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1、精品名师归纳总结新概念英语第一册语法总结 时态时态：一般现在时,现在进行时,一般将来时,一般过去时/ 现在完成时,过去进行时,过去完成时,过去将来时1. 一般现在时：表示一般性,经常性的动作或一般性事实。* 含有 be 动词的句子 He is a teacher.; The girl is very beautiful. ;Tim and Jack are students.变疑问句将 be 动词移到句首 Is he a teacher.; Is the girl very beautiful.; Are Tim and Jack students.变否定句在 be 动词后面加 not He
2、is not a teacher.;The girl is not very thin.;Tim and Jack are not students.确定回答及否定回答Yes he is. No he is not.Yes she is. No she is not.Yes they are. No they are not.* 不含 be 有动词的句子,即含有一般动词的句子第三人称单数及单数名词He likes books.;She likes him. ;The dog likes bones.变疑问句在句首加does 动词变为原型 Does he like books.Does she
3、like him.Does the dog like bones.变否定句在主语及动词之间加doesn t 动词变为原型He doesn t like books. She doesn t like him. The dog doesn t like bones.确定回答及否定回答Yes he does. No he doesn t. Yes she does. No she doesn t. Yes it does. No it doesn t.（留意：第三人称单数形式一般在动词后面加S,不要和名词复数混淆） 其他人称及复数茗词I want to have a bath.We have so
4、me meat.The students like smart teachers.变疑问句在句首加doDo you want to have a bath. Do we have any meat. Do the students like smart teachers.变否定句在主语和动词之间加dont.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结You don t want to have a bath. We don t have any meat. The students don t like smart teachers.确定回答及否定回答Yes I do. No I don
5、t. Yes we do. No we don t. Yes they do. No they don t.2. 现在进行时,表示现在正在进行的动作。构成：主语 be 动词动词的现在分词其它成分（现在分词的构成见附录）We are having lunch.He is reading a book.The dog is running after a cat.The boys are swimming across the river.变疑问句将 be 动词移到句首Are we having lunch. Is he reading a book. Is the dog running aft
6、er a cat.Are the boys swimming across the river.变否定句在 be 动词后面加 notWe are not having lunch. He is not reading a book.The dog is not running after a cat. The boys are swimming across the river.* 特殊疑问句： what / which/ how/ where/ who疑问词动词主语现在分词What are you doing. What is she doing. What is the dog doing
7、.* 没有进行时的动词表示状态,思想,感情和感觉的动词不能表示正在进行的动作表示感觉、感官的词see、hear、like 、love 、want have/ has 当”拥有”讲时,没有进行时3. 一般将来时 表示将来将要发生的动作, 经常和 tomorrow 、 next year 、the day after tomorrow、the year after the next 、in five hours time etc. 表示将来的词联用* 结构： 主语+助动词 will+ 动词原形可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结I will go to America tomorrow
8、.The pilot will fly to Japan the month after the next.Jack will move into his new house tomorrow morning.变疑问句将助动词移到句首Will you go to America tomorrow.Will the pilot fly to Japan the month after the next.Will Jack move into his new house tomorrow morning.变否定句在助动词后面加notI will not go to America tomorrow
9、.The pilot will not fly to Japan the month after the next.Jack will not move into his new house tomorrow morning确定回答及否定回答Yes I will. No I will not. Yes he/she will. No he/she will not. Yes he will. No he will not.* 特殊疑问句： What will you do.* Be going to do表示准备,预备,方案做某事结构：主语 +be 动词+going to + 动词原型I am
10、 going to make a bookcase.They are going to paint it.The father is going to give the bookcase to his daughter.变疑问句将 be 动词移到句首Are you going to make a bookcase. Are they going to paint it.Is the father going to give the bookcase to his daughter.变否定句在 be 动词后面加 notI am not going to make a bookcase.可编辑资料
11、 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结They are going to paint it.The father is not going to give the bookcase to his daughter.确定回答及否定回答Yes I am. No I am not. Yes they are. No they are not. Yes he is. No he is not.* 特殊疑问句What are you going to do.What are they going to do.What is the father going to do.4.一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或
