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1、学习好资料欢迎下载2015 年人教版八年级上册英语重点短语与语法Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? （谈论假期生活，一般过去时）Unit 2 How often do you exercise? （谈论生活习惯，一般现在时）Unit 3 Im more outgoing than my sister （谈论事物对比，形容词比较级）Unit 4 Whats the best movie theater? （谈论事物比较，形容词最高级）Unit5 Do you want to watch a game show? （谈论内心想法，一般现在时）Unit6 I m
2、 going to study computer science.(谈谈生活的目标，一般将来时) Unit7 Will people have robots?( 对将来生活的预言，一般将来时) Unit8 How do you make a banana milk shake?( 描述进程，祈使句 ) Unit9 Can you come to my party?( 学习邀请，作出、接受和拒绝邀请，学习表请求的句子) Unit10 If you go to the party, youll have a great time.(作出决定，学习 if 的条件状语从句 ) 复习一般过去时复合不定代
3、词的用法反身代词的用法系动词的用法动词后的 to do和 doing 的区别ed形容词和 ing形容词的区别“ 近义词 ” 的区别本单元中的主谓一致现象动词过去式的构成及不规则动词表用同义短语转换同义句时谓语动词形式一致性的培养。感叹句的结构和连词的选择。Unit1 Where did you go on vacation? 重点短语1. go on vacation去度假2.stay at home 待在家里3.go to the mountains 去爬山4. go to the beach 去海滩5. visit museums 参观博物馆6. go to summer camp 去参加
4、夏令营7.quite a few 相当多8.study for 为而学习9.go out 出去10.most of the time 大部分时间11. taste good 尝起来很好吃精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 28 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载12.have a good time 玩得高兴13. of course 当然14.feel like 给的感觉；感受到15.go shopping 去购物16.in the past 在过去1
5、7. walk around 四处走走18. because of 因为19. one bowl of 一碗 20. the next day 第二天21. drink tea 喝茶22. find out 找出；查明23. go on 继续24.take photos 照相25. something important 重要的事26. up and down 上上下下27. come up 出来28. buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth. 为某人买某物29. taste + adj. 尝起来 30. look+adj. 看起来 31.nothingbut+动词原形除
6、了之外什么都没有32.seem+ （to be）+ adj. 看起来 33. arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点到达某地34.decide to do sth. 决定去做某事35. try doing sth. 尝试做某事/ 36. try to do sth. 尽力去做某事37. forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事 / 38. forget to do sth. 忘记做某事39. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事40. want to do sth. 想去做某事41. start doing sth. 开始做某事42. stop doing
7、sth. 停止做某事43. dislike doing sth.不喜欢做某事44. keep doing sth. 继续做某事45. Why not do. sth.? 为什么不做 呢？46. so+adj.+that+从句如此以至于 47. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 28 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载48 .have a good time=enjoy onese
8、lf=have fun(doing sth.) 玩得痛快三、重点句子：1. Where did you go on vacation? 你去哪儿度假的？2. Long time no see. 好久不见。3. Did you go anywhere interesting? 你去有趣的地方了吗？4. I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax. 大多数时间我只呆在家里看书和放松。5. Everything was excellent. 一切都很棒。6. I bought something for my father. 我给
9、我爸爸买了些东西。7. How did you like it ？你觉得它怎么样？8. I arrived at Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family. 今天早晨我和家人到达马来西亚槟城。9. For lunch, we had something very special. 午饭我们吃了很特别的东西。10. but many of the old buildings are still there. 但是许多旧的建筑物还在那里。11. My father and I decided to go to Penang Hill today.
