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1、一重要词组及短语八年级英语下册单元学问点总结Unit3 Could you please clean your room.1. could you please do sth.你能吗？ /请你干好吗？2. do the chores做杂务3. do the dishes洗餐具4. sweep the floor清扫地板5. take out the trash倒垃圾6. make ones bed铺床7. fold ones clothes叠衣服8. clean the living room清扫客厅9. stay out late晚归10. e over过来11. have a test考试
2、12. get a ride搭车13. use ones puter使用某人的电脑14. hate sth. / hate to do sth. / hate doing sth.厌恶某事 / 做某事15. do the laundry = do some washing = wash clothes洗衣服17. wash the car刷车16. make breakfast / make dinner = do some cooking做饭18. work on从事,忙于work at学习、致力于、在上下工夫19. borrow some money借一些钱borrow sth. from
3、 sb.向某人借某物 借入 lend sb. sth.= lend sth. to sb.借给某人某物 借出 20. invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事invite sb to a place邀请某人去某地21. go to the store去商店22. agree sb. to do sth.同意某人做某事agree with sb.同意某人的看法disagree sb. to do sth.不同意某人做某事disagree with sb.不同意某人的看法23. take care of = look after照管、照看、照管take good care of =
4、 look after well把照管得好26. take sb. for a walk带某人去漫步27. play with sb.和某人玩28. forget to do sth.遗忘去做某事 未做 forget doing sth.遗忘做过某事 做过 29. 关于 to的短语总结：have to do sth.不得不,必需做某事need to do sth.需要做某事hate to do sth.厌恶做某事like to do sth.喜爱做某事want to do sth.想做某事 love to do sth.喜爱做某事forget to do sth.遗忘做某事start to d
5、o sth.开头做某事begin to do sth.开头做某事 ask sb to do sth.请某人做某事二、重点短语句型1. Peter ,could you please take out the trash.Could you please do sth .请你（做） .好吗？ 用于提出恳求,期望得到对方的确定回答,说话的语气比较客气委婉；Could不是 can 的过去式,是委婉、礼貌的说法；回答用can.-Sure./ Of course./ Certainly./No problem.-Sorry , I cant2、take out取出（ v+ adv ）【注】 :跟代词做宾
6、语,代词放中间；跟名词做宾语,可放在中间,也可放在后边e.g. His teeth hurt badly. The dentist take them out .【短语】 take out the trash倒垃圾 take a walk漫步 take away拿走,取走take back收回take place3. Can you do the dishes.？发生 take offdo the dishes脱下；洗碗起飞【结构 1】do the +名词：do the dishes/ laundry洗餐具 / 衣服【结构 2】do the +动词 -ingdo the cleaning打扫卫
7、生【结构 3】do one s +名词 do one s housework/ homework做家务 / 家庭作业【结构 4】do some + 动词 -ing do some reading/ shopping读写书 / 购物e.g. Could I at least finish watching this show.1】Could I do a sth.我可以做 .吗？用于表达恳求,语气比较委婉；Could I go out with my classmate this weekend.2】at least至少,多指数量或程度上的最低限度； 反 at most至少,不超过Now all
8、 of us exercise at least an hour a day and outside school. 3】finish v终止；完成finish doing sth做完某事e.g. Can you finish reading these books before 10 oclock. Yes, I can.5、I think two hours of TVisenough for you.1】two hours of TV表示时间、距离、金额、度量等词语作主语时,通常被视作整体,谓语动词用单数形式；How time is flies. Three yearsisbe real
9、ly a short time.作形容词足够的,充分的（在句中作定语或表语）【解析 2】enoughI don t have enough money with me.作 副词足够； 充分（放在形容词； 副词后） The riveris deep enough forswimming.【记】 Mr. Smith has enough money ,but he isn t kind enough to help others.【留意】 enough 修饰名词时,置于名词前；修饰形容词时,置于形容词之后；6、Could you take out the rubbish,fold the clot
10、hes and do the dishes.【解析】 take out拿出；取出take的用法：Please take some books to the classroom.拿；取take吃；Ta喝ke；th服is用medicine three times a day.乘（T车h；ey船us等u）ally take the bus to work.It takes me two hours to do my homework every day.花费（时间； 金钱）【拓展】 take构成的短语：takea walk去漫步 takea rest休息 takecare of照管 takeoff脱
11、下；起飞takeup 占据 takedown拿下 take one s time不急；渐渐来take ones temperature量体温7. The minute I sat down in front of the TV, my mom came over .【解析 1】the minute = as soon as“一.就.” Please write to me the minute youget there.【解析 2】 in front of【辨析】指在物体外部的前面inThfreornet iosf a bike in front of the classroom.in the
12、 front of指在物体内部的前面Our teacher is standing in the front of the classroom【记】 The driversat inthe frontof the car.the car.The policemanstood infrontof 【留意】有 the 无 the 区分大：at table吃饭；进餐in hospital住院at the tabel在桌边in the hospital在医院（不肯定看病）【解析 3】e over过来【拓展】 e短语：e across（偶然）发觉e back回来e up with想出e true实现e
13、down下来e from=be from来自 , 诞生于e in/into进入 , 进来 e on赶快 , 加油e along走吧, 过来 , 快点e and go来来去去 e up上来e out出来, 花 开, 照片 冲洗出来8. I m just as tired as you are.as.as .和.一样 .9. For one week , she did not do any housework andneither did I.【解析】 neither +助动词 / 系动词 / 情态动词 + 主语“某人（主语）也不” neither两者都不neither nor 既不也不 , 连
