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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of building trust between businesses and consumers. You can cite examples to illustrate your views. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Part II
2、I Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choi
3、ce in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.When Elon Musk says that his new priority is using artificial intelligence to build domest
4、ic robots, we should look forward to the day in admiration.Mr. Musk is a guy who gets things done. The founder of two tech companies, Tesla Motors and SpaceX, is bringing electric vehicles to mass market and _26_ humans to live on other planets. This sounds like so much hot air, but the near $13 bil
5、lion fortune this entrepreneur has _27_ comes from practical achievements rather than hypothetical ones.A lot of clever people are _28_ about artificial intelligence, fearing that robots will one day become so _29_ that theyll murder all of us. These fears are mostly _30_: as with hysteria about gen
6、etic modification, we humans are generally wise enough to manage these problems with speed and care.And just think of how wonderful it would be if you had a live-in robot. It could, _31_, be like having a babysitter and a nurse rolled into oneor, if that required _32_ intelligence beyond the power o
7、f Mr. Musks imagined machine, at least someone to chop the carrots, wash the car and mow the lawn. Once purchased and trained, this would allow the _33_ user to save money and time, freeing up _34_ space in our busy lives to read a good book.That is why we welcome Mr. Musks latest _35_, and wish him
8、 well. As long as robots add to the sum of human happiness, reduce suffering, and create time to read world-class journalism, we should be their fans. Especially since journalism is one job robots will never do.A) amassed B) casual C) emotional D enabling E) eventually F) exaggerated G) extravagant
9、H) generously I) misleading J) precious K) reward L) smart M) sphere N) terrified O) ventureSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which
10、the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.In the real world, nobody cares that you went to an Ivy League schoolA) As a high school junior, everything in my
11、life revolved around getting into the right college. I diligently attended my SAT, ACT, and Advanced Placement test preparation courses. I juggled (尽力应付) cross-country and track schedules, newspaper staff, and my churchs youth group and drama team. I didnt drink, party, or even do much dating. The r
12、ight college, I thought, was one with prestige, one with a name. It didnt have to be the Ivy League, but it needed to be a top school.B) Looking back now, nine years later, I cant remember exactly what it was about these universities that made them seem so much better. Was it a curriculum that appea
13、red more rigorous, perhaps? Or an alumni network that I hoped would open doors down the line? Maybe. I do think there are advantages to schools with more recognition, notes Marybeth Gasman, a professor of higher education at the University of Pennsylvania. I dont necessarily think thats a reason to
14、go to one.C) In reflection, my firm belief in the power of the brand was naive, not to mention a bit snobby. I quickly passed over state schools and southern schools, believing their curriculums to be automatically inferior to northeastern or western counterparts. Instead, I dreamed of living in New
15、 York City and my parents obliged me with a visit to New York Universitys (NYU) campus. During the tour, tuition fees were discussed. (NYU is consistently ranked one of the countrys most expensive schools, with room and board costs totaling upwards of $ 64,000 a year.) Up until then, I hadnt truly r
16、ealized just how expensive an education can be. Over the next few months, I realized not only could I not afford my dream school, I couldnt even afford the ones where Id been accepted. City University of New York (CUNY), Rutgers University, and Indiana University were out of reach as were Mississipp
17、i State and the University of Alabama, where I would have to pay out-of-state fees. Further complicating my college search was a flourishing track careerI wanted to keep running but my times werent quite fast enough to secure a scholarship.D) And so, at 11 pm on the night of Georgia State University
18、s (GSU) midnight deadline, I applied online. Rated No. 466 overall on Forbes Lists Top Colleges, No. 183 in Research Universities, and No. 108 in the South, I cant say it was my top choice. Still, the track coach had offered me a walk-on spot, and I actually found the urban Atlanta campus a decent c
19、onsolation prize after New York City.E) While it may have been practical, it wasnt prestigious. But heres the thing: I loved my lower-tier (低层次的) university. (I use the term low-tier cautiously, because GSU is a well-regarded research institution that attracts high quality professors and faculty fro
20、m all over the country.) We are taught to believe that only by going to the best schools and getting the best grades can we escape the rat race and build a better future. But what if lower-tier colleges and universities were the ticket to escaping the rat race? After all, where else can you leave sc
21、hool with a decent degreebut without a lifetime of debt?F) My school didnt come prepackaged like the more popular options, so we were left to take care of ourselves, figuring out city life and trying to complete degree programs that no one was championing for us to succeed in. What Im saying is, I l
22、oved my university because it taught us all to be resourceful and we could make what we wanted out of it.G) I was lucky enough to have my tuition covered by a lottery-funded scholarship called HOPE (Helping Outstanding Pupils Educationally). When I started college, the HOPE scholarship was funded by
23、 the state of Georgia and offered to graduating high school seniors with a GPA of 3.0 or higher. Living costs and books I paid for with money earned during high school, supplemented by a small college fund my deceased grandfather left for me and a modest savings account my parents created when I was
24、 born.H) So what about all that name recognition? Sure, many of my colleagues and competitors have more glamorous alma maters (母校) than I do. As a journalist, I have competed against NYU, Columbia, and Northeastern graduates for jobs. And yet, not a single interviewer has ever asked me about my educ
25、ational background. In fact, almost every interview Ive ever had was due to a connectionone that Ive gained through pure determination, not a school brand.I) According to The Boston Globe, students who earned their bachelors in 2012 have an average monthly loan payment of $312, which is one-third mo
