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1、Requirements for packing vary according to the differences of the natures and characters of commodities. According to CISG, the seller should deliver goods which are contained or packaged in the manner required by the contract. The packages should be fit for any particular purpose expressly or impli
2、edly made known to the seller at the time of the conclusion of the contract, except where the circumstances show that the buyer did not rely, or that it was unreasonable for him to rely on the sellers skill and judgment. (1) The instructions and requirements need to be clear and detailed for easy an
3、d possible handling. (2) For any instructions, it is better to have them stipulated as clauses in contracts or orders. (3) The stipulation of the packing clauses needs to be specific and definite to avoid any future disputes. (4) The rights and obligations of the buyer and the seller, especially the
4、 clause of which party to bear the extra costs incurred from packing when above standard requirements are involved, need to be stipulated clearly. (5) According to international trade practice, shipping marks are usually designated by the exporter, and it is not necessary to specify them in the cont
5、ract. Shipping marks can also be definitely specified at the importers request. If it is stipulated in the contract that the importer will designate the shipping marks, a deadline for the designated shipping marks should be set, and it should be also indicated that the exporter shall decide the ship
6、ping marks if the importer fails to provide the exporter with details of the shipping marks in time.Sample Letters include the following subjects: Dear Sirs, Re: Packing for T-shirts We thank you for your letter dated July 6, enclosing your order numbered 4319 for 5000 dozen T-shirts. However, upon
7、examination of the terms in the order, we have noticed that other than the clause worded as “seaworthy packing”, there are no detailed requirements for packing the goods. From our previous experiences, we feel it can cause confusion and misunderstanding in the execution of your order and may even re
8、sult in disputes when claiming losses from insurance companies. If you could elaborate a bit more on this particular provision, we would appreciate it very much since it will not only give us more precise instructions on what to do, but also provide better coverage when insurance is to be involved.
9、We are looking forward to your detailed packing instructions. Yours faithfully, Dear Sirs, Re: Packing for T-shirts Thank you for your letter concerning the packing of our products. Please follow the instructions in this letter for the packing of the captioned goods. Please pack the T-shirts with si
10、mple individual wrapping and stack in two columns to fit into cartons with 100 pieces in each. It would be appreciated if you could seal and strap the cartons for extra strength and it is also necessary to line each carton with waterproof material to protect the goods from rain or moisture damage. I
11、t would be ideal if you could put four cartons into one crate for extra protection. The use of crates will also allow the port to use slings for the loading and unloading, which will help protect the products. Since hooks might damage the clothes inside the carton boxes, it is advisable that you put
12、 the sign “USE NO HOOKS” outside the package for the attention of the stevedores. Other marks should include our companys abbreviation, quantities in each carton, and the number and total number of cartons for the whole consignment. We do not require specific designs for the inner packing since thes
13、e products will be sold as no-frill economic merchandise only. We hope these packing requirements can be met and await your early shipment. Yours faithfully, Dear Sirs, Thank you for your prompt reply to our request for packing instructions for the goods you ordered on July 6. We would be most willi
14、ng to follow and carry out the packing as you instructed. However, from our usual handling experience, we would like to point out that there is something not so practical in your request and therefore would like to make the following suggestions for your consideration. 1. The requirement of placing
15、100 pieces of T-shirts only into each carton will waste too much space in the carton, since a standard export carton would be able to contain 250 pieces of our products if packed as standing rolls instead of flat sheets. Since the products will be sold in basic economic package only, it would not ha
16、rm them if they are rolled up for storage. This can simply cut down the number of cartons to be used from 600 to 240, and reduce the cost of package to less than half of the original. We hope you also like this idea and would agree that we go ahead with our usual packing. 2. The use of crates for ev
17、ery 4 cartons would also seem to be an unusual request since T-shirts are not fragile or heavy products that can be easily damaged. The use of crates will not only increase the costs of packing, but also increase the weight of the whole consignment, disproportional to the weight of the merchandise a