10、 今天我和爸爸决定去槟城山。12. And because of the bad weather , we couldnt see anything below. 并且因为糟糕的天气，我们看不见下面的任何东西。语法：复合不定代词或副的构成及用法构成：由 some, any, no, every分别加上 -body, -thing, -one 构成的不定代词叫做合成不定代词；加上-where构成副词。用法：（1）合成不定代词在句中可以作主语，宾语或表语等。Nobody will listen to him. He wants something to eat. （2）不定代词作主语时，谓语动词要
11、用单数。There is nothing wrong with the TV. Everybody likes reading. （3）some-不定代词，通常用于肯定句中；any-不定代词则多用于否定句、疑问句中。但 some- 可用于表请求、邀请、预料对方会作肯定回答时的疑问句中。Someone is calling me. There isnt anyone else there. Is anybody over there? Could you give me something to eat? （4）形容词修饰不定代词时，通常要放在不定代词之后。精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - -
12、 - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 28 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载There is something delicious on the table. （5）somewhere, anywhere, nowhere, everywhere 用作副词。Flowers come out everywhere. 注： 形容词修饰不定代词要后置：anything special 不定代词做主语时谓语用单数. 巩固练习：用不定代词或不定副词填空：1. I cant hear anything
13、 = I can hear _. 2. There is _ on the floor. Please pick it up. 3. Did _ go to play basketball with you ? 4. I phoned you last night, but _ answered it. 5. Maybe _ put my pencil _. I cant find it _. 单选1. No one _ how to do it. A.know B. knows C. knowing D. knew 2. Everything_OK, isnt it? A. was B. a
14、re C. and D. is 3. There s_in the newspaper. You should read it. A. important something B. something boring C. boring something D. something important. arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family. (翻译)_ arrive 为不及物动词，意为 _, arrive in 到达+大地方（国家省 市）arrive at 到达+小地方（机场商店等 ) get to 到达+地方rea
15、ch 到达+地方The Smiths_ New York at 8:00 last night. A.arrived at B. got to C.reach D.arrived 2. so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel. (翻译)_ 3. decide为及物动词，意为决定，决心。决定做某事：_. 4. My sister and I tried paragliding. （翻译） _ try to do sth.意为_; try doing sth.意为_ We shouldn t try _(study) English, we
16、should try _(study) English. 5.I felt like I was a bird.(翻译)_ _. 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 28 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载feel like 意为_后常接 _.另外 feel like 还意为 _ Do you feel like a cup of tea? 6.I wonder what life was like here in the past. （翻译） _ wo
17、nder 为及物动词，意为 “ 想知道 ” ，后常接疑问词（ who, what, why)引导的从句。I wonder _ you are doing.( 我想知道你正在做什么。 ) 6.What a difference a day makes! 感叹句，结构为 What +名词+主语+谓语！补充： _ 7. We waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people. _ 为等候 ,后接人或物。_为太多，后接可数名词复数; _+不可数名词（ money）; _为太后接形容词或副词（ big）8 .My f
18、ather didnt bring enough money. Enough后可接 _ ，其形式分别为 _；_ 。want to do sth. 想要做某事want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事would like to do sth. 想要做某事(2) decide to do sth. 决定做某事decide on 决定某事课后练习一、用所给词的适当形式填空。1. I didnt find _ ( someone ) there. 2. Is there _( something ) important in todays newspaper? 3. Look! There
19、 is _ ( anybody ) at home. The light is on. 4. Amy _ ( meet ) a famous actor yesterday. 5. There _ ( be ) forty-five students in our class last term. 6. Miss Green _ ( come ) to China in 2008. 7. Little Tom _ ( be ) here a moment ago. 8. She _ ( buy ) a new bag yesterday. 二、单项选择( )1. -_ you _ to the
20、 movies ？ - Yes, I did. A. Did went B. Did go C. Are went ( )2. - How was your weekend? - Great! We _ a picnic in the park. A. have B. has C. had ( ) 3. Mrs Green with her little daughter _ at home _ that rainy night. A. was on B. were on C. was at ( ) 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳
21、 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 28 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载4. - Who told you to clean the windows? -Miss Wang _ A. told B. did C. has told ( ) 5. - Do you always _ to the zoo? - Yes, I _ yesterday. A. go go B. go went C. went go ( ) 6. - _ there any koalas in the zoo last year? - No, there _. A.
