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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上英语选择题答题技巧制作人：周东武 审骇人：高三英语组 时间：2010-5-161、 做好英语选择题的前提英语满篇都是选择题，貌似很好做，但是很多人确实丢分丢的厉害。究竟是什么原因呢？今天虽不主要讨论这些，但是要强调一点：英语做题的出发点是以其母语为出发点的。英语的特性是直来直往，是非常讲究客观的，但是我们中国人容易接受的思维却极其主观的，因此许多同学在读懂题目的情况下仍然对着选项模棱两可，导致丢分，就是因为很多选项从主观意思上去想都是成立的，但是从客观描述上题目并没有讲到。 比如07年全国卷阅读题，部分同学可能有见过，阅读理解大意是圣诞前夕，大家都在准备狂欢，装饰自己
2、的屋子等，但是有一对夫妇骑车去上班，下班回家时发现车子被偷了。后来这对夫妇登了报纸，很多人关心他，甚至有人送车给他。有道题问，这段话告诉我们什么？选项有这对夫妇过的日子很艰辛，大家可能会想，大过节的大家都在玩，确实是很辛苦。但是原文没有提到，很多人自认为正确的答案其实是错的。还有道题问，这篇文章说明了什么？有两选项：去公司上班去要记得看好车子；登报使人出名。这些都是主观选项，很多人认为车丢了当然要看好车子，还有一部分人认为登了报纸，不但找回车，还有人送车，这说明登报使人出名了，这些都是主观选项。 单选、完形也存在这么些情况，很多时候大家题目看的很顺，甚至每个单词都认识，但是一看选项傻眼了，这是
3、因为没有抓住语义做题，具体原因也不多做分析了。 做好英语的前提第一是保持客观性，这也是做好任何学科选择题的前提。英语做题的另一个重点是讲究用语义做题。2、淡化语法结构分析，转为语法客观理解 当前最首要的是要淡化语法结构分析，转为客观理解语法：现在大家都落入到语法结构分析的套路中去，始终弄不明白各种繁杂的语法。语法书都是翻开任何一本语法书，有薄于100页的吗，即使你通读下来，有帮助吗？因为我们总是单独的去看一个独立的语法点，从来没有去理清这些语法之间的关系。先看这句话，Although she is beautiful, but I cannot marry her.大家都知道这句话是错的，因为
4、although和but不能连用，但是，你想过为什么不能一起用吗？再看这句话：I see a girl is beautiful. 大家应该知道这句话是错的，甚至有些同学可以告诉我，这句话应该改成I see a girl who is beautiful.的定语从句，水平再高一点的同学会告诉我，这句话还可以改成I see a girl being beautiful.的非谓语动词形式，谁能告诉我这句话为什么不对？就是因为你说不出为什么不对，你才会在紧张的高考做题中不断出错，其实，客观的理解高中英语语法乃至整个英语语法最本质也是最核心的一句话就是“一句话有且只有一个谓语”，也就是说，没有谓语不行
5、，但多了也不行，see已经充当谓语，后面的is就要降低身份，而降低身份只有两种方法，一种是变成从句，另一种是非谓语动词，于是才有了后面的一系列语法。现在再回头想想为什么although和but不能同时用，也就容易明白了，当你按照这个思路把整个高中语法做成一张图，怎么考也不会再害怕了。 英语时态是最常考的问题，高中要求大家熟练掌握六种时态，过去完成时、一般过去时、现在完成时、一般现在时、现在进行时和一般将来时，还有两种时态可能考到，但要求不高，即将来完成时和将来进行时，我们学习的时候一定是这样学的，“现在完成时主要有两种用法，一种是过去发生的动作持续到现在，一种是过去发生的动作没有持续到现在但是
6、对现在产生影响，”会做题了吗？会写句子了吗？还是不会！结果老师又要你每个时态背一堆时间状语！假设你全都背下来了，能做题吗？大家看看下面这句话对不对：I knew youve already done it.注意，有already喔！ 如果你觉得上一句没错，再看这句对不对：I knew youd already done it.好像不对。因为大家只记得看到already要选现在完成时。但是，第二句才是正确的写法，这里只能用过去完成时！为什么你会选错？因为你依然没有将所有时态之间联系起来，只是孤立地背诵每一种时态，结果必然惨败。我们要从语义上判断时态。大家请客观的认识时态的本质：时态并不是反映了时
7、间状语，而是反映了动作发生的先后顺序，换句话说，当我们叙述一连串的动作时，要按照这样的顺序：had done did have done do will do，上句说“我知道你已经做过了”，“知道”用了一般过去时，“做”是在知道以前发生的动作，所以往回推一格，就剩had done。依此类推，所有的时态考题可轻易拿下，本质上还是根据语义做题。知道了这个原理，试着做一下这道题（2008年全国卷）. 27. Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time?Yes, since she _ the Chinese SocietyA. has joined B. j
8、oins C. had joined D. joined3、介词的理解 介词的重要性毋庸置疑，无论是单选还是完形，甚至写作用好了介词，能够盘活一篇枯燥的作文，其作用比语法实用，考试可以不做语法分析，但是不能对介词不理解。我们学习介词的过程中始终只记得意思或者作为一个固定搭配词组的附属词记忆，这都是本末倒置的，一个固定搭配或词组的灵魂在介词，而不是这个动词，希望大家从意思上去从新理解介词，掌握他的特性。4、选择题实战技巧阅读我不说了，大家请看：如何在水平不够的情况下做英语阅读选择题，从头到尾充满了暗示点，就如上一题黑体字部分就直接给了选项暗示。这里我直接从网上选一篇完形填空，不给大家答案，但是给
