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1、Section A1. Could you please do sth 用.Unit 3 Could you please clean your room.于提出恳求,期望得到对方确定回答,语气较委婉；确定回答： Sure./ Of course./ Certainly./No problem.否定回答： Sorry , I cant. / Im afraid I cant.在表示恳求帮忙或恳求答应的疑问句中, 常用 could 代替 can,以表示礼貌, 委婉或不确定的语气, 而 can 就不具备这些语气； 这种情形下不能把 could 看作 can 的过去式；以上两句中用 could 是为
2、了表示礼貌的恳求；表示恳求帮忙或恳求答应时,除了can, could 之外,仍可以用 may,句子的表达方式也各有不同,可以用不同的方式来表示同一个概念；Could / Can / May I use your car for a day.作允答可以各种各样：犹如意可以说 Yes,或 Sure 或 Certainly,仍可说 Yes, do please. 或 Of course. you may / can. 或Thats OK / all right.假如不同意,可以说 Im sorry you cant. 或 Im really sorry, but I have to use it t
3、oday. 要防止说 No, you cant. 这样显得很不礼貌；否定回答通常用委婉语气；2. take1取,拿： Please take some books to the classroom. 2吃,喝,服用Take some medicine.(3) 乘车,船等We can take a bus to the park.(4) 花费（时间、金钱） It took me 2 hours to do my homework.take care of 照料 take a walk 漫步 take awa拿 take up 占据 take place 发生take off 脱下；take on
4、e s time 渐渐来3. problemquestion问题problem 客观存在待解决的问题,侧重困难； Solve the problem question 因存疑而提出问题,侧重疑问；answer the question4.1neither adv 也不 句子须部分倒装；此时可用 nor 替换 neitherI donltike this dress. 我不喜爱这件连衣裙；Neither / Nor do I. 我也不喜爱；【留意】确定句： He likes beef.-So do I. 我也喜爱；(2) neither nor 既不也不 , 连接两个词做主语, 谓语动词就近原就
5、Neither Tom nor I am a student(3) neither 作代词表示 “两个都不 ”,它作主语时,谓语动词常用单数； Neither of my parents is at home.辨析 also, too, either, neither1also 较正式,在句中位于行为动词前,系动词、助动词或情态动词之后；Peter also likes beef.I am also a student.She can also swim. 2too 较口语,多用在确定句句末；(3) either 表示“也”时,一般只用于否定句句末；I don t have much mone
6、y either.(4) neither 用作副词,意为 “也不”说明,句子须采纳部分倒装；also 和 too 常用于确定句, neither 用于否定句； either 表示“也”用于否定,但 either o用r 于确定；5.or否定句 也不We don t have tea or coffee.陈述句 或者Answer me yes or no.疑问句 仍是Do you like red or pink.表转折 否就 祈使句Hurry up, or you will be late.6. come over 过来come across（偶然）发觉come back回来come up w
7、ith 想出come true实现come from 来自come on 加油come in/into进入,进来 come out 出来, 花开, 照片冲洗出来7. surprise1 in surprise 诧异地 诧异地He look at me in surprise. 2可数名词,令人诧异的事或物That is a big surprise.(3) 不行数名词 诧异 to ones surprise To my surprise, he didn t leave.(4) 及物动词,使诧异surprise sbHis success surprised us.8. work on 从事,
8、忙于work at 学习、致力于、在 上下工夫9. borrow some money 借一些钱borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物 借入=borrow sb sth lend sb. sth.= lend sth. to sb. 借给某人某物 借出You can borrow some money from your brother.你可以向你哥哥借些钱；Can you lend me your bike.你能借给我你的自行车吗？留意： keep 连续性动词I can keep the book for one week.10. pass sb sth=pass sth t
9、o s地b 给某人某物11. needv 需要作实义动词常用于确定句(1) 人做主语, sb. need to do sth某人需要做某事2物做主语, sth need doing = sth need to be doneneed做情态动词用于否定句或疑问句 . 1needn t = don t h没av有e t必o 要(2) need ,must 引导的一般疑问句,确定回答用must,否定回答用 neednt Must I go there now.Yes,you must/No, you needntSection B1.invite v invitationn 邀请(1) invite