12、大事, 常和表示过去的时间状语连用,如 yesterday、 last night 、the day before yesterday、 3 days ago* 含有 be 动词的句子,将动词变为过去式,（am is 的过去式为 was, are 的过去式为 were） I was at the butcher s.You were a student a year ago.The teacher was very beautiful ten years ago.变疑问句将 be 动词移动到句首Were you at the butcher s. Were you a student a ye
13、ar ago.Was the teacher very beautiful ten years ago.变否定句在 be 动词后面加 notI was not at the butcher s. You were not a student a year ago. The teacher was not very beautiful ten years ago.确定回答否定回答Yes I was. No I was not. Yes you were. No you were not. Yes he/she was. No he/she was not.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师
14、归纳总结* 特殊疑问句： What did you do.不含有 be 动词的句子,将动词变为过去式,动词过去式构成见附录I finished my homework yesterday.The boy went to a restaurant.The Sawyers lived at King Streeta year ago.变疑问句在句首加did,动词变为原型Did you finish your homework yesterday.Did the boy go to a restaurant.Did the Sawyers live at King Streeta year ago.
15、变否定句在主语和动词之间加did notI did not finish my homework yesterday.The boy did not go to a restaurant.The Sawyers did not live at King Streeta year ago.确定回答及否定回答Yes I did. No I didn t./ Yes he did. No he didn t. /Yes they did. No they did not.5、现在完成时构成 主语+助动词 have has+过去分词* 表示过去发生的和现在有某种联系的动作,常和just 、usuall
16、y、 already、 since 等时间副词连用I have just had lunch. 饱了,不用再吃了 He has had a cup of tea（. 不渴了,不用再喝）They have already had their holiday.（他们已经度过假了）The boy has already read the book. （已经知道书的内容了,不用再看了）* 询问别人是否做过某事一般用现在完成时：Have you finished your homework. Have you been to Beijing. Have he seen the film.* 表示开头于过
17、去并连续到现在的动作I have lived in Beijing for twenty years.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结I have worked for this school for 1 year.* 表示一种经受,体会：去过的芳,做过事情,经受过事情I have never had a bath.I have never seen a film.I have never been to cinema.I have ever been to Paris.Have been to 表示去过, have gone to 表示去了I have been to Lon
18、don.人已经回来 He has gone to London.（人仍在那里）* 表示一种结果,一般不和时间副词联用I have lost my pen.I have hurt myself.He has become a teacher.She has broken my heart.句型变化：变疑问句将助动词移到句首,变否定句在助动词后面加not.e.g. Have you lost your pen. I have not lost my pen.确定回答及否定回答Yes I have. No I have not.* 特殊疑问句： What have you done. What ha
19、s he done.一般过去时与现在完成时的区分：凡是有明确的表示过去的时间状语的句子为过去时（留意：有些动词表示的动作有一个终点,不连续,因此不能和表示一段时间状语连用。） 错： I ve left Beijing for 3 days.对： I left Beijing 3 days ago. I have been away from being for 3 days.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结6. 过去完成时：用法：在过去的时间里,两个动作中,发生在前的那个动作要用过去完成时。结构： had+过去分词After she had finished her homew
20、ork , she went shopping.They had sold the car before I asked the price.The train had left before I arrived at the station.（After/before 引导的时间状语从句放在句首要在句子后面加煤号,假如放在主句后就不用加。） 变疑问句将助动词移到句首Had she finished her homework. 变否定句在助动词后面加notShe hadnt finished her homework. 确定回答及否定回答Yes she had. No she hadn t.
21、* 特殊疑问句： What had she done.7. 过去进行时 表示过去正在进行的动作经常用在when、 while 、 as 引导的状语从句中。结构： was/were+doingWhen my husband was going into the dining room this morning,he dropped some coins on the floor. While we were having dinner , my father was watching TV.8. 过去将来时 结构： wouldShe said she would go here the next morning.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载