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1、精品学习资源1. enjoy v.-adj. enjoyableenjoy doing sth. 喜爱做某事 =be fond of sth./doing sth.enjoy oneself=have a good/great/wonderful time=have funin doing sth.2. experience n.-v. experience 体验,经受 -adj. experienced 有体会的experience 不行数名词 -体会(后面常接介词in 或 of 短语)可数名词 经受 an experience /an exciting experience3. earn
2、vt. 赚钱,谋生;博得,得到earn one s living/earn one谋生s,br维ea持d生计4. respect vt. 敬重;重视;留意n. (不行数)敬重,敬重;(可数)点;方面-adj. respectable 正派的,受人敬重的;好的,令人中意的-adj. respected 受敬重的,受敬重的-adj. respectful 有礼貌的,敬重的of+N/to sb. 反义 disrespectful-adj. respective 各自的(仅用于名词前)respected 多用于修饰人,它与respectable 的区分在于respectable 表示受人敬重的可能性,
3、但未必被respected搭配用法:respect sb. for sth. 因某事而敬重某人in respect of sth. 关于,就 而言show respect for sb. 敬重某人lose the respect of 失去对 .的敬重earn/win respect 赢得敬重5. devote vt.致力于;献身 -adj. devoted 挚爱的( be devoted to sb.-n. devotion 挚爱,深爱;忠心devote oneself to 致力于,献身于;用心于sb. devote sth. to doing sth. 把 献给;把 专用于sb. dev
4、ote sth. to sth. 用于be devoted to sth/doing sth. 把时间 钱、精力等 献给 做某事6. average n.平均数;平均水平;一般标准adj.中等的;一般的;平常的 LV.平均为on an / the average 平均,按平均运算;一般说来;通常above/below average 平均水平之上 /下7. challenge n. 挑战;怀疑 , 质问;艰难的任务;难题-vt. 挑战;质疑 ;邀请某人竞赛-adj. challenging 具有挑战性的 -n. challenger 挑战者the challenge of doing sth的
5、挑战.face/accept/take on a challenge 面对 /接受挑战meet/rise to a challenge 迎接挑战challenge for sth. 挑战某物challenge sb. to do sth.质疑某人做某事8. encouragement n.勉励,促进 -v. encourage 勉励,勉励 反义: discourage v.使泄气;劝阻-n. courage 士气;胆识;英勇-adj. encouraging 令人勉励的,兴奋人心的encourage sb. to do sth. 勉励某人做某事discourage sb. from doing
6、 sth. 劝某人不要做某事/劝阻某人做某事have courage to do sth. 有士气做某事9. for free 免费的free from 不受 的影响;没有 的;摆脱 free of charge/tax/duty/rent 免费 /免税/ 免税/免租金free to do 自由地做某事free adj.免费的;自由的 -v.释放;使自由;解脱,使摆脱;解救;解除-adv. freely 自由地,不受限制地;畅通地-n. freedom 自由;自主欢迎下载精品学习资源10. look back on/upon sth. 回忆,回忆look back on/upon the pa
7、st 回首过去look back on/upon those years 回首那些年look into调查;观看look on 旁观;认为,视为look out 留意,当心;留意看look up 查找;好转;向上看;敬重;拜望look down on/upon 轻视,看不起look through 浏览;认真查看;视而不见look after 照管;照看look for 查找look forward to doing sth.期望,希望look about 四处查看;考察事态( 1) As look back upon those years , I am struck by Annies w
8、isdom.( 2) Ive been looking into this matter this afternoon.( 3) Two men were fighting. The rest were looking on.( 4) When youre eating fish , look out for bones.( 5) Weve been looking out for a new house , but the ones weve seen are all too expensive.( 6) Look up the word in the dictionary( 7) I wa
9、nt to look my uncle up sometime.( 8) She looked through her notes before the examination.11. satisfaction n. 中意 v. satisfy 使某人中意;满意要求等;符合标准等-adj. satisfied 中意的,满意的 反义: dissatisfied-adj. satisfying 令人兴奋的,令人中意的反义: unsatisfying ,物体,做主语,一般很少用-adj. satisfactory 中意的,够好的,反义: unsatisfactory ,常用,表示事物本身具有的特点等