10、 sb. to do sth 邀请某人做某事(2) invite sb. to +地点 邀请某人去某地2.waste(1) v铺张waste time/money on sthwaste time / money in doing sth 在做某事上花费时间 /金钱(2) n 不行数 铺张 废物 垃圾a waste of 铺张a waste of time 铺张时间a waste of money 铺张金钱(3) adj 铺张的 无用的 荒废的waste paper3. spend/pay/cost/take花费(1) spend spent spent花v费,主语是人sb.+ spend +
11、时间/钱+on sth 在某事上花费 .sb. +spend +时间/钱+（in ） doing sth spend on= pay for 支付He spends too much time on the computer games.(2) pay paid pai支d v付,主语是人sb.+ pay + 钱+for sthI pay 10 yuan for the book.(3) cost cost covst花费,主语是某物或某事 sth cost sb. +钱 某物花费某人多少钱A new computer costs me a lot of money.(4) taketook
12、taken v 花费It takes /took sb. some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间It takes him 3 hours to do his homework.4. in order to 目的是；为了后接动词原形句首 句尾都可以in order to do sth 为了做某事5. provide v 供应 为应急等做好预备而供应；供应provide sth. for sb. 为某人供应某物 = provide sb. with sth. 1offer 侧重表示情愿赐予offer sb. sth. = offer sth to sb. 对某人供应某物of
13、fer to do sth 主动提出干某事2 supply 定期供应 , 强调替代或补充所需物品supply sb. with sth=supply sth. to sb. 为某人供应某物6. depend on 依靠；信任It all depends.=That depends.视情形而定7. sinceconj.(1) 由于,由于,既然 引导缘由状语从句 表示对方已知的事实或理由,常放在句首） Since we don t have money,we can t buy a house.(2) 自.以后,自 .以来引导时间状语从句It s two years since we visite
14、d your mother.8. keep +sth /sb. +adj. 使 处于某种状态keep系动词 保持 keep + adj . We must keep healthy.实义动词 保持；连续(1) keep on doing sth 连续做某事He was in great pain but he kept on working(2) keep sb. doing sth 让某人始终做某事I m sorry to have kept you waiting for so long.9. as a result 结果 因此 （插入语,放在句首,用逗号隔开）as a result of
15、 由于,作为的结果10. the + 比较级, the + 比较级越. 越.The faster, the better.11. independent adj独立的,自主的12. make made made v做. , 制作, 使得(1) make sb/sth + 形容词让某人或某物 make you happy(2) make sb/sth do sth 使某人做某事make me laugh.make sure 确信make a dialogue编对话make a mistake犯错误 by mistake 由于疏忽 make a noise吵闹make faces做鬼脸make f
16、riends with和.交伴侣make room for 给.让地方make tea沏茶 make money赚钱make a decision作出打算make the bed 整理床铺make a living 谋生 make fun of = laugh at 取笑13. have time to do sth有. 时间做某事have time =be free 有空14. get into =enter 进入get up 起床 get back 返回get over 克服 get dressed穿衣 get into 进入get/be lost丢失get off/on 下/上车 get
17、 on well with sb.与某人相处得好get out of 从出来get warm 变暧get ready for +n.为做预备get ready to do sth准. 备做某事get well 康复get a chance 有机会、得到机会get/go to sleepfall asleep入 睡相关： be asleep睡着 15. get older 长大get/ become/ go辨析：1get+adj 较多地与形容词比较级连用The days are getting longer and longer. 2become 强调变化的结果Its becoming cold
18、er and colder.3go+adj. 表示令人不快的事情go bad变坏, go blind 变瞎, go hungry 受饿16. do one s pa尽rt职责；尽本分do one s part in doing s在th 做某事上尽职责17. develop independence培育独立意识develop v developmentn 进展 developing adj. 进展的 developedadj. 发达的a developing country 一个进展中国家a developed country 一个发达国家18.take care of 照料take photos/pictures 照像take medicine服药take away拿走take place发生take out 取出work out 算出take one s tempera量tur体e 温take care当心take one s ti别me焦急take a walk 漫步