26、re than those who graduated in 2004. Ultimately, thats the thing universities dont want to admit. Private universities are money-making institutions. If you can afford to buy prestige, thats your choice. For the rest of us, however, our hearty lower-tiered universities are just fine, thank you.J) We
27、althy universities talk up the benefits their name will give graduates: namely, strong alumni networks, star faculty, and a rsum boost. But you neednt attend an Ivy League school to reap those rewards. Ludacris and the former CEO of Bank of America Ken Lewis are alumni of my college, as well as VICE
28、s first female editor-in-chief, Ellis Jones. Successful people tend to be successful no matter where they go to school, and lower-tier schools can have alumni networks just as strong as their big name counterparts. In fact, lower-tier school alumni networks are arguably stronger, because fellow alum
29、ni recognize that you didnt necessarily have an easy path to follow. They might be more willing to offer career help, because your less famous school denotes that, like them, you are also full of energy and perseverance.K) The Washington Post reported on a recent study by Princeton economists, in wh
30、ich college graduates who applied to the most selective schools in the 12th grade were compared to those who applied to slightly less selective schools. They found that students with more potential earned more as adults, and the reverse held true as well, no matter where they went to school.L) Likew
31、ise, star faculty are not always found where youd expect. Big name schools are not necessarily the best places for professors; plus, many professors split teaching time between multiple colleges and/or universities. This means, for instance, a CUNY student could reasonably expect to receive the same
32、 quality of instruction from a prestigious professor as they would if they were enrolled in the same class at NYU.M) Its possible that some hiring managers may be drawn to candidates with a particular educational rsum, but its no guarantee. According to a 2012 survey described in The Atlantic, colle
33、ge reputation ranked lowest in relative importance of attributes in evaluating graduates for hire, beaten out by top factors like internships, employment during college, college major, volunteer experience, and extracurriculars.N) Maybe students who choose less prestigious universities are bound to
34、succeed because they are determined to. I tend to think so. In any case, if I could do it again, Id still make the same choice. Today Im debt-free, resourcefuland I understand that even the shiniest packaging cant predict what youll find on the inside.36. Modest institutions can also have successful
35、 graduates and strong alumni networks.37. The money the author made in high school helped pay for her living expenses and books at college.38. The author came to see how costly college education could be when she was trying to choose a university to attend.39. A recent study found that a graduates s
36、alary is determined by their potential, not the university they attended.40. The author cannot recall for sure what made certain top universities appear a lot better.41. None of the authors job interviewers cared which college she went to.42. The author thinks she did the right thing in choosing a l
37、ess prestigious university.43. In order to be admitted to a prestigious university, the author took part in various extracurricular activities and attended test preparation courses.44. The author liked her university which was not prestigious but less expensive.45. Colleges are reluctant to admit th
38、at graduates today are in heavier debt.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding let
39、ter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twenty years ago?In their thirst for evidence on this issue, commentators seized on the recent report by t
40、he Census Bureau, which found that average household income rose by 5.2% in 2015. Unfortunately, that conclusion puts too much weight on a useful, but flawed and incomplete, statistic. Among the more significant problems with the Censuss measure are that: 1) it excludes taxes, transfers, and compens
41、ation like employer-provided health insurance; and 2) it is based on surveys rather than data. Even if precisely measured, income data exclude important determinants of economic well-being, such as the hours of work needed to earn that income.While thinking about the question, we came across a recen
42、tly published article by Charles Jones and Peter Klenow, which proposes an interesting new measure of economic welfare. While by no means perfect, it is considerably more comprehensive than average income, taking into account not only growth in consumption per person but also changes in working time
43、, life expectancy, and inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assess economic performance both across countries and over time.The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Suppose we want to compare the economic welfare of citizens of the U.S. and France in 2005.In 2005, as
44、 the authors observe: real consumption per person in France was only 60% as high as the U.S., making it appear that Americans were economically much better off than the French on average. However, that comparison omits other relevant factors: leisure time, life expectancy, and economic inequality. T
45、he French take longer vacations and retire earlier, so typically work fewer hours; they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumably reflecting advantages with respect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like; and income and consumption are somewhat more equally distributed there than in the U.S.
46、 Because of these differences, comparing Frances consumption with the U.S.s overstates the gap in economic welfare.Similar calculations can be used to compare the U.S. and other countries. For example, this calculation puts economic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97% of U.S. levels, but estimates
47、Mexican well-being at 22%.The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess an economys performance over time. According to this measure, as of the early-to-mid-2000s, the U.S. had the highest economic welfare of any large country. Since 2007, economic welfare in the U.S. has continued to improve. However, t
48、he pace of improvement has slowed markedly.Methodologically, the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic welfare is multi-dimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in principle other important quality-of-life changes could be incorporated-for example, decreases in total emis
49、sions of pollutants and declines in crime rates.46. What does the author think of the 2015 report by the Census Bureau?A) It is based on questionable statistics. B) It reflects the economic changes.C) It evidences the improved-welfare.D) It provides much food for thought.47. What does the author say about the Jones-Klenow method?A) It is widely used to compare the ec