22、Are aren t B. Were wasnt C. Were werent ( ) 7.- Did you go with _? - Yes, I did. A. someone B. anyone C. somebody ( ) 8. - Did you buy _ special? - No, I didnt. A. something B. some things C. anything 三、句型转换1Lucy played computer games yesterday. ( 改为一般疑问句) _ Lucy _ computer games yesterday? 2We went
23、 to the Palace Museum. ( 对划线部分提问) _ _ you _? 3There was someone here just now. （ 改为否定句） _ . 4She played volleyball just now. （ 改为否定句） She _ _ 5volleyball just now. They ate a lot of ice cream. ( 对划线部分提问) _ _ they _? 6My vacation was pretty good. ( 对划线部分提问) _ _ your vacation? Monday, July 15th I arri
24、ved in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family. It was sunny and hot, so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel. My sister and I tried paragliding. I felt like I was a bird. It was so exciting! For lunch, we had something very special Malaysian yellow noodles. They were delicious! In th
25、e afternoon, we rode bicycles to Georgetown. There are a lot of new buildings now, but many of the old buildings are still there. In Weld Quay, a really old place in Georgetown, we saw the houses of the Chinese traders from 100 years ago. I wonder what life was like here in the past. I really enjoye
26、d walking around the town. Tuesday, July 16th What a different a day makes! My father and I decided to go to Penang Hill today. We wanted to walk up to the top, but then it started raining a little so we decided to take the train. We waited over 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - -
27、- - - - - - -第 6 页，共 28 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载and hour for the train because there were too many people. When we got to the top, it was raining really hard. We didn t have an umbrella so we were wet and cold. It was terrible. And because of the bad weather, we couldnt see anything below. My
28、 father didnt bring enough money, so we only had one bowl of rice and some fish. The food tasted great because I was so hungry! 不规则动词过去式：am,is-was are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said give-gave get-got, go-went come-came have-had, eat-ate take-took run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made read-read, wr
29、ite-wrote draw-drew drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept buy-bought, swim-swam, sit-sat, bring-brought, can-could, cut-cut become-became, begin-began, draw-drew feel-felt find-found forget-forgot hear-heard keep-kept know-knew, learn-learnt（learned）leave-left, let-let, lose-los
30、t, meet-met, read-read, sleep-slept, speak-spoke, take-took teach-taught , tell-told, wake-woke Unit2 How often do you exercise? 重点短语such as例如；诸如junk food n.垃圾食品；无营养食品more than超过；多于；不仅仅；非常less than不到；少于help with housework 帮助做家务on weekends 在周末how often 多久一次hardly ever 几乎从不once a week 每周一次twice a mont
31、h 每月两次every day 每天be free 有空go to the movies 去看电影use the Internet 用互联网swing dance 摇摆舞play tennis 打网球stay up late 熬夜；睡得很晚at least 至少have dance and piano lessons 上舞蹈课和钢琴课go to bed early 早点睡觉play sports 进行体育活动be good for 对有好处go camping 去野营not at all 一点儿也不 in one s free time 在某人的业余时间the most popular 最受欢
32、迎的精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 28 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载such as 比如；诸如old habits die hard 积习难改go to the dentist 去看牙医morn than 多于；超过less than 少于help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事How about ? .怎么样？want sb. to do sth. 想让某人做某事How many+可数名词复数 +一般疑问句？有多少 ? spen
33、d time with sb. 和某人一起度过时光It s+ adj.+ to do sth. 做某事的 的。ask sb. about sth. 向某人询问某事by doing sth. 通过做某事Whats your favorite ? 你最喜爱的 是什么？the best way to do sth. 做某事的最好方式三重点语法(一) 重点句型1.-What do you usually do on weekends? -I often go to the movies. (1) on weekends/on the weekend 在周末(2) go to the movies 去看
34、电影(3) 第一个 do 助动词第二个 do 实意动词2. hardly ever 几乎从不hardly ever 相当于 hardly, ever起强调作用。hardly 为副词，意为 “ 几乎不没有） ” ，相当于 almost not，本身具有否定含义，不能再使用其他否定词。E.g. She hardly eats anything. 辨析: hardly 和 hard hard作形容词，意为 “ 困难的，艰苦的，硬的 ” ；hard作副词，意为 “ 努力地，猛烈地 ” 。hardly 意为“ 几乎不 ” (1) The ground is too to dig (2) I can un
35、derstand them. (3) Its raining ,the people can go outside. 3. -How often do you watch TV? -Twice a week. (1) how often 意为“ 多久一次，多长时间一次” ，用来提问频率。(2) twice a week 一周两次拓展: 一次 once 两次 twice 三次或三次以上基数词 + times three times four times 4. Whats your favorite program? = What program do you like best? 你最喜欢的节目
36、是什么？5. How come?怎么回事？怎么会？表示某件事情很奇怪，有点想不通；可单独使用，也可引精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 28 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载导一个问句。相当于疑问词why。但 how come 开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍是陈述语序。How come you didnt tell me about it? = Why you didnt tell me about it? 6. I go to the movies may
