常用): It makes no difference to me whether/if its foggy or clear.(高二册,第220页)3引导表语从句 引导表语从句时,一般用whether.例如: The question is whether they can cooperate with us.问题是他们能否与我们合作。 4引导同位语从句时一般用whe
5、ther.例如: We will soon discuss the problem whether we should take some effective measures to protect the animals and plants in our region.我们很快将讨论是否应该采取一些有效措施来保护本地区的动植物这一问题。 5引导让步状语从句 1)引导让步状语,一般用whether.例如: Whether you like it or not ,youll have to do it .Whether the weather is good or bad ,they will
6、 set off as they planned.无论天气是好是坏,他们都将按计划启程。 2)whether还可与分词、介词短语构成短语,在句中作让步状语,此时不可用if 来替代whether:Whether waking or sleeping ,he breathes noisily.他不管是醒着还是睡着了,都是呼呼作声。 Whether by accident or design, they met.无论是巧遇还是有意安排,反天他们是见面了。 6与不定式连用 在不定式之前用whether,如: He doesnt know whether to stay or not .(MET87)7
7、与or ,or not 连用 但是,随着语言的发展,if与or,or not 用也已为人们所接受,例如: He didnt know whether /if we should write or phone.(最新牛津现代高级英汉汉英双解词典 I wonder if /whether he is at home (or not )_.(Harold E.Palmer:A Grammat of English Words)I dont care if/whether your car breaks down or not .(Geoffrey Jan Svartvik:A Communicative Grammar of English )然而,直接与or not连用时,则只能用whether ,换句话说,只有whether or not ,没有if or not:I dont know whether or not you ll come.专心-专注-专业