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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上Lesson 15 Good newssecretary n. 秘书 nervous adj. 精神紧张的afford v. 负担得起 weak adj. 弱的interrupt v. 插话，打断 (secretary sekrtri n.秘书secret si:krit n. 秘密tell a secret 告诉一个秘密keep a secret 保守秘密the secret of success 成功的秘密an open secret 一个公开的秘密in secret 秘密地secret adj. 秘密地，保密的，不公开的a secret marriage 一次秘
2、密的婚礼a secret document 一份秘密的文件secretary n. 秘书,书记a private secretary 一位私人秘书Secretary-general 秘书长Secretary of State 国务卿secretive si:krtv, skri:tv adj. 喜欢保守秘密的，守口如瓶的eg. He is rather secretive about his personal problems. 他对自己的个人问题守口如瓶。nervous adj. 紧张的nerve n. 神经worried adj. 焦急的，焦虑的anxious: very worriede
3、ager adj. 热切的，盼望的，急切的（褒）annoyed adj. 稍微恼怒的，不悦的angry adj. 生气的irritable rtbl adj.易怒的, 急躁的nervous breakdown 神经衰弱（口）be nervous aboutor: be nervous of 对感到紧张afford v. 负担得起（金钱，时间）常与can/could/be able to连用，不用被动语态 (no passive)。afford money 有足够的钱花afford time 能抽出时间afford sth 供给某事物，给予某事物afford to pay 付得起afford t
4、o buy 买得起eg. They took a bus because they couldnt afford to take a taxi. 他们因为打不起车而乘公交车。eg. Id love to go on holiday but I cant afford the time. 我倒想去度假，可是抽不出时间。eg. When I have time, I cant afford the money. 我有时间时却没有钱了。eg. I cant afford the car. I can only afford a bicycle. 我买不起汽车，只能买辆自行车。weak adj. 弱的
5、 strongadj. 无力的，疲弱的，微弱的，不宜察觉的，淡的，（能力等）拙劣的，不擅长的eg. She was still weak after her illness. 大病之后，她仍很虚弱，a weak economy 疲弱的经济a weak market 疲软的市场weak currency 贬值的货币in a weak voice 用微弱的声音a weak smile 微微的一笑strong tea 浓茶weak tea 淡茶eg. They are strong in English but weak in French. 他们擅长英语但不擅长法语。weakness n. 弱点e
6、g. This is the only weakness in the machine. 这是这台机器的唯一缺点。have a weakness for sweets 酷爱甜食or: have a sweet toothweakling wi:kli n. 懦夫，弱者（贬）eg. Dont be such a weakling. 不要做这样的懦夫。interrupt ,ntrpt1) break sb; cut in打断某人讲话，打岔，打扰eg. It is impolite to interrupt others. 打断别人谈话是不礼貌的。eg. Dont interrupt while I
7、 am busy. 在我忙时，不要打扰我。2) 使中断，终止 (break)eg. Trade between the two countries was interrupted by the war. 两国之间的贸易被战争中断了。eg. We interrupted the programme to bring you a newsflash. 我们中断节目插播一条新闻快讯。extra adj. 额外的，附加的，外加的(additional, more than or beyond what is usual, expected, or necessary)eg. The football
8、match went into extra time. 足球赛进入加时赛阶段。extra pay for extra work 额外的工作付给额外报酬eg. I would receive an extra thousand pounds a year. 我每年将得到额外的一千英镑。extra n. 号外，（电影的）临时演员another 另外一个，又一个eg. There arent enough chairs here for us all. Please bring me another one. 这儿椅子不够，请再拿一把。another: 表示在原来基础上再增加一个。extra: 表示
9、原来已经足够，在预期的基础上额外的，附加的。Key Structures 间接引语：当我们引用别人的话时，我们可以用别人的原话，也可以用自已的话把意思转述出来，如果是引用原话，被引用的部分就是直接引语，否则称为间接引语。把直接引语变为间接引语，可用动语say/tell，后面可跟人名或代词作间接宾语，然后是以that引导的一个句子作直接宾语；在动词say 后，that可以省略。1. 引语中的谓语要与主句谓语在时态上保持一致，并且注意人称的变化。Eg. I am busy,he said.Eg. He said that he was busy.Eg. I never work on Sunday
10、s. she said.Eg. She said that she never worded on Sundays.Eg. She said ,I like English very much.Eg. She said that she liked English very much.Eg. He said ,Your young brother broke the window.Eg. He said that my young brother brother the window.2. 如引语是一般疑问句，改为由wether 或if 引导的宾语从句。如引语是特殊问句，仍由特殊疑问词引导，后
11、面采用陈述语序。Eg. The teacher asked me ,Do you like music ?Eg. The teacher asked me weather/if I liked music. Eg. John asked,when will our plane arrive?Eg. John asked when our plane would arrive.Eg. Are you going to learn English ? asked Tom.Eg. Tom asked weatherif I was going to learn English.3. 根据意思将指示代
12、词、地点及时间状语作必要的变动如下：This _ thatThese _ those Now _ thenToday _ that dayThis week _ that weekYesterday _ the day beforeLast week _ the week before Tow days ago _tow days before tomorrow _ the next day Next week _ the next week Here _thereCome _ goeg. He said : I arrived yesterday morning.eg. He said th