37、be once a month. 我也许一个月去看一次电影。maybe 副词，意为 “ 或许，大概，可能 ” ，常位于句首。E.g. Maybe he knows the way to the park. 辨析： maybe 与 may be maybe副词，作状语，意为 “ 或许，大概，可能 ” ，常位于句首。may be 属于“ 情态动词 +be 动词” 结构，意为 “ 可能是 ” 。(1) The baby is crying she is hungry. (2) The woman a teacher . 7. Last month we asked our students abou
38、t their free time activities. ask ab. about sth. 询问某人某事8. We all know that many students often go online, but we were surprised that ninety percent of them use the Internet every day. The other ten percent use it at least three or four times a week. 我们都知道许多学生经常上网， 但是让我们感到惊讶的是90%的学生每天都上网， 而另外 10%的学生一
39、周至少上网达三至四次。(1) other: adj. 其他的 +名词the other: adj. 其他的 +名词(在特定的范围内 ) one,the other, 一个, 另一个E.g. One of them is blue ，the other ones are purple. 它们的其中一个是蓝色的，其他的是紫色的。others: 其他的东西the others: 其他的东西 (在特定的范围内 ) E.g. One of the children likes reading ，the others like singing. 后句可替换为 the other students like
40、 singing. (2) at least 至少at most 最多，至多E.g. I have ten yuan in my pocket at most. 9. Most students use it for fun and not for homework. 大多数学生上网是为了娱乐而不是为了写家庭作业。10. The answers to our questions about watching television were also interesting. 关于看电视的调查结果也十分的有趣。the answers to our questions 问题的答案dance to
41、the music 和着音乐的节奏跳舞key to the lock 这把锁的钥匙11. Although many students like to watch sports, game shows are the most popular. 尽管许多学生喜欢看体育节目，但是娱乐节目是最流行的。12. It is good to relax by using the Internet of watching game shows, but we think the best way to relax is through exercise. 通过使用因特网看娱乐节目来放松很不错，但是我们认为
42、最好的放松精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 28 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载方式是通过锻炼来放松。(1) Its +adj.+to do sth 做某事 , 的E.g. Its very easy to learn English well. (2) by doing sth. 通过做某事(3) the best way to do sth. is做某事的最好方式13. It is healthy for the mind and the bo
43、dy. 这有益于身心健康。stay healthy = keep healthy = keep in good health 保持健康14. Old habits die hard. 旧习难改。(二)语法知识 : 频度副词1. 频度副词的含义(1) 表示次数、频率的副词称为频度副词。常用的频度副词按高低依次为always usually sometimes seldom hadly ever never 100% 80% 60% 30% 10% 0% (2) 表示具体的频率、次数时，一次用once，两次用 twice，三次或三次以上用 “ 基数词+times ”表示: three times,
44、 four times, six times 2. 频度副词在句中的位置(1 )频度副词一般在实意动词之前，be 动词、助动词或情态动词之后E.g. We never eat junk food. Lucy is sometimes very busy. I can hardly say a word. (2)有些频度副词也可位于句首，但表示不同含义sometimes 常位于句首，和位于句中区别不大。E.g. Sometimes Jack plays computer games. often 用于句首时，通常表示强调，且其前一般有quite，very 修饰E.g.Very often he
45、goes online. Usually 也可位于句首，其前不用修饰语。E.g. Usually my father goes up early. Always 一般不用于句首，但可以用在祈使句中。E.g. Always remember this. 3. 对频度副词提问时，用how often E.g. -How often do you go to the movies? -Once a month Unit3 Im more outgoing than my sister. 重点短语. more outgoing 更外向精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - -
46、- - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 28 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载asas 与一样 the singing competition 唱歌比赛be similar to 与相像的 /类似的the same as 和相同；与 一致be different from 与不同care about 关心；介意be like a mirror 像一面镜子the most important 最重要的as long as 只要；既然bring out 使显现；使表现出get better grades 取得更好的成绩rea
47、ch for 伸手取in fact 事实上；实际上make friends 交朋友the other 其他的touch one s heart 感动某人be talented in music 有音乐天赋be good at 擅长 be good with 善于与 相处have fun doing sth. 享受做某事的乐趣be good at doing sth 擅长做某事make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事want to do sth. 想要做某事as+adj./adv. 的原级 +as 与一样 It s+ adj.+for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说，做某事 的。
48、三重点语法(一) 重点句型1. Both Sam and Tom can play the drums, but Sam plays them better than Tom. 萨姆和汤姆都会打鼓，但是萨姆比汤姆打得要好一些。both (1) 表示“ 两者都 ” ， both用在含有 be动词的句中，应放在be动词的后面；用在含有行为动词的句中，应放在行为动词的前面，(2) bothand表示“ 两者都 ” ，both.and在句中连接并列成分，如主语、谓语、表语、宾语等，位置比较灵活。E.g. Both New York and London have traffic problems. (
49、 连接主语 ) The secretary both speaks and writes Spanish.(连接谓语 ) 【考例】 My parents _ doctors.精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 11 页，共 28 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载A. both are B. all are C. are all D. are both拓展： all 表示“ 三者或三者以上全都 ” 的意思，every 指三个以上的人或物 (含三个 )，each指两个
50、以上的人或物 (含两个 )。练习：用 all,both,every,each填空1) My brothers and I are _l at school. 2) _ student may have one book. 3) _Tom and Jim are my good friends. 4) Three students are flying kites,they are_ in Class 1. Tara works as hard as Tina. 塔拉学习和蒂娜一样努力。as.as意为“ 与一样” ，as.as中间接形容词或副词的原级。其否定结构 not as/so.as 意为“