10、be satisfied with sb./sth. 对 感到中意with/in satisfaction满意地,中意地to sb. s satisfact使io某n 人中意express satisfaction with/at sth. 对 表示中意give sb. the satisfaction of doing sth.使某人得到做某事的满意感get/gain satisfaction from sth. 从某事物中得到满意感12. exchange v.交换,沟通,兑换,更换exchange sth. for sth.用某物换某物exchange sth. with sb. 同某人
11、交换 /沟通某物in exchange for 交换13. What is lik用e.于提问某人或某物的情形怎么样;其中like 为介词既可以用于提问某人的长相怎么样,又可以提问某人的性情、品质等;What does sb. look like. 仅用于提问某人的长相怎么样;What does sb. like. 用于提问某人喜爱什么;其中like 为动词What do you think of sb. 问的是一个人的品德;What do you think of sth.=How do you find/like sth.询问看法,表示“觉得 怎么样? ”14. 动名词作主语,谓语动词用单
12、数;有时用 it 作形式主语,把动名词置于句末;常用的句型有:It is a waste doing sth. 做是铺张It is no good/use doing sth. 做 没好处 /用途It is worthwhile doing sth.做是值得的欢迎下载精品学习资源There is no sense in doing sth.做 没道理There is no point in doing sth. 做 没有意义There is no use/good in doing sth. 做没好处 /用途There is nothing worse than doing sth. 没有 比
13、更糟的15. attend vt. 出席,参与;上学;到场;(医生、护士等)照管,关怀-n. attendance 出席人数,出席,参与-n. attendant 服务员,随从-n. attention 留意,留心;照管attend class上课attend school 上学attend a meeting 参与会议attend to 处理生意或个人事务 ;照管;留意倾听;用心于attend to the matter 处理事情attend, take part in, join, join in辨析四者均有 “参与 ”之意;Attend 指出席或参与会议、音乐会、婚礼、宴会等,也可指听课
14、、听报告等;Take part in 多指带着责任心参与大型活动,并在其中起肯定的作用,如体育、竞赛、嬉戏、争论、战役等Join 指加入团体、组织等,并成为其中的一员,如参军、入团、入党等Join in 强调参与正在进行的活动,如竞赛、消遣、谈话等Join sb. in sth. 和某人一起做某事16. the best way to do sth.the way to do sth. 做某事的方法the way of doing sth. 做某事的方法all the way 一路上;从头至尾by the way 在路旁;顺便说by way of 经由;通过 的方法in a way 在某种程度
15、上;有几分,略微in no way 一点也不,决不no way 绝不行能in the way 挡道;阻碍某人on the way to doing sth. 在去往 的路上;正在走向;快要成为17. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事be/get used to sth/doing sth. 习惯于(做)某事be used to do sth. 被用来做某事be used for doing sth. 被用来做某事be used as sth.用作18. fun n. (不行数)消遣,玩笑,好玩,好玩的人或事 -adj. funny for fun 开玩笑地;为了好玩have fu
16、n doing sth. 玩得高兴what fun 多么高兴make fun of 嘲笑;取笑it is fun to do sth. 做什么事好玩的sth. is fun.19. 疑问词 +动词不定式 结构常跟在动词 ask, know, consider, explain, decide, wonder, understand, learn等后面作宾语I don t not what to do next.=I don t know what I shall do next.20. prepare v.预备;筹备;把 .预备好 adj. prepared 有预备的,预备好的(不放在名词前)
17、欢迎下载精品学习资源-n. preparation 预备,预备 复数:预备工作,筹备工作-adj. prepared 有预备的 反义: unprepared 无预备的prepare sth.预备某事prepare to do sth.预备做某事prepare sb. to do sth.为某人做某事做好预备prepare for sth. 为某事做预备prepare sth. for sth.为某事预备某物sb. be prepared to do sth某. 人有才能且情愿做某事do sth. in preparation for sth为.预备某事而做某事欢迎下载精品学习资源make pr
18、eparations for sth为. in preparation 在预备中做预备工作欢迎下载精品学习资源21. though/although 连词,引导让步状语从句,主句不能与but 连用,但可与 yet, still 等连用though 仍可作副词,一般放在句末,而且前面多用逗号隔开,although 无此用法;Our team lost. We did a good job, though. 尽管我们表现不错,但我们队仍是输了;22. miss vt. 想念,怀念;逃过,躲开;没赶上;未击中,未抓住;遗漏miss 是非连续性动词,没有进行时-adj. missing 丢失的;缺少的