9、出暗示点，来说明如何做选择题。The Florida sun baked my shoulders as I worked along the I-595 freeway near Fort Lauderdale, picking up rubbish. I paused to 36 the sweat off my forehead and look up at the cloudless blue sky.“ 37 cant it rain?” I thought. That would 38 things down. I thought about my 39 , who were pr
10、obably sitting in an air-conditioned 40 right now. Id had some problems in school, 41 my parents decided to let me 42 full-time with my dad, We both worked for my uncle, who had taken 43 of a maintenance（道路养护）company. It was up to us to keep the roads 44 of rubbish. The job was 45 and dirty, especia
11、lly on hot days 46 this. I wondered why I ever agreed to do it. We continued our 47 route along the I-595, 48 for the overpass bridge. Then I noticed an area where some 49 were broken on the ground. It wasnt like that before. “Dad! Pull over! I want to 50 something out.” I jumped off the truck and r
12、ushed to the bridge. Something was telling me to 51 there wasnt much time. 52 I saw a Toyota that 53 upside down in the tree. Maybe it was a stolen car that somebody 54 there, I thought. Then, just at that 55 , I noticed something moving. It was a bloody leg poking out of the drivers side window! “H
13、eeeelp!”a lady moaned.36 AwipeBcut Cput Dsend37 AWhenBHowCWhyDWhere38 AturnBkeepCmakeDcool39 AparentsBschool-times Cfriends Dschool yards40 AofficeBclassroomCrestaurantDliving room41 AbutBor CforDso42 AworkBstudyCstayDspend43 AbusinessBpossession Cposition Dplace44 AawayBfromCfarDclear45 AeasyBlonel
14、yCsmelly Dnoisy46 AforBlikeCafterDas47 AregularBcommonCunusualDnormal48 AreachingBgoingClookingDheading49 AcarsBbottlesCbranchesDglasses50 Acheck BhelpCtakeDbring51 AdecideBhurryCconsiderDstop52 AAboveBBehindCAheadDBelow53 AhungBtrappedCcaughtDfell54 AstoredBdeserted Clost Dhid55 AbridgeBtreeCmoment
15、Dway英语题的暗示性很强的，不仅这篇文章，几乎所有文章都这模样： 转折、关联词必有暗示如but，also，although；指代词必有暗示如which，who，that，it，where等；关系词、连接词必有暗示如and，as，as a resout等；疑问词如why，why not等。剩下的是介词，如up、down，off等。这些暗示不是在原文中就是在选项中，因此，做英语题，完全可以根据暗示快速做题。当然必须结合语义做题，才能100%正确。假设我读不很懂这篇，但是完全可以这么读，我都读成这了，但是依旧可以把题做出来。我工作在什么附近，在捡垃圾，我怎么着（）擦汗我的额头，并抬头看天，（ ）不
16、下雨？我想，那将（ ）东西down，我开始想念我的（ )谁可能坐在（ ）现在。我存在一些问题在学校，（ ）我父母决定让我（ ）和我爸爸一起，我们都为叔叔工作，谁（ ）公司，保持路面（ ）of垃圾，工作怎么（ ）和脏，尤其是热天（ ）这里。 我们继续（ ）这条什么街，（）过桥。我看到一个地方一些（ ）坏在路上，不像平时那样。我想（ ）什么东西out，一些东西告诉我（ ），没太多时间了。（ ）我看到一个什么（ ）怎么着在树里面，可能是一部偷来的车（ ）那，我想，那时，就在那（ ），我看见什么动了。后面是描述一个人的不翻译了。有些题可能比较难找暗示，可以先放着，看到后文就能明白了。希望谁照着试做一遍
17、，把答案回复上来。这么读下来费事不费事？几乎看一遍就下来了，再把选项略微翻译下，什么答案都出来了。并且上下文联系的紧密读和暗示性足够，做题根本不是问题。KEY: 3540ACDCB 4145DABDC 46-50BADCA 5155BDABC 大家可以翻任何一道题，考固定搭配的极少，介词稍微一理解，就完了，几乎都是靠语义做题结合上下文的暗示点就能完成。如单选我举几道题：1. Have you heard the latest news? No, what _A. is it B. is there C. are they D. are those 直接把复数的排除，news不用管它的形式。2.