18、nd therefore greatly increase the freight cost. However, if you do insist on the use of crates, would you be happy to cover extra costs incurred? A better choice would be to stack the 240 cartons into one 20ft container instead, which can prove to be much safer and economical. We hope to have your c
19、onfirmation on the above at your earliest convenience. Yours faithfully,Letter 10 -3 Dear Sirs, We are pleased to inform you that your Order No. 4319 will soon be ready for shipment as long as you have confirmed the following details for packing and marking of the goods as discussed in our earlier c
20、orrespondence. Packing: all 5 000 dozen T-shirts are packed 250 pieces to one standard export carton, lined with waterproof material. The T-shirts are wrapped with polyester bags, rolled up and packed into the cartons. The total 240 cartons are then packed into one 20ft container for convenience of
21、shipment. Marking: the cartons are marked “USE NO HOOKS”，and the logo of your company comes above the line of the destination port. The bottom line consists of your order number and total number of cartons of the consignment. We hope the packing and marking are up to your requirements. Please confir
22、m as soon as possible so that we can pack accordingly for early shipment. Yours faithfully,Letter 10-4 Dear Sirs, Re: Order No.4319 The captioned goods you shipped on August 14 arrived here yesterday. While we appreciate the quality and make of the products, we are disappointed about the packing of
23、the goods. We asked for individual packing of the T-shirts being packed in flat layers inside carton boxes. However at your suggestion, we agreed to pack them rolled up in order to save packing space. Unfortunately, because of the special material we use for this kind of T-shirt and the practice of
24、rolling them up and squeezing into cartons in large numbers, the T-shirts have come out of the cartons creased and are rendered unsuitable for sale directly. To have these T-shirts ironed and wrapped again will cost us a lot since our labour costs are much higher than those in China, and on the othe
25、r hand, if we have them shipped back for repacking we will also incur a large amount of freight charge. We hope that you will immediately take this matter into your careful consideration and favour us with a prompt solution by fax. Yours faithfully,Letter 10-5敬启者： 我们很高兴在上届广交会上认识你们工厂。 我们经营你们这种建筑机械产品已
26、经30多年了，从周边很多国家进口全套的产品，并在客户中享有盛誉。 目前我们正在寻找价格更加便宜的供应商。不知你们的drive-on trowels具体规格和价钱如何？如果有可能，试订单后我们将建立长期出口合同，并且提供给你们改进方案和图纸，使产品更符合市场需要，更具有竞争性。 由于我们下批要货时间很紧，请抓紧回复。 盼能合作成功！ 谨上Dear Sirs,It was nice meeting you at the last Canton Fair.We have been dealing in your kind of construction machinery for more than
27、 30 years, importing from all neighbouring countries, and enjoy a high reputation among our clients.We are now sourcing a supplier with lower prices. What about the specifications and prices of your drive-on trowels? If possible, we would like to establish long-term export contract with you after a
28、trial order, and in this case we would provide you with plans and drawings for further improvement for the product to make it more suitable and competitive on the market.Since our schedule for the next shipment is very tight, please reply as soon as possible.We are looking forward to a successful co
29、-operation between us!Yours faithfully, other than reinforce line well-intentioned insist on render on top of designate consist of turn out in case of wrap stencil in transit up to in case favour seaworthy bear stand 1 Fill in the blanks with the words and phrases given in the box. Change the forms
30、where necessary.(1) We are prepared to use cardboard boxes for the outer packing. Besides, well _ the boxes with iron straps and line them with plastic sheets.(2) This is a choice variety of Chinese tea, which you can get nowhere _ from us. (3) The coat _ silk, so it seems a little expensive.(4) We
31、have put the damaged coffee sets aside _ you need them to support a claim on your suppliers for compensation.(5) We would remind you this low price _ possible only by our system of mass production. (6) We shall be glad to receive any order with which you care to _us. (7) Should you continue to deal
32、with that company, we would advise you to _ payment by L/C. (8) On careful examination of your samples, we found the cotton in question well _ standards in quality. (9) Though _, many of these efforts were ill fated from the beginning.(10) They didnt ship our order in time and even, _that, asked us
33、if they could delay the shipment till the end of this month. other than reinforce in case is lined with is rendered favour insist on up to well-intentioned on top of (11) Your L/C No.K090811 _ the port of transshipment which is inconsistent with the terms “Transshipment allowed” in our S/C No. KM091