19、miss doing sth. 没能做成某事miss out 漏掉,省略miss the chance 错过机会23. former adj./n. 以前的 放在名词前 / 前者 反义: latter adj./n. 后者的 /两者中的后者previous adj. 以前的;从前的 指的是按时间和次序在某事物之前the previous day 前一天previous to 在某事物以前24. donate vt. 捐赠,赠送 -n. donation 捐赠物donate sth. to sb./sth. 赠送,捐赠给某人/某组织donate blood 献血25. kindness n. 善
20、意,友好,和气,好意,爱护-adj. kind 和善的,友好的 反义词: unkind 不慈爱的,不和善的、26. need 的用法归纳: A用作情态动词,主要用于疑问句、条件句或否定句中,没有时态变化,后接动词原形B用作实义动词,need to do sth/need sb. to do sth.C. 及物动词, sth. needs doing=need to be done 主动表被动 27. more thanA. 用于比较级,比 更(多、大等)B. 表示超过,多于,相当于overC. 表示 岂止是,不仅是;特别,特别D. 表示 非 才能所及,其后跟从句,从句中用can/could T
21、his is more than I can understand. 这是我所不能懂得的;28. whether or引导让步状语从句whether conj. 是否;不管 仍是 .用于引导让步状语从句 whether 与 if类别说明欢迎下载精品学习资源只能用 whether, 不能用 ifA. 句中有 or not 时I wonder whether I ll catch the last buosr not. B.引导主语、表语、同位语从句时Whether it is true remains a question.C.作介词宾语时It depends on whether he s r
22、eoat.dy or nD.放在不定式之前,与不定式组成词组时Please tell us whether to go or stay.只能用 if, 不能用 whetherA. 如有 “假如 ”之意,引导条件状语从句时If it rains tomorrow, the meeting will be put off.B. 当引导一个否定的宾语从句时I don t caifreshe is ten years older than me.whether 与 if 可互换用作“是否 ”讲,引导绝大部分宾语从句时They asked if/whether we would like to go.2
23、9. Upon finishing his studies,一完成学业 upon 是介词作状语A. Upon/On doing一 就=as soon as/immediately/the moment/the second/the minute/directly/instantly/hardly when /no sooner than B. Upon/On+ 名词,表示动作刚发生或完成Upon/On his arrival, he went straight to the headmaster.他一到达就直接到校长那儿去了;30. develop v.培育,养成,产生;进展;开发;冲洗(交卷
24、)-adj. developing 进展中的-adj. developed 发达的 反义: undeveloped 不发达的,落后的;(土地)未开发的-n. development 进展with the development of随着 的进展31. inform vt. 告知,通知-n. information消息,情报,资料(不行数)-adj. informal非正式的 反义: fomal-adj. informed消息灵通的,见多识广的keep sb. informed 告知某人Inform sb.+ 疑问词 how +to do sth. 通知某人如何做某事inform sb. of
25、sth. 告知某人某事32. run v. 治理;经营;开动机器等;跑;run a school 办学校run after 追赶;追求run into 陷入;碰见run across 无意间遇到sb. run out of 用完,终止 sth run out 无被动 run away 逃走,离家run away from 躲避;携 而逃走33. approve v. 赞同,称赞;批准,核准,认可反义: disapprove 不赞同,反对-n. approval 赞同,称赞 , 同意;批准,认可反义: disapproval 不赞同,反对-adj. approved 用于名词前 认可的,核准的-
26、adj. approving 称赞的,赞同的反义: disapproving approve of sth. 赞成 /同意某事approve of sb. doing sth. 同意某人做某事欢迎下载精品学习资源be approved for 被批准用于 34. charge n.负责,掌管 v. 充电;收费,要价;指控,控告-adj. chargeable 可以控诉的;可充电的-adj. charged 布满感情的; 气氛 紧急的take charge 接管take charge of 接管charge for 收费,要价charge $ 10 for a cup of coffee 一杯咖
27、啡要价十美元sth. be in/under the charge of 在某人的掌管下,由某人经营/照管,表被动sb. be in charge of 掌管,治理,照管, 表主动charge sb. with sth 指控某人某事charge sth. with使某事物布满 (情感)be charged with 布满charge sth. 将 充电charge sb with doing sth 命令某人做某事for free = free of charge = without payment免费at one s own charge / expen自s费e35. event n.(重要