14、接两个词做主语,谓语动词由后一个主语确定e.g. Neither Tom nor Jim is a student 表达“也不”就用 “ Neither /Nor + be / V助 / V情 +主”e.g. The first one wasn t bad. Neither was the second.10. The next day , my mom came home from work to find the house clean and tidy.【解析】 find +宾语 +宾语补足语【注】 find found found v查找(1) find sb. doing sth发
15、觉某人做某事(2) find it + adj. + to do sth发觉做某事很11. Could I hang out with my friends after the movie.【解析】 hang out闲逛 hang up把.悬挂 / 挂起12. Could you please pass me the salt.【解析】 pass v 给；递；走过；通过pass sb.sth把某物递给某Pass on传递e.g. Please pass the paper on to the other students. v通过；路过 I pass your home. v通过（考试）；及格
16、 Tom can pass his math exam. 13.Could I borrow that book.Could you lend me some money.【解析】 borrow /lend/keep1borrow借入 , 与 from连用,尤指主语“ 【借进来” 】borrow sth from sb.从某人那里借某物e.g. You can borrow the book from the library. 2lend借出 , 与 to搭配 【指借出去】lend sb sth=lend sth to sb把某物借给某人e.g. He doesn t want to lend
17、 his book to others.3keep保留,储存（连续动词,可以与表示一段时间的状语连用）【指借一段时间】14. I hate to do chores.我厌恶做家务；hate to do sth厌恶做某事 ,表示某次详细行为或动作；I hate to trouble him.hate doing sth不情愿做某事表示常常或习惯性行为或动作；She hates smoking in her room. 15.Could I ask you to help me with some chores then.【解析】 ask sb. to do sth要求某人做某事；ask for恳
18、求,要某物ask sb. about sth向某人询问关于某事(1) ask sb. for help向某人恳求帮忙(2) ask sb. not to do sth恳求某人做某事ask 构成的短语：短语含义ask sb. to do sth请某人做某事ask sb. not to do sth不让某人做某事ask sb for sth向某人要某物ask for help寻求帮忙16. . Could I invite my friends to a party.我能邀请我的伴侣们来聚会吗？【解析】 invite sb. to Sp.邀请某人去某地【解析】 invite v invitatio
19、n n邀请(1) invite sb. to do sth邀请某人做某事(2) invite sb. to +地点 邀请某人去某地17.I dont understand why some parents make their kids help with housework and chores at home.【解析】 make sb. do sth让某人做某事make made made v.做, 制作, 使得(1) make sb/sth +形容词“让某人或某物”make you happy(2) make sb/sth do sth使某人做某事make me laugh.18. Th
20、ey don t have time to study and do housework, too.【解析】 have time to do sth.有时间做某事have time =be free有空19. Housework is a waste of their time.做家务是在铺张他们的时间；【解析】 a waste of铺张a waste of time铺张时间a waste of money铺张金钱20. They should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades andget into a go
21、od university.为了取得好成果并考上一所好高校,他们应当把时间用在学习上；【解析 1】spend. on sth在某事上花费 .spend/pay/cost/take花费(1) spend spent spent v花费 , 主语是人 sb.+ spend +时间 / 钱+on sth sb. +spend +时间 / 钱+（ in ） doing sth spend on= pay for支付He spends too much time on the puter games.Remember to spend some time _with_ your loved ones,
22、because they re not going to be around forever. My fatherspentone hundred thousand yuan on his new car.(2) paypaid paid v支付,主语是人 sb.+ pay +钱+for sthI pay 10 yuan for the book. How much did youpayfor this puter. Five hundred dollars.(3) cost cost cost v花费,主语是某物或某事 sth cost sb. +钱某物花费某人多少钱A new puter
23、costs me a lot of money.I bought a new sweater last weekend. Itcost_ me 120 yuan. 4take took taken v花费 It takes /took sb. some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间It takes him 3 hours to do his homework.【解析 2】get into =enter进入【拓展】与 get 相关的短语：get up起床 get back返回 get over克服get dressed穿衣 get into进入get/be lost丢失
24、get off/on下/ 上车get on well with sb.与某人相处得好get out of从出来get warm变暧get ready for +n.为做预备get ready to do sth.预备做某事 get well康复 get a chance有机会、得到机会get/go to sleepfall asleep入睡相关： be asleep睡着 21. It is the parents job to provide a clean and fortable environment at home for their children.【解析】 provide sth
25、. for sb.为某人供应某物provide为应急等做好预备而“供应；供应”provide sb. with sth. =provide sth for sb.供应某人某物offer侧重表示“情愿赐予”offer sb. sth. = offer sth to sb.动提出干某事对某人供应某物 offer to do sth主supply定期“供应”品,强调替代或补充所需物Supply sb. with sth=supply sth. to sb.供某物为某人提21. Our neighbor s son got into a good college but during his firs
26、t year, he had n idea how to take care of himself.takecareof照管 Thanks foryourinvitation,butI m so sorryI can t go.I need to takecareof my baby at home.【拓展】与 take相关的短语：take photos/pictures照像 takeaway 拿走 takeout 取出 workout 算出 takecare 当心 takea walk漫步take medicine服药take place发生 take one s temperature量体温take one s time别焦急