34、01.(12) Well make sure that the packing is _, but we cant commit ourselves to being responsible for every kind of mishap. (13) Proper packing is strong enough to _ long sea voyage, rough handling, jolting and shock, and to discourage pilferage; otherwise, the goods are terribly rusty and damaged.(14
35、) The shipping marks usually _ the following contents: abbreviations or initials of a consignee, reference number (such as sales confirmation, order, or letter of credit), the port of destination and the package number.(15) We can meet your special requirements for packing but the extra packing char
36、ges should _ by you. (16) You will note that our packing has been greatly improved with the result that all our recent shipments _ to the satisfaction of our clients. (17) They fear that the insurance company will say, _ damage or pilferage, that the goods are not packed for ocean transportation and
37、 will not pay compensation for such losses. (18) The piece goods are to _ in kraft paper and then packed in wooden cases. (19) Please mark our initials SBB in a diamond, under which the port of destination and our order number should _ or printed. (20) Please improve your packing so as to avoid any
38、damage _ and facilitate the promotion of sales. designates seaworthy stand consist of be borne have turned out in case of be wrapped be stenciled in transit (1) _ , usually made of jute, are suitable for transporting such cargoes as cement, fertilizer, flour, oil cakes, animal feeding products, chem
39、icals, etc.A. Bales B. SacksC. Cartons D. Cases(2) _ are a kind of portable platform intended for handling, storing, or moving materials and packages. A. Flexible containers B. Large metal containers C. Corrugated boxes D. Pallets(3) _ is composed of abbreviations of a consignee, reference number, t
40、he port of destination and the package number. A. A shipping mark B. An indicative mark C. A warning mark D. A subsidiary mark(4) _, also called dangerous cargo marks, are used to remind the cargo handlers to take necessary safety measures.A. Indicative marks B. Warning marks C. Shipping marks D. Su
41、bsidiary marks(5) _ should clearly stipulate the packing material, manner of packing, packing specification, packing expenses to be borne, shipping marks and so on. A. Quality clause B. Quantity clause C. Shipping clause D. Packing clauseDBBAC2. Choose the best answer to complete the following sente
42、nces.(6) According to international trade practice, shipping marks are usually designated by _ and it is not necessary to specify them in the contract.A. the importer B. the exporter C. the carrier D. the forwarder (7) The adoption of containers has facilitated _ to a great extent.A. to load and unl
43、oad B. the loading and unloading C. us to load and unload D. to have loaded and unloaded(8) As requested, we will have the goods_ in wooden cases, but you have to bear the extra _ charges. A. packing, repacked B. repacked, packing C. packing, packing D. package, repacked(9) We sincerely hope the goo
44、ds under your Order No.123 will reach you _.A. in good conditions B. in the good conditionsC. in a good condition D. in good condition(10) Outer packing _ stenciled with shipping marks. A. is not always B. may be C. must be D. is usually notBDCBB(11) The loss was due to improper packing, _ the suppl
45、iers should be responsible. A. for which B. to which C. in which D. which (12) The importer suggested that the packing of T-shirts _ improved. A. has to be B. was to be C. would be D. be (13) We give you on the attached sheet full details regarding packing and marking, which must be strictly _. A. a
46、bide by B. submitted C. observed D seen(14) We regret that we have suffered heavy loss _ your improper packing. A. resulted from B. resulting from C. resulted in C. resulting in (15) When unpacking the case we found that the goods did not _ with the original sample. A. match B. come up C. agree D. m
47、easureCCDBASupply the missing words in the blanks of the following letter. Dear Sirs, Thank you _ your letter _ September 20, 2009. We confirm that we are still offering our range _luxury foods _the prices quoted_ our initial offer _ you. We understand your concern _ packing and assure you that we t
48、ake every possible precaution to ensure that our products reach our customers all over the world_ prime condition. _ your information, “Ariel” caviar is packed as follows: Each jar is wrapped_ tissue paper_ being placed in its individual decorative cardboard box. The boxes are then packed_ strong ca
49、rdboards cartons, twelve _ a carton, separated _ each other _ corrugated paper dividers. The cartons are then packed _ strong wooden crates. Since the crates are specially made to hold twenty-four cartons, there is no danger _ movement _them. In addition, the crates are lined _ waterproof, airtight
50、material. The lids are secured _ nailing, and the crates are strapped _ metal bands. In the case _ consignments being sent to you, transshipment _ Buenos Aires will be necessary, so each case will be marked _ details required _ the Argentine authorities, as well as _ your own mark, details _ weight,