28、)大事;社交活动;竞赛工程in any event 不管怎样,无论如何at all events 不管怎样,无论如何in the event 到头来,结果in that event 假如那样的话in the event of 万一发生 的话event, matter, affair 辨析A. event 通常指具有很大影响、意义重大的大事或运动会的竞赛工程B. matter 意为 “麻烦、毛病、问题”,通常指要留意的事情,也可以表示“物质 ”C. affair 是一个比较正式的词,指已经发生或必需去做的事情,通常用复数形式, 指“事务,事态 ”如 the world affairs36. pr
29、esent v. 赠送;提交,交出;出席,显现n. 礼物=giftadj.出席的,到场的(作定语时必需后置)反义:absent 缺席的,不在场的-adv. presently 不久,立刻,很快,一会儿=soon; 美现在,目前 =now-n. presence 出席,到场,显现反义: absence缺席 , 缺乏,没有-adj. presentable 像样的,风光的,拿得出手的-n. presentation 授予,颁发;报告,(新产品的)介绍;(观点的)陈述,说明;出现at present 现在,目前for the present 就目前来说,临时up to the present 直到现
30、在,至今make a present of sth. to sb. 把某物赠送给某人37. compare v. 比较,对比-n. comparison 比较-adj. comparable (在数量、大小、质量等方面)类似的,相当的;可比较的-adj. comparative 相比之下的 , 相比而言的 , 相对的 n. 比较级形式compare to 把 比作 compare with 把 与进行比较comparedwith/to 和比较, 常用于 句首或句尾,且 作状语beyond/without comparison 无与伦比欢迎下载精品学习资源by comparison 比较起来in
31、 comparison 与 比较38. the+比较级, the+比较级 越 ,越39. choose v. chose, chosen选择,选择-n. choice 选择,选择权choose to do sth. 选择/打算 /宁愿 /情愿做某事choose sb./sth. to do sth. 选择某人 /某事做某事choose sb./sth. as sth.选择 作为 choose from sth. 从 选择can t choose but d不o 得不做某事have no choice but to do sth. 别无选择做某事do nothing but do sth. 除做
32、 之外什么也不做40. order n. 次序,次序;订购;点菜;命令,指示v. 命令,指示;订购;点菜in order 整齐,有条理out of order 出了故障;次序紊乱,不按次序in order to/that 为了,目的在于order sb. to do sth.命令某人做某事order that should do 宾语从句 +should do类似用法:当某些表示建议、恳求、命令等主观意向的名词作主语时,其后的表语从句或同位语从句需用虚拟语气,其表达形式为 should 动词原形或直接用动词原形;这类名词常见的有:advice, insist , suggest/suggest
33、ion,propose /proposal, order , demand, desire, request, require/requirement , recommend /recommendation , aim , wish , necessity , preference , motion , plan, idea, resolution 等;如: I demand that he should answer me immediately. 我要求他立刻答复我;He insisted that he should be sent there. 他要求被派到那儿去;留意:如 sugge
34、st, insist 不表示 建议 或 坚持要某人做某事时 ,即它们用于其本意 示意、说明 、 坚持认为 时,宾语从句用陈述语气 ;判定:(错) You pale face suggests that you( should)be ill.(对) Your pale face suggests that you are ill.(错) I insisted that you ( should)be wrong.(对) I insisted that you were wrong.41. regret v. ( regretted, regretting )遗憾;懊悔做了某事;对 感到遗憾-ad
35、j. regretful懊悔的,遗憾的-adj. regrettable 令人懊恼的,惋惜的,令人遗憾的regret to say/to tell you/ to inform you/that表示所懊悔、遗憾的事情仍没有发生regret +n./doing sth./that 从句 懊悔,因做某事而遗憾、惋惜等regret not doing sth 不懊悔做过的事情regret not having done sth类似结构:remember/forget to do sth. 记得 /忘了去做某事remember/forget doing sth. 记得 /忘了做过某事mean to d
36、o sth.准备做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着try to do sth. 努力做某事 try doing sth. 试试做某事stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事go on to do sth. 连续做另外一件事go on doing sth. 连续做同一件事can t help to do st不h. 能帮忙做某事 can t help doing st忍h. 不住做某事42. require v. 要求,需要欢迎下载精品学习资源-n. requirement 要求,需要的事物(一般复数)require sth. 需要r