18、Some pre-school children go to a day care center, _ they learn simple games and songs.A. then B. there C. while D. where 不用看完了go to一定是地点，选D3.Its a long time since I saw my sister. _ her this weekend?A. Why not visit B. Why not to visit C. Why not visiting D. Why dont visit选项都是why not，直接排除D，why not+原
19、形这个不会就没话说了。4. Hows your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful? It_ be, but it is now heavily polluted. A. will B. would C. should D. must 意思不确定，发在now之前，选B结束。5. “Goodbye, then,” she said, without even _ from her book.A. looking down B. looking up C. looking away D. looking on 语义，甚至头也不抬。其实英语内容并不
20、多，要理解的也不多，只是大多数学生忽略了学习英语过程中，最基本的元素就是语义。能大致弄懂意思，就可以变成纯中文题了，至于语法之类的，看完考卷，你给我说说所占比例究竟有多少？丢了也比其他不会做的强，何况语法稍微了解下，就可建立在语义上做题。 大家做题要善于找暗示，还要学会读自己能够读懂的单词，别害怕这个词陌生，老是猜测这个词什么意思，很多情况下不读生词完全能够通过其他字面的翻译做题的，当然，选项看不懂的，拿两个硬币丢吧。强化练习：阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。39 “Hey, Dad, are you going to co
21、me to my award ceremony tonight? ”I 1 asked my father. “I have to work late tonight. I doubt Ill be able to 2 it on time. I am just too busy right now, ”he replied. My mind could not 3 the idea that he would be too busy working late. He was also too busy to 4 my horse show, football games and the 15
22、th birthday party. He always used the same 5 . Why had I even bothered to ask? 6 , there was always a slight hope that tonight would be 7 . As my mother and I arrived at school, two friends 8 me. “Jill, meet my dad. Dad, this is my friend Jill. ”I shook the hand of a tall man. Camera flashes lit up
23、the room, and claps filled the 9 as students accepted their awards. My name was finally called, 10 three others. I followed my classmates to the 11 . When I reached out my hand to shake the 12 , a big smile lit up her face. The blinding flash from my mothers camera 13 my eyes and I knew my dad wasnt
24、 there. I walked back to my seat 14 . Back at home, seeing my dads car in the garage, I told myself he would not be 15 . But the strong smell of alcohol （酒精）hit me as soon as I 16 inside, and I could feel my tears 17 . I followed the sound of his drunken words and saw him 18 on the couch. 19 did fat
25、her lie to me? I threw my award on the floor, walked to my bedroom, and shut the door. Tears rolled down my face. I wondered if I would ever be more 20 than his whiskey bottle. 1. A. confidently B. eagerlyC. proudlyD. fearfully 2. A. reachB. keepC. takeD. make 3. A. create B. supportC. appreciateD.