13、at he had arrived the morning before.eg. He asked,will you tell me the answer to this question at this plsce tomorrow?eg. He asked me whether I wold tell him the answer to that question at that place the next day.4. say与tell的区别：say+所说内容（直接宾语从句） tell sb + 所说内容Exercise1. He told me that she_(come)tomo
14、rrow.2. The gardener _that she _(cut) that tree down yesterday.3. I _you I _(have) never played tennis before.4. What_he_that he _(do)?1、主从一致: 主句和从句的时态一致 主句的动词为一般现在时, 从句为任意时态 主句的动词为一般过去时, 从句为相对应的过去时态（时态倒移）一般现在时 一般过去时现在进行时 过去进行时现在完成时 过去完成时将来完成时 过去将来完成时一般过去时 过去完成时2、人称变化：主要是第一和第二人称变化3、只要属于宾语从句, 引导词that
15、 可以省略Text feel- felt-felteg. I felt nervous. 我感到很紧张。eg. I felt excited. 我感到很兴奋。look up 抬头，仰视，查字典与look相关的其它短语look down upon sb 轻视某人look round 环顾，向四周看look out 小心，注意look like 看起来像look for 寻找look-in n. 顺便拜访，（成功，胜利的）机会get a look-in 有赢得的希望enter/go into 进入firm 公司，商号（两人以上合资经营的商业性机构）a trading firm 贸易公司corpor
16、ation ,k:prein (Am) 股份有限公司缩写为corpcompany 由若干人组成的经营商业的公司a bus company 公共汽车公司limited liability company 有限责任公司enterprise1) 企业，公司a business enterprisea private enterprise 私人公司2) 事业，尤指艰巨、带有冒险性质的事业start a new enterprise 开始一项新的事业group 集团business1) 商行，公司a big business 大公司open a business 开办公司2) 生意eg. Busines
17、s is business. 生意归生意，交情归交情；公事公办。3) 事eg. Mind your own business! 管好你自己的事就可以了。so/much 如此1) such + n./n.短语such a beautiful day. 多美好的天气啊！2) so + adj./adv. + n.so beautiful a day3) such +可数名词复数及不可数名词4) so many/much/little/few + n.such large salaries 如此大的工资开销so little water 如此少的水such a shock 如此震惊such a hu
18、rry 如此匆忙such a wonderful time 如此美好的时光or: so wonderful a timeso many people 如此众多的人so few books 如此少的书turn n. 顺序，轮流in a weak voice 用微弱的声音Special Difficultiesnevous/irritable rtbl adj.易怒的, 急躁的eg. Examinations make me nervous. 考试令我紧张。eg. He is such an irritable person, you can hardly speak to him.他这个人如此易
19、怒，你简直没法同他说话。office 办公室study 书房desk 书桌eg. There are six people in our office.eg. The living room is next to the study. 起居室在书房旁边。eg. My desk is covered with books. 我的书桌上面堆满了书。afford 负担得起eg. Will you buy this car? 你将买这辆车吗？ I cant afford it. 我买不起。 I cant afford 7,000. 我掏不起7000英镑。eg. You can afford this
20、model, Its not very expensive. 你买得起这种型号/款式，它不是很贵。eg. I havent been to the cinema lately. I cant afford the time. 我最近没去电影院，我没有时间。Exercise 用适当的词填空：1) We shall use the spare room in our new house as a _.2) Smith works in a lawyers _.3) She felt very_ before the plane took off.4) I can only _ to pay $10
21、0 a week rent.5) Since his illness he has been very _.He is always losing his temper.Exercises1.-_did he feel ? -Very nevous. A. What B How C How much D. Which分析： 这个疑问句是针对人的心理状态提问的，回答是Very nervous。How 是对状态提问的。2. The firm couldnt pay_large salaries. A so B such a C such D such分析：A. 只能修饰形容词或副词，不能修饰名词s
22、alaries;B. 可以修饰名词，但只能修饰可数名词单数形式；D不符合语法习惯；C. 可以修饰复数名词或者不可数名词。3. Its your turn._.A Its your line B Its your row C Youre next D Its your chance分析: 轮到你了。C.你是下一个。 A 这是你的一行。 B 这是你的一排。 D 这是你的机会。4. In order to show his boss what a careful worder he was,he took _trouble over the figures. A extensive B spare
23、C extra D supreme分析： A 广泛的；B 多余的，备用的；C 额外的，格外的； D 至高的，最高的。Review间接引语： 从直接引语变间接引语时，注意人称，时态，时间状态，地点状语及指示词的变化。、eg. She said. I never work on Sundays.Eg. She said that she never worded on Sundays.eg. I have just finished work.Mr Jones said.eg. Mr Jones said that he had just finished work.eg. Mr Jones to
24、ld his wife that he had just finished work.be nervous感到紧张feel nervous感到紧张afford to pay负担的起付款in a weak voice 用微弱的声音interrupt sb打断某人extra money额外的钱extra time额外的时间look up 仰视 抬头看 查字典such 与so的区别： 都有如此的意思，such后面是名词，名词前有形容词或副词时用sosuch large salaries 如此大的工资开销so much water 如此多的水so many bookssuch a beautiful day 如此好的天气so beautiful a day 如此好的一天量词a portion of 一部分；一份;一客eg. A large portion of this money would come to her. 这笔钱的一大部分要归她所有。a profusion of 大量的，丰富的 eg. There is a profusion of flowers in the garden in summer. 夏天这个花园里很多花。专心-专注-专业