37、equire doing sth.=require to be done 主动形式表被动含义 某物需要被做 类似的词: need,wantbe required to do sth. 规定做某事require sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事require that sb. should do sth. require sth. of sb. 要求某人做某事43. so that 引导结果状语从句, “如此 以至于 ”即 so+adj./adv. that 从句so that 引导目的状语从句,表示“为了,以便 ”,从句常使用 can, could, may, might, wil
38、l, would, should等情态动词或助动词;引导结果状语从句,从句中一般不用can, may 等词;so that与 such that区分 : 意思相同但固定搭配不同so+adj./adv.+that 从句such a/an+adj.+ 可数名词单数 +that 从句= so+adj.+ a/an+ 可数名词单数 +that 从句such +adj.+ 不行数名词 /可数名词复数 +that 从句The play was so interesting that I went to see it several times.= This was such an interesting
39、that I went to see it several times.= This was so interesting a play that I went to see it several times.这个话剧特别好玩,所以我去看过好多次;留意:名词由 many, much, few, little修饰时,只能用 sothat 结构;44. act n. (戏剧)幕;行为,举动vt. 行为,表现-n. action 行动 , 活动-n. actor 演员 尤指男演员 -n. actress . 女演员-adj. active 活泼的 , 活跃的; 积极的;主动的反义: inactive
40、 act as 担任 职务act for 代理act on 对起作用,对 有效 take action to do sth. 实行行动做某事take an active part in 积极参与 be active in doing sth. 积极做某事45. be supposed toto do sth.理应 /应当做某事;被认为,被看做是46. tolerate vt. 忍耐;默许;答应=stand/bear-n. toleration 容忍精神,宽容态度-adj. tolerant 宽容的,容忍的反义: intolerant-n. tolerance 容忍,宽容tolerate doi
41、ng sth. 答应做某事47. frightened adj. 受惊的;可怕的 =scared-v. frighten 使可怕,使惊吓 =scare-adj. frightening令人可怕的,吓人的=scary be frightened to do sth. 可怕做某事be frightened of sth./doing sth.frighten sb. to death 把某人吓的要死frighten sb away 吓走某人frighten sb/sth. off 吓走,吓跑frighten sb into doing sth. 把某人吓得做某事欢迎下载精品学习资源48. star
42、ve v. 受饿;期望-n. starvation 受饿,饥饿,饿死-adj. starving 受饿的starve for 期望;急需starve to death 饿死49. be at fault 有错,要对错误负责find fault with挑剔;找茬,吹毛求疵It s your fault to make such a mistak犯e.这样的错误是你的过失;50. defend v. 辩护,辩解;防卫,爱护-n. defence 爱护,防护-n. defender 爱护者;防守队员,后卫-n. defendant 被告defend against 防卫;抗击defend with
43、 用 防卫defend from 防卫 以免于defend sb. against/from sb/sth. 针对 为辩解; 爱护某人 /物免受 损害51. deserve v. 值得;应得;应受-adj. deserved 应得的,理所当然的-adj. deserving 应得的,值得的(尤指经济上的支持)deserve to sth. 理应做某事deserve+名词deserve doing sth.= deserve to be doneHe deserves punishment.=He deserves punishing.=He deserves to be punished.de
44、serve well/ill of应/不应受到deserve fo为r 值得做某事deserve from应从 受到52. upset adj.感到不适的;心烦意乱的v. upset, upsetting 打翻;倾覆;使心烦意乱be upset with sb 对某人不快be upset by/at/about 对某事感到苦恼upset stomach 肠胃不适53. emergency n.可数 突发大事;紧急情形- n. emergence 显现,显现;发生;露头(of )- adj. emergent 紧急的 ,出现的 ,突然显现的;新显现的(仅用于名词前)- vi. emerge 显现
45、; 显出; 暴露 问题 . 看法等 emerge from =appear, become known 54. explanation n. 可数 说明,说明- v. explain 说明,说明explain sth. to sb.= explain sb. sth. 向某人说明某事的理由55. be hard on sb./sth.=be strict with sb. in sth. 对某人某人严格56. now that 既然,由于,引导缘由状语从句=because of the fact that=since57. turn 短语turn one sback on sb. =turn away from sb. in an impo