26、accept 4. A. watch B. avoidC. attendD. speed 5. A. excuse B. replyC. promiseD. trick 6. A. Besides B. ThusC. OtherwiseD. However 7. A. active B. formalC. differentD. serious 8. A. recognized B. greetedC. encouragedD. showed 9. A. airB. audienceC. schoolD. playground 10. A. apart fromB. other thanC.
27、except forD. along with 11. A. stageB. positionC. officeD. exit 12. A. JillsB. teachersC. mothersD. fathers 13. A. fixedB. touchedC. hurtD. inserted 14. A. successfullyB. disappointedlyC. delightedlyD. hopefully 15. A. drunkB. wokenC. forgivenD. hidden 16. A. steppedB. noticedC. examinedD. glanced 1
28、7. A. getting offB. taking downC. building upD. turning around 18. A. leaningB. lyingC. puttingD. carrying 19. A. HowB. WhereC. WhyD. Whether 20. A. perfectB. comfortableC. fortunateD. important40阅读下列短文，掌握其大意，然后从每小题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项。A Shelter for the HomelessLast summer I was a volunteer (志愿者)
29、at a shelter for the homeless, a place for homeless people to sleep at night. I wasnt working that summer and was 1 only two classes in summer school, so I had some 2 time.Three nights a week, I 3 in the kitchen of the shelter along with four other volunteers. We planned and 4 for 10 people hot meal
30、s 5 vegetables, chicken, fish and fruit. The homeless people 6 this good food because many of them usually didnt eat well.I 7 this volunteer work, making 8 with the four volunteers in the kitchen. One was a very nice elderly housewife, one a movie actor, another a young teacher, and the other a coll
31、ege student, 9 me.I talked to a lot of the homeless people at the shelter. Their life stories 10 me with sympathy (同情). Some of them had 11 with alcohol (酒) or drugs while others only had bad 12 . One woman worked for almost 30 years for a small company, and 13 she lost her job. She looked for a 14
32、job, but couldnt find one, for she was too 15 . She could do nothing but sell her furniture sofas, chairs, and tables 16 she could pay for her food. The woman 17 on job hunting, but she 18 couldnt find one. She had no money for her 19 and had to sleep in her car. Then she had to sell her car. Alone,
33、 20 , and homeless, she finally came to the shelter.1. A. studying B. planning C. holding D. taking2. A. full B. free C. extra D. long3. A. helped B. waited C. appeared D. washed4. A. ordered B. bought C. cooked D. finished5. A. with B. from C. by D. in6. A. demanded B. needed C. collected D. reques
34、ted7. A. wanted B. had C. owned D. enjoyed8. A. decisions B. wishes C. friends D. changes9. A. as B. like C. except D. besides10. A. struck B. filled C. seized D. provided11. A. habits B. worries C. difficulties D. problems12. A. luck B. pain C. experience D. loss13. A. so B. again C. then D. thus14
35、. A. good B. fresh C. skilled D. new15. A. old B. poor C. sick D. dull16. A. if B. because C. so that D. in case17. A. went B. moved C. came D. worked18. A. also B. still C. almost D. even19. A. block B. cottage C. building D. flat20. A. afraid B. shy C. shocked D. mad39.KEY: 15BDDCA 610 DCBAD 1115ABCBA 1620ACBCD40.KEY: 15DBACA 610 BDCBB 1115 DACDA1620 CABDA 专